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Miscellaneous Advertisements, (Connected with Literature and the Arts.)

British Gallery, Pall Mall.

In an elegant Volume, 12mo. with a frontispiece price and Possession of the Holy Land, By Charles Mills, In Esq. author of "A History of Muhammedanism."

5s. boards.

THIS GALLERY, for the Exhibition and Saletific inventions, &c. have raised themselves to opulence of the Works of Modern Artists, will be opened and distinction, and essentially proinoted the welfare on Thursday next, the 17th inst. By order, of mankind; including the Lives of some distinguished JOHN YOUNG, Keeper. Foreigners. By CECIL HARTLEY, M. A, Published Admission 18.---Catalogue Is. by Effingham Wilson, Royal Exchange. Of whom For Gentlemen's Libraries, Reading-Rooms, &c. may be had, by the same Author, Price 5s. Plain, and 7s. finely Coloured, CHRONOLOGICAL CHART, shewing, in one view, the contemporary Sovereigns of Europe, from the Norman Conquest of England to the present time, on a shect of imperial drawing paper. Printed for B. J. Holdsworth, 18, (south-side) St. Paul's ChurchYard.

A

BOOKS PUBLISHED THIS DAY. Handsomely printed in 4to, with Maps, &c. uniformly with Park's and Barrow's Travels, price 21 8s.

TRAVELS IN NUBIA and in the INTERIOR By J. L.

of NORTH EASTERN AFRICA. BURCKHARDT.

With a Life and Portrait of the Author. Printed for John Murray, Albemarle Strect. Handsomely printed in small 8vo, with Ten Plates, price 78. Gd. a New Edition of

A

NEW SYSTEM of DOMESTIC COOKERY, formed upon PRINCIPLES of ECONO.

2

vols. 8vo.

BRITISH GENIUS EXEMPLIFIED in the

Lives of Men who, by their industry, or by scien

1. Principles of the Sciences; or The Elements of
Human Knowledge, in 1 neat vol. 12mo. price 4s, bds.
2. Principles of Elocution; or The Art of Speaking
in Public Familiarised. Price 3s, 6d. neatly bound.
3. Principles of Punctuation; or The Art of Point-
ing Familiarised. price 38. neatly bound.

Handsomely printed, in 2 volumes. 8vo. price 11. As bds.
TRAVELS in the NORTH of GERMANY,
describing the present State of the Social and
Political Institutions, the Agriculture, Manufactures,

Commerce, Education, Arts, and Manners in that

Country, particularly in the kingdom of Hanover. By
THOMAS HODGSKIN, Esq. Printed for Archibald
Constable and Co. Edinburgh, and Hurst, Robinson,

and Co. Cheapside, London.

New Works to be published in February and March, by
Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London.

ITINERARIES to TIMBUCTOO and KASSINA, re

cently received by the Academie des Inscriptions, translated from the Arabic by M. de Sacy, investigated by M, de Walkener, and translated into English by T. E. Bowdich, Esq. Conductor of the Mission to

Ashantee.

A TREATISE on the Diseases of the Urethra and Prostate Vesica Urina and Rectum, being a new Edition and Collection of the Observations and Cases, by Charles Bell, Surgeon to the Middlesex Hospital, and Lecturer on Anatomy. Reduced into Systematie Order, with an Introduction and Notes, containing the Opinions of Foreign Authors on these Diseases, by John Shaw, Demonstrator in the School of Great Windmill Street.

The HISTORY of the ANGLO-SAXONS, from their first appearance in Europe to the end of their Dynasty in England; comprising the History of England from By Sharon Turner, F. A. S. The 3d edition corrected and improved. In 3 vols. 8vo.

the earliest period to the Norman Conquest.

BIBLICAL CRITICISM on the Books of the Old

Testament, and Translations of Sacred Songs, with
Notes, Critical and Explanatory. By Samuel Horsley,
LL.. D F. R. S. F. A. S. late Lord Bishop of St. Asaph.
BIBLIOGRAPHIA SACRA; or an Introduction to
the Literary and Ecclesiastical History of the Sacred
Languages. By the Rev. James Townley, author of
Biblical Anecdotes. In 3 vols 8vo. with Plates.

MY, and adapted to the Use of Private Families. Con- ANNALS of the REIGN of GEORGE the Scriptures, and the Translations of them into different

prising also the ART of CARVING. Observations on the Management of the DAIRY, and POULTRY YARD, Instructions for HOME BREWERY, WINES, &c COOKERY for the SICK, and for the POOR; many very useful MISCELLANEOUS RECEIPTS, and DIREC TIONS proper to be given to SERVANTS both in Town and Country. To which is prefixed an ESSAY on DOMESTIC ECONOMY and HOUSEHOLD MANAGEMENT, comprising many Observations which will be found particularly useful to the Mistress of a Family. BY A LADY.

"This is really one of the most practically useful books of any which we have seen on the subject. The Lady who has written it, has not studied how to form expensive articles for luxurious tables, but to combine elegance with economy, she has given her directions in a plain sensible manner, that every body can understand; and these are not confined merely to cookery, but are extended to a variety of objects in use in families; by which means the utility of the book is very much increased indeed.”

Printed for John Murray, Albemarle Street; sold also by every other Bookseller in England, Scotland, and Ireland, of whom may be had, lately published,

THE NEW FAMILY RECEIPT BOOK, a New Edition, greatly improved, handsomely printed in small 8vo. price 78. 6d. in boards.

HEDIN: or the SPECTRE of the TOMB. A

Tale. By the Honourable WILLIAM HERBERT. 8vo. Printed for John Murray, Albemarle-street.

In the Press, 4to.

TRAVELS through HOLLAND, GERMANY,

and Part of FRANCE, in 1819, with reference to their Statistics, Agriculture, and Manufactures. By W. JACOB, Esq. F. R. S. Printed for John Murray, Albemarle-street.

Statistical Account of Scotland.
In 2 vols. 8vo. with an accurate sheet Map of Scotland,

Price 1. 4s. boards.

A GEOGRAPHICAL and STATISTICAL

DESCRIPTION of SCOTLAND. By JAMES PLAYFAIR, D. D. F. R. S. and F. A. S. E. Principal of the United College of St. Andrew's, and Historiographer to his Royal Highness the Prince Regent. Printed for Archibald Constable and Co. Edinburgh, and Hurst, Robinson, and Co. Cheapside, London.

**The above work contains a general Description of Scotland, its Climate, Mountains, Lakes, Rivers, Products, Population, Manufactures, Commerce, Religion, Literature, Government, Revenue, &c.; a Description of every County; its Extent, Soil, Products, Minerals, Antiquities, Seats, &c. each parish being separately described, and the whole illustrated by appropriate Statistical Tables.

THIRD. By John Aikin, M. D. 2 vols. 8vo. Second edition, brought down to the period of his Majesty's

Decease.

MEMOIRS of JOHN DUKE of MARLBOROUGH;
with his Original Correspondence, collected from the
Family Records at Blenheim, and other authentic
sources. By William Coxe, M. A. F. R S. F. S. A.
Second edition, in 6 vols. 8vo. with Portraits, and a
Quarto Atlas of Maps, Plans, &c.

A TALE of PARAGUAY. By Robert Southey, Esq.
The RIVER DUDDON, a Series of Sonnets; Vau-
dracour and Julia, with other Poems. By William
Wordsworth.

*** This Publication, together with Peter Bell the
Waggoner, and the Thanksgiving Ode, completes the
third and last Volume of the Author's Miscellaneous

The LIVES of BRITISH STATESMEN. By John Macdiarmid, Esq, Containing the Lives of Sir Thomas More; Cecil, Lord Burleigh; Wentworth, Earl of Strafford; and Hyde, Earl of Clarendon. In 2 vols 8vo. a new Edition, embellished with portraits.

An Account of the various Modes of SHOEING HORSES, employed by different Nations. More particularly a Comparison between the English and French methods. With Observations on the Diseases on the Feet, connected with Shoeing, By Joseph Goodwin, Veterinary Surgeon to his Majesty. In svo. illustrated by plates.

SUBSTANCE of the SPEECHES of Sir JAMES. MACKINTOSH, on moving for the appointment of a Committee, to consider so much of the Criminal The MONASTERY; a Romance. By the author of Law as relates to Capital Punishment, on the 24 of Waverley, &c. In 3 vols.

Poems.

March, 1819; and on bringing up the Report of that

The FUDGE FAMILY in ITALY. By the author Committee, on the 6th of July, 1819, of the Fudge Family in Paris.

An HISTORICAL and STATISTICAL ACCOUNT of the Principalitics of WALLACHIA and MOLDAVIA, including various political Observations relating to them. By William Wilkinson, Esq. late his Britannic Majesty's Consul to the above-mentioned Principalities.

MEMOIRS of the Life and Writings of LOUIS DE CAMOENS. By John Adamson, Esq. In 2 vols. 8vo. with 9 Engravings.

TRAVELS in various COUNTRIES of the EAST;

being a Continuation of Memoirs relating to European
and Asiatic Turkey, &c. Edited by Robert Walpole,
M. A. With Remarks on the Natural History, Anti-

quitics, Manners, and Customs of those Countries.

An ACCOUNT of TIMBUCTOO and HOUSA, Ter-
ritories in the Interior of Africa. By El Hage Abd Sa-
Inm Shabeenie, a Native of Marocco, who personally vi-
sited and resided as a merchant in those interesting
Countries, with Notes, Critical and Explanatory. To
which are added, Letters descriptive of various Journeys
through West and South Barbary, and across the Moun-
tains of Atlas. By James Grey Jackson, Esq. Professor
of Arabic, and author of an account of the Empire of
Marocco, and of the Districts of Suse Tafilelt and Tim-
buctoo, &c.

MEMOIRS of the LIFE of JOHN WESLEY, the
Founder of the English Methodists. By Robert Southey,
Esq. 2 vols. 8vo. with Portraits of Wesley and
Whitfield.

TALES of the HEART. By Mrs. Opie. In 3 vols.
TRANSACTIONS of the LITERARY SOCIETY of
BOMBAY. Vol. 2 in 4to. illustrated with Engravings.
The VILLAGE of MARIENDORPT. A Romance.
By Miss Anna Maria Porter.

DOMESTIC SCENES. A Novel. In 3 vols. 12mo.
A GENERAL HISTORY of the County of YORK,
By Thomas Dunham Whitaker, LL. D. F. S. A. F. R. S.
Part 3. Richmondshire.

The MYSTERY; or Forty Years Ago, A Novel. In 3 Volumes.

This Novel is not wholly fictitious. It will be found to contain some curious particulars respecting the interesting Explorer of Africa, Major Houghton; together with the most remarkable incidents of a journey performed in that quarter of the globe" Forty Years Ago."

HISTORICAL ACCOUNT of DISCOVERIES and TRAVELS in ASIA. By Hugh Murray, F. R. 8. E. Author of Historical Account of Discoveries in Africa. In 3 vols. 8vo.

ANNALS of ORIENTAL LITERATURE. To be published Quarterly, the first Number to appear on the First of April.

The object is to afford the Student in Oriental Lan guages a ready opportunity of giving and receiving such information as he must find it convenient to obtain, and may be willing to communicate.

BIBLIOTHECA BRITANNICA; or a General Index to the Literature of Great Britain and Ireland, Ancient and Modern, with such Foreign Works as have been translated into English, or printed in the British Dominions; including also a copious Selection from the Writings of the most celebrated Authors of all ages and nations. By Robert Watt, M. D. Part IV.

A GEOLOGICAL MAP of ENGLAND, accompanied by a Memoir; to which is added, an alphabetical Index to the Hills, and a List of the Hills, arranged according to Counties. By G. B. Greenough, Esq. F. R. S. The HISTORY of the CRUSADES, for the Recovery F. L. S. President of the Geological Society.

The 13th Edition, foolscap 8vo. price bs. boards, of

THE GUIDE to DOMESTIC HAPPINESS.

London: Printed for W. Button and Son; and Longinan, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, Of whom had, by the same Author,

The Refuge, 9th Edition, fcap. 8vo. Price 5s. boards. The Victim, 3d Edition, fcap. 8vo. Price 2s. 6d. sewed. Gethsemane, 2d Edition, fcap. 8vo. Price 5s. boards. Established School Books.---Published by G. and W. B. Whittaker, 13, Ave Maria-Lane. History, &c.

1. A NEW HISTORY of GREAT BRITAIN,

from the Invasion of Julius Cæsar to the present Time; exhibiting to the minds of Youth a variety of instructive and pleasing information, adapted to the capacities of young persons of both sexes. By the late Rev. JOHN ADAMS, A. M. Fifth Edition, embellished with Prints; price 4s. 6d. bound.

+ This new Edition is continued, by an eminent Historian, as far as that lamented event, the Death of her Royal Highness the Princess Charlotte of Wales; and, in so doing, no pains have been spared to render it more particularly worthy the attention of the rising generation.

Questions to the same, price ls.

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3. Adams's Elements of Useful Knowledge, price is. bound.

Questions to the same, price ls.

4. Adams's Elements of Reading, price 3s. 6d. bound. 5. A Sketch of Modern History from the Destruction of the Western Empire, A. D. 476, to the close of the year 1818; with a concise View of the Rise and Progress of the Arts and Sciences, and of Cultivation in Europe. To which is added, a compendious Table of Chronology, from the Creation of the World to the present Time. By A. Picquot, Author of Elements of Universal Geography, &c. price 68. boards.

6. Epitome of English History; or, British Chronology; being a Catalogue of Monarchs, from the Invasion of Julius Cæsar, to the Conquest of William, Duke of Normandy; to which are added Chronological Tables from the Conquest to the present Reign. Fourth Edi

THE MYSTERY; or, FORTY YEARS

AGO.

A Novel. In 3 Volumes.

"Of chance or change, O! let not man complain,
Else shall he never, never cease to wail;
For from the imperial dome, to where the swain
Rears his lone cottage in the silent dale,

All feel the assault of fortune's fickle gale." This Novel is not wholly fictitious. It will be found to contain some curious particulars respecting the interesting Explorer of Africa, Major Houghton; toge. ther with the most remarkable incidents of a Journey performed in that quarter of the globe "Forty Years Ago." Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London.

New History of Spain --Price Es. 6d. boards. THE HISTORY of SPAIN from the earliest

Ages of which we have any authentic Records, to the return of Ferdinand VII. in 1814. accompanied with Chronological and Genealogical Tables, of the Visigoth and Spanish Princes and Caliphs, and a list of the contemporary Sovereigns at the end of each reign; also the Political Arrangements of Europe, as settled at the Treaty of Paris, with Notes. By F. THURTLE, Author of a "History of France," &c. Printed for G. and W. B. Whittaker, 13, Ave-Maria Lane.

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Christinas Fucation.
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A CATALOGUE OF DICTIONARIES,

Grammars, Greek and Latin Classics, and other School Books; together with a Selection of the best" works, adapted for the improvement and recreation of Young Persons, in elegant bindings, as Presents or School Reward Books, which are now selling wholesale, by Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor and Jones, Finsbury Square. In this New Catalogue, the Publishers have the satisfaction to inform Schoolmasters, the prices of many of the articles have been considerably reduced.

Translations of Greek and Latin Classics. Published by Lackington; Hughes, Harding, Mavor, and Jones, Finsbury Square.

COMEDIES of ARISTOPHANES, translated

into English by Cumberland, Fielding, and others; with Prefaces, Notes, and Illustrations, Svo. elegantly printed, 12s.

COMEDIES of TERENCE, translated into familiar Blank Verse, by George Colinan, with a Life of the Author, illustrative Notes, and copper-plates, 8vo. elegantly printed, 128.

GREEK TRAGIC THEATRE, containing translations of Eschylus, Euripides, and Sophoclis, 5 vols. 8vo. 21. 12s. 6d.

THEOCRITUS, BION, MOSCHUS, and TYRTÆ

ELEGANTIE LATINE; or Rules and Ex-US, translated by Polwhele, 2 vols. 8vo. price 10s. 6d.

ercises, illustrative of Elegant Latin Style. Intended for the use of the middle and higher Classes of Grammar Schools. By the Rev. E. VALPY, B. D. Head Master of Norwich School. Improved and made easier. A general List of Phrases, and an Index are also added. A Key to the Latin may be had by a private written application to the Author through the Printer. Price 28. Printed by A. J. Valpy, and sold by Whittakers, Longmans, Rivingtons, and all other Booksellers. Also by the same,

Homeri Ilias, with English Notes at the end, 12s. 6d. Greek Testament, improved from Hardy's Edition. 3 vols. 8vo. 21. 12s. 6d. bds.; large paper, 47.

To prevent mistake, please to ask for Valpy's Editions.

tion, with Alterations and Additions. By the Rev. Geo. PEAK SCENERY; or EXCURSIONS in

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7. Conversations on General History; exhibiting a Progressive View of the State of Mankind, from the earliest ages of which we have any authentic Records, to the beginning of the year 1819. By Alexander Jamieson, Author and Editor of many popular School Books, 12mo. fice 6. boards.

8. A Grammar of Rhetoric and Polite Literature; comprehending the Principles of Language and Style; tle Elements of Taste and Criticism; with Rules for the Study of Composition and Eloquence; illustrated by arгropriate Examples, selected chiefly from the British Classics. By A. Jamieson, 12mo. price 6s. boards.

9. The Rhetorical Examiner; comprehending Questions and Exercises on the Grammar of Rhetoric. By A. Jamieson. 18mo, price 38. bound.

10. A Grammar of Logic and Intellectual Philosophy, ou D dactic Principles. By A. Jamieson; price 6s. bds.

11 The Young Logician's Companion; comprising Questions and Exercises on the Grammar of Logic and Intellectual Philosophy. By A. Jamieson; price 18. 6d. sewed.

12. The Preceptor's Key; containing Answers to the Questions and Exercises on.---1. Adams's History of Great Britain.---2. Adams's History of Rome.---3. Adams's Elements of Useful Knowledge, fifth Edition.--4. Jamieson's Grammar of Logic.---5. Jamieson's Grammar of Rhetoric. By A. Jamieson; 18mo, price 4s. 6d. bound.

The intention of interrogating Children in History, and other subjects which are more immediately connected, in storing the mind with useful knowledge is obvi

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That the system not only improves the mind, but that it also calls into action the powers of memory, exercises the judgment, and excites the pupil to habits of thinking, is universally acknowledged. However irksome this may appear as a task, it will ultimately prove

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useful amusement.

†† A new and complete School Catalogue, for 1820, may be had gratis.

DERBYSHIRE. Part II. By E. RHODES, HIlustrated with Views, engraved by G. Cooke, &c. from Drawings made expressly for this publication, by F. L. CHANTREY, Esq. R. A. Sculptor. Imperial 4to. 31. ; Royal 4to. II. 148.; Demy 4to. 11. 48.

PERSIUS's SATIRES, translated by Drum:hond, Svo. 6s.

HESIOD, translated by Elton, with a Preliminary Dissertation and Notes, 12s.

PLINY'S LETTERS, translated by Melmoth, 2 vols. 12s.

CICERO LETTERS to his FRIENDS, translated by Melmoth, 3 vols. 8vo, 1. 4s.

CICERO on ORATORY and ORATORS, translated by Guthrie and Jones, 2 vols. 16s.

CICERO'S MORALS, (De Finibus) by Parker, 8vo. 10s.

THUCYDIDES' History of the Peloponnesian War,' translated by Dr. Smith, 2 vols. 8vo. 1. 1s.

XENOPHON's WORKS, translated by Spelman," Smith, Ashley, Fielding, &c. 4 vols. 8vo. 21. 28. JOSEPHUS, translated by Whiston, 4 vols. 8vo.

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RARY MISCELLANY, being a new Series of the Scots Magazine, for January, 1820, price 2s. Contents,--Reflections on a New Year.---Ivanhoe, by the Author of Waverley, &c. Journal of a Visit to Helland. Letter VIII. On the University of Cambridge. Criminal Law. Jacobite Relics. On the present State of Mexico. Extracts from a General Reader's Common-place Book. On Gawin Douglas's Translations of Virgil's Eneid. Ellen. The Rose of Paradise. Lines on Visiting the Mansion of a deceased Friend. Defence of Scottish Poetry. Remarks on Williams's Travels in Italy and Greece. Strictures on Ivanhoe. Eighteen Hundred and Twenty. Literary and Scientific Intelligence. Monthly Register, &c. Edinburgh: printed for Archibald Constable and Co.; and Longman and Co. London,

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SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 1820.

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Their

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REVIEW OF NEW BOOKS. ras. Yassi, the capital of Moldavia, is a Although Galatz is the general depot for, smaller but better built town, with 40,000 many goods of importation, it is not the An Account of the Principalities of Wal- inhabitants and seventy churches. The principal market for them: they are convey-, lachia and Moldavia, including vari- streets of both are payed with thick pieces of ed to those of Bukorest and Yassi. Coffee, ous Political Observations relating to timber thrown across, and fastened like a sugar, pepper, run, lemons, oranges, and them. By William Wilkinson, Esq. wooden bridge. The port of Galatz,. how-foreign wines, are the principal articles of this late British Consul to the above-men-ver, is more usefully interesting than ci-description. The local consumption of the 2ther, and we copy the account of it.- first, in both provinces, is calculated at Galatz (the sea-port of the two principa800,000 okes every year; of the second, lities) is in Moldavia, but nearly touches 900,000 okes, and of the third 35,000 okes The bad construction in the title-page, the frontier of Wallachia: it is situated at that of the others is merely eventual which we have just copied, will no the beginning of the broadest and deepest importation, however, surpasses this quandoubt impress our critical readers with part of the Danube, distant sixty miles from tity, and might be still carried to a greater the Black Sea, sixty-five from Yassi, and extent, as the provinces of Gallicia, Boukothe notion that this book is not very exseventy-two from Bukorest. The river i vina, Transylvania, Temesvar, and Servia, are cellently written; and we must say that so far very navigable for ships not exceeding partly supplied with those articles by the it is not the work of a person in ha- three hundred tons burthen. Its principal markets of Bukorest, Yassi, and Galatz. bits of literary coinposition. The au- entrance from the sea is not very easy to thor, however, resided for several years make, owing to the islands which divide it in the principalities which are his subject, into three great channels, two of which are and he supplies a good deal of sensible ob-bound hither take pilots on board, and with very shallow and dangerous. But ships servation in his own way,-intelligibly this precaution, very few accidents take if not elegantly. As Consul, he had pe- place, particularly in the fine season. culiar opportunities for obtaining intelligence, not apparent to casual travellers; and altogether, he has placed the latest débris of the ancient and magnificent Eastern Empire before us in a light more obvious than any in which we

have hitherto seen it.

Of the original composition of the people of these Greek provinces; of the early history of the Dacians, and of the contests of their descendants with the followers of Islam, we shall say nothing except that, about 200 years ago, Wallachia and Moldavia were definitively, subjugated by the Turks, and have, since that era, been governed, agreeably to a partial constitution left them, by governors appointed by the Porte. The population, according to the nearest calculation, approaches to 1,000,000 of souls in. Wallachia, and 500,000 in Moldavia, since the last peace of Bukorest. They are divided into boyars, or nobles of the different orders; the tradesmen of all descriptions; and the peasants, with others who are liable to the common taxes and contributions. So precarious is the station, and so rapid the succession of Hospodars or Governors in this quarter, that, during 90 years, to the beginning of this century, no fewer than forty different princes reigned in Wallachia, independantly of the time it was occupied by the Russians, from 1770 to 1774; by the Austrians and Russians, from 1789 to 1792; and by the Russians again from 1806 to 1812; that is to say, at the rate of a sovereign, more or less, every two years. Bukorest, the capital of Wallachia, contains 80,000 inhabitants, 366 churches, 20 monasteries, and 30 large hanns, or caravanseVOL. IV.

The general system of this import trade is ill contrived, and it is subject to many inconveniences. The purchasers have recourse where, of course, they buy, at high prices. to the markets of Smyrna andConstantinople, The goods, which have already paid customhouse duty in Turkey, are taxed with a new duty of the same kind, of three per cent., on being landed or brought into the principalities, as well as with other charges of an ar bitrary nature, which amount to as much more. The latter are not, indeed, established

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The navigation of the Danube closes in the month of November; and in the severést winters, even this part of the river is completely frozen over for the space of tive or six weeks. In the month of March, ships begin to inake their appearance again, by the local governments, but merely exacted and as they have not the inconveniency of a by their officers, and as they are tolerated, tide against them, they are enabled to come they become unavoidable, unless the propriup close to the wharts, and to remain there etors of the goods happen to be subjects of until their business is finished. European courts,, and as such, receive proGalatz is the great market for the pro-tection and assistance from the consuls residuce of the two principalities, and the only ding in the country. landing-place for some principal articles of Walachia and Moldavia are at present importation. Having all the resources of a supplied by Germany with all kinds of cot-.. seaport, it is apparently a very flourishington and woollen manufactures and hardware, town. Its market is always well stocked either by land or by the Danube.. with the productious of the interior. The The plain and printed calicoes, the chintz, timber, masts, and staves, are conveyed to it glass and earthenware, brought to their along the small rivers, that come from vari-markets, are, without exception, German; ous parts of the country, and fall into the but they are called English, and as such sold Danube nearest to it. There are public at higher prices than they would fetch were granaries for the wheat, and a great number their origin made known of large' warehouses, belonging to private The consumption of the woollen cloths is · merchants, for all articles. It is chiefly in very extensive; that of the superfine qualihabited by commercial men, who, notwith-ties alone is valued at 200,000. sterling standing the rigour of the prohibitive meas every year. Some French cloths are brought sures, often find the means of exporting into the country, but as their prices are consome quantity of wheat, and other contra siderably higher than those of Germany, band articles; but their principal trade is they do not meet with much demand, French that of importation. The town and its de-cambrics and English muslins are always pendencies are governed by two deputies of profitable articles to speculators, and never the Prince of Moldavia, called Percalabi. The remain long on hand.c number of the fixed inhabitants does not exceed seven thousand, but the great concourse of people occasioned every year by commercial pursuits, gives it the appearance of being very populous, and all the bustle of a place of great trade. The presence, in particular, of a great number of commercial vessels, increases considerably that appearance.

As furs of all kinds form a part of the national costume, and are besides necessary, owing to the natural rigour of the climate, they are an article of vast importation. Rassia supplies the principalities with it, and takes in return brandy and wine, and impé rial ducats..

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Most of the merchants carrying on trade,

in these countries, are natives, or Greeks. Some have been naturalised in Russia or in Austria, and receive protection from those powers; an advantage which is of no small consequence to their affairs. Of late years, some natives of the Ionian Islands, have begun to trade in the principalities, and the English flag, borne by their vessels, is now frequently displayed on the Danube.

Some overland expeditions of goods coming from Smyrna, are now and then made by way of Enos and Adrianople; but they are attended with risk and difficulty; besides which, the amount of charges surpasses by eight per cent. those incurred by way of Galatz.

which he endeavoured to justify in attribu- on by a natural aversion to every serious ting the general calamities of Europe to a occupation which does not immediately tyrannical perseverance in war on the part relate to personal interest, both sexes, enof England, furnished him with a sufficient joying the most extensive freedom of interpretext for engaging Russia to continue her course with each other, are easily led to war against Turkey, who had just entered clandestine connexion; the matrimonial into terms of friendship with England. On faith has become merely nominal. the other hand, he prevailed upon the Turk- Various other customs contribute to the ish government to insist on the restitution domestic disorders prevailing in a great of the principalities occupied by the Russian number of private families. Parents never arinies, and to continue hostilities so long as marry their daughters, to whatever class the Russian court should withhold its con- they may belong, without allowing them sent to that measure. His desire of keeping dowries beyond the proportion of their own these two powers at variance with each other means, and to the great detriment of their could not but increase when he had subse-male children, who, finding themselves unquently formed the plan of invading Russia, provided for, look upon marriage as the The natural richness, and the various re- who, molested on one side by the Turks, and ineans of securing a fortune, and consequent sources of Wallachia and Moldavia, are such, on the other by the Persians, was thus forced ly regard it as a mere matter of pecuniary that if those countries could enjoy the im-to employ considerable armies on distant speculation. Feelings of affection or sentí portant advantages of a regular government ments of esteem are therefore out of the and a wise adininistration, under which in- The exhausted state of Turkey, the medi- question in the pursuit of matrimonial endustry and agriculture should receive their ation of England, and the impatience of Rus-gagements, and money remains the only due encouragement, the trade of exports sia, who was pressed by the hostile prepara-object in view. laid open, the commercial intercourse with tions of France, evidently intended against foreign nations set upon a proper footing, her, hastened the conclusion of peace in 1812 and finally, the mines explored, they would between the Mussulman powers and the in a short time become the most populous Russians. and most flourishing provinces of Europe. The harbour of Galatz would soon stand in

rivalship with all the ports of the Black Sea, not excepting Odessa.

frontiers.

But it is pleasanter to us to follow the author in his descriptive sketches than in his politics; and only remarkThe fertility of the soil is such as to pro-ing that he is an advocate for giving cure nourishment for ten times the number Wallachia to Austria, we hasten to of the present population, and leave where- a few extracts characteristic of the with to supply other countries besides; the country, common return of cultivation being sixteenfold, and in more favourable seasons, twenty-five.

Nature has furnished them with every possible means of becoming prosperous: men have ever proved themselves the determined enemies of their prosperity.

When a girl has reached the age of thirteen or fourteen, her parents become anxious to procure a husband for her. They do not wait for proposals, but make the first offers, sometimes to three or four men at a time, stating with them the amount and nature of the dowry they are disposed to give. They enter into a regular negociation when a greater amount is required, and finally settle with him who remains satisfied with the most reasonable terms. The inclinations of their daughter are never consulted on the occasion, and too great a disparity of age, or About two hundred and ten days of the other personal defects on the part of the year are holidays, and they are strictly cb-future husband, never appear to them observed by the inhabitants, as far, at least, jectionable. The girl is sometimes perfectly as relates to the exclusion of all kinds of unacquainted with the man of her parents' work. The public offices, although they choice; and, at her tender age, unable to have so great a portion of the year to re-form any judgment on the state of matrimoThe following political information, night's vacation at Easter, and during the Not long after the nuptials, she is left perfect main inactive, are allowed besides, a for-ny, she submits to their will with indifference. which we meet with a little further on hottest days of summer. In these useless mistress of her actions, her domestic affaire in the volume, will no doubt be and pernicious days of idleness, whilst the are entirely put into the hands of the serthought a curious developement of Boyars' chief occupation consists in seeking vants, and she never interferes with them. some of the springs on which the mar- the means of killing time out of their Neglected by her husband, and at full liberty vellous agreement between the Em-homes, the lowest classes spend it with their to dispose of her time as she thinks proper, peror Alexander and Buonaparte at she forms connexions of intimacy with woErfurth proceeded. men more experienced in the world than herself. The attractions of pleasure and so ciety become too strong to be resisted, and the example of others, with the numerous temptations that surround her, prove, sooner or later, fatal to her virtue. To the harmo ny which may have subsisted between her and her husband, succeeds disgust; quarrels soon follow, and blows sometimes are not spared on her. Her condition becomes at last intolerable, she quits her husband's house, sues for a divorce, and generally obtains it, however frivolous the plea in the

earnings at the brandy-shops, where pros-
titutes are kept for the purpose of attract
ing a greater number of customers, and of
propagating with vice the most horrible of
all the diseases with which human nature is

A plan of partition had been formed at Erfurth between the emperors Alexander and Napoleon, by which the Turkish pro-afflicted. vinces were to fall to the share of Russia, The number of this disgraceful class of and Spain to that of France. It was after females is so great at Bukorest, that the this understanding between the two sove- late Aga, or police director, suggested to the reigns that overtures were made to England. prince the plan of levying a capitation tax The English negociation took time, and be- on each, whereby he would create a new fore it came to a decided issue, Buonaparte revenue of some hundred thousand piasters. declared to his senate that the principalities This plan, contrary to expectation, was not of Wallachia and Moldavia were annexed to put into effect, though it was not likely to the dominions of his friend and ally the Em-meet with obstacles. deror Alexander. When, however, Buona- The manners of society among the Walparte found England determined to treat lachian Boyars are not remarkable for reupon no basis which did not expressly admit finement. The general topics of social conof the evacuation of Spain, and that by en-versation are of the most trivial nature, and tering into such terms he left a decided ad- subjects of an indecent kind frequently take vantage to Russia with respect to Turkey, the place of more becoming discourse; they without reaping any benefit to himself from are seldom discouraged by scruples of any the political bargain mude at Erfurth, he ladies present. changed his views. The continental system,

In the habitual state of inaction, brought

true sense of the law.

The church of Wallachia and Moldavia is the only one professing the Greek religion that authorises divorce; or more properly speaking, the only one that abuses the power of pronouncing it, the authority being granted to the patriarch of Constantinople on occasions of the most particular nature, and

indeed never made use of.

In the principalities, the sentence of di

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vorce is pronounced "so frequently, the mo- Another lady of the first rank separated ner to entertain and matter to instruct tives alleged are sometimes 60 frivolous, her daughter from her husband, with whom us. We can only however select a felv that it never affects the reputation of a wow she hail lived six years, and caused a sen

passages

to show how the writer argues man, so as to degrade her in her ordinary tence of divorce to be pronounced. She the points at issue between him and the rank of society ; nor does it in the least be- gave for reason, that her daughter's consti: Janizaries, who rebelled against the come a scruple to the delicacy of the men, tution suffered considerably by frequent whatever may have been the nature of its pregnancy. The husband, who was by no

new system, and butchered both the motive.

means inclined to the separation, and who Sultan and his Vizier, The worthy There are but few families at Bukorest knew his wife to enjoy the best health, made Effendi thus describes the beginning of who have long continued in an uninterrupted remonstrances to no effect : and he was con- the discontents. state of domestic harmony, and fewer still demned by government to give back the who can point out some relation who has dowry, and to pay damages to a considerable serious consideration, some men were in the

After these points had been taken into not gone through a divorce.

amount, for having spent a part of it, al- first place dispatched to the corps of the JaSometime back, a Wallachian lady of thongh he proved to have employed the de- nissaries for the purpose of seleeting from quality, who had brought but a small

fortune ficient suin for the use of his wife and fa- thence some young and chosen soldiers, to her husband, became desirous of fixing mily.

whom they were to discipline and truin to her residence in one of the principal streets These three instances of the degraded the use of arms. Upon this, our braries of the town, and she pressed him to lay state of morals in these countries are select- who are engaged in the thirty-two trades,

aside his accustomed system of economy, to ed from nuinerous others that occur daily: considering that if they were obliger tu at41 Bell his estate, the revenue of which gave They are such as to excite astonishinent, and tend punctually to the exercise of cannon

them the principal means of support, and to appear almost incredible ; yet they created and sinall arins, they irould be occupied build a fine house in that street. The hus- no other sensation at the time than other with that instead of their private affairs, and

hand, more reasonable than herself, posi- common news of the day, deserving but would be hrought into trouble, no longer reft tively refused to listen to her extravagant little notice.

ceiving their pay once in tlıree inonths graproposal ; and the lady, incensed at his up- The mode of instructing the Wallachians tuitously, and without doing any thing for braiding her for it, quitted his house, and and Moldavians in the precepts of religion, it, began to ponder the matter, stroaking shortly after sned for a divorce, which she ob- is not, however, calculated to animate them their beards and mustachives, and to vent taine. This lady, who has since remained with excessive zeal, and to propagate fana- their discontent by saying, "We are not single, professed great piety, and is still con- ticism. They are merely taught to plunge inade for this sort of work, and we will have sidered as a very pious woman.

headlong into all the ridicules of superstition, nothing to do with it.” Whatever pains Not long after, a young Boyar, contrary the inseparable attendant of ignorance ; und were taken to enlighten their understandings, to custom, fell in love with a very beautiful it is probably owing to the total absence of they obstinately persister, addressing each young woman, of the saine rank and age. fanaticism that the priesthood exercise a less other by these or similar terips, “ Ho! Alli The parents of both agreed on their union, powerful influence here, than they do in Sacka Baba, Oda Bushi, Bash Karakouloukand the nuptials were celebrated by public other Greek countries. All the ceclesiasti- gee! * what say you to this business ? the festivities. · This couple was looked upon as cal dignitaries being of obscure origin, and exercise of the Nizain-y-Gedid is now intro the only one in the country whoin a strong mostly of the lowest extraction, they are ducell; henceforth no pay is to be had withand mutual attachment had united. At the personally despised by the Boyars. Their out service, and what they call exercise is end of the first year the husband was sudden- spiritual power is alone respected.

very troubicsome service; it is true that ly attacked by a pulmonary complaint, and The rites ordained by the established drawing up in a line makes a better show ; induced by the physicians' advice to separate church are the same as those of the patriar- but if they send us to war, we can fire our himself for soine-time from his wife, and go chal church. Persons who have not received in skets, and then charging sword in band, to Vienna in order to consult the best medi- baptism in it, are not considered as Chris- we can put the Russians to fight and storm cal men. After eighteen months' absence, tians, nor even honoured with the name of their cainp. May Heaven preserve from finding himself perfectly recovered, he hast-such. ened back to Bukorest impatient to see his

decay our corps and our chiefs! ire shall wife, to whom he had not ceased to write, and the punctual observance of a vast num

Frequency of confession and communion, then take our pay when it is issuedl, and pass but whose letters had latterly, become much ber of fast-days, during the year, ute prescri- pressions, *as though they could by frigid

our time agreeably.” Such were their exless frequent. On his arrival he found the bed with severity. They have become the reasoning, and senseless allusions, induce nost unexpected changes in his family atfairs: most essential points of faith, and the people the Sublime Government to abandon this His wife had gone to her parents, refused to believe with confidence that an exact ad- enterprise, when the experience of two wars see him, and had already consented to marry herence to them is sufficient to expiate the had proved heyond dispute, both ihe total another! Her father, who was the chief heaviest crimes, particularly after the con- ineficieney of their services, and the feeble instigator of her sudden resolution, hadl negofessor's absolution, which, in most cases, condition of the Mahometan combinunity. tiated the second marriage, because it suited is to be obtained by the means of a good fec. his own interests.

After other arguments, the Effendi th

The legitimate husband claimed his spouse We should here have closed our no- proceeds through every possible channel ; but he was tice of Mr. Wilkinson's production, had It has happened to me a thousand times not listened to, and government declined in- it not been for a very singular paper in to find myself engaged in dispute with a terfering. The sentence of divorce was pronounced

the appendix : yiz. “ An explanation of crowd of contentious fools, who say. " by the metropolitan; and, although the the Nizam-y-gedid (the new military) there any occasion for these new troops of husband's refusal to sign the act rendered it institution," attempted to be introduced the Nyzam-y-Gedid? At the time that the

Ottonian race conquercl the world with the plea perfectly illegal, the second marriage took by the Ottoman government, translated sabre, there were no such forces. Let the

place; the ceremony was performed by the from the Turkish MS. of Ishelebi-Ef enemy present himself, and we will lay our Moldav archbishop in person, and public rejoicings fendi, a dignitary of high rank. The hands on our sabres, and at a single charge ak relikvere made on the occasion.

Effendi reasons in a manner so very make piece-meal of them Ouly let us see e promThe circumstances of this adventure were singular that he is highly amusing the intentions of our enemy, we will stora

the more remarkable, as the second husband the

to European minds, while conveying

their camp, sword in Dand, upset their Cral

from his throne, trample his <rown under tinos

i wife after sis weeks' cohabitation, when he much information ; and we have rarely saw the possibility of obtaining this lady's met with an oriental document more

* Thietities of some superior officess amonzut est, band,

full of wbjasiaality and truth, of wan-the Janissurjos.

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