77. A Chronological History of North are contiguous, parts of one and the

Erstern Voyages of Discovery, and of the same Continent.” And he observes, Early Eastern Navigations of the Rus

that his opinion“was not newly formsians. By Captain James Burney, ed, but one that was impressed on F.R.S. Payne and Foss.

other persons as well as bimself, by IN vol. LXXXVI. ii. pp. 50, 242, circumstances witnessed when in the we gave an account of Capt. Burney's sea to the North of Bering's Strait Voyages in the South Sea or Pacific with Capt. Cook in his last voyage." Ocean. Since then the Captain bas As many observations in barmony published a Chronological History of with these sentiments occur in this Voyages and Discoveries in the South volume (though the contrary opinion Sea, at the end of which he alluded is now held by many) it may be exto an opinion formerly expressed by pected, that the strongest arguments him that the Discoveries of the Rus- that can be produced in favour of sians might form a Supplement to Capt. Barney's opinion will be brought his General History. But he found it forward and illustrated in the prenecessary to abandon his desigo, be sent pages. cause he was not sufficiently acquaint- With respect to land Northward, ed with the Russian language, and when in North Lat. 70° 29', Long. 1619 because the early expeditions of the 42' West, he observes, Russians in the Eastern Sea have but

“ We plied to the Westward, making little connexion with the early Dis- short boards between the ice and the land. coveries made by other nations. For

Frequent flocks of wild ducks and geese these and other reasons, he formed were seen, and noticed to be directing the determination, and we think ju- their flight to the South. Captain Cook diciously, to give his History of the demands, • Does not this ivdicate that North-eastern Voyages of Discovery there must be land to the North where and of the early Eastern Navigation these birds find shelter in the proper seaof the Russians, as a distinct work.

son to breed, and from whence they were So much having been performed,

now returning to a warmer climate ?»» and written with respect to a North- This is the first of a number of eastern and Western passage, and Mr. circumstances noticed, all tending to Burney having lately printed his own the same point; he produces those Memoir of the Geography of the circumstances at large. This opinion, North Eastern part of Asia (from the however, is delivered only in the form Philosophical Transactions) *, and of a conjecture. He inclines to the having embodied in the present work, general belief at present, that if a Captain Cook's Voyages to the North- navigable Northern passage shall ever west coast of America, and through be found from the Atlantic to the Bering's Straits, publishes his present Pacific Ocean, the entrance into the History, we apprehend, at a very la. Pacific will be through Bering's Strait. vourable juncture ; and, from what ap- We shall not enter on a critical exapears in the narrative, it is given, not mination of these points. hastily, but after some personal ob- We present our Readers, as a speservation, and well-digesled reflection, cimen, with the following account of

From au jospection of the contents the “ luvasion of Kamtschatka ; and of the present volume it will appear, of Evidence collected concerning the that it involves much general and cu-' Discovery of Lands in the Icy Sea :" rious matter, and thai, at the same " It is said, that the Russians first heard time, from the nature of the investi- of Kamtschatka about 1690); but it is gation of Russian Discoveries, it has more probable, that they received notice of necessity a strong bearing on the of it immediately on their establishing question relating to a Northern pas

themselves on the Anadir. We find them sage. Captain Burney expresses his

at that time extending their enterprizes opinion in his memoir, read before Southward towards the Penschipska; but the Society, Dec. 11, 1817, that

no expedition along the outer coast, South" there does not exist any satisface ward, was undertaken by them till the

year 1696, when a troop of 16 Kossaks tory proof of a separation of Ame

travelled in that direction, not quite so rica and Asia, that Asia and America far as to the river since named the River

زا

1819.)
Review of New Publications.

437 returned to the Addirsk. Among the is one which was made by a Kossak named things taken by them from the Kamtscha- Nikiphor Malgin, and relates to lands in dales, were ! writings in an unknown lan. the Icy Sea. The reports concerning those guage,' afterwards ascertained to be Ja- lands had fallen into disrepute, in cousepanese.--The following year 1697, Wolo. quence of some vessels having been drie dimer Atlassow, a Kossak officer, under- ven to a considerable distance from the took, and was employed by the Jakutyk coast of the Continent in navigating beGovernment, to conquer Kamtschatka. tween the Lena and the Kolyma, without He departed from Jakutyk with few fol- any person in them seeing land to the lowers, gaining first to the Kobyma, and Nortb. Nikiphor Malgin, however, affirmthence over land to the Anadir.

A re.

ed, that some time between 1667 and port made by him of his expedition was 1675, in sailing from the River Lepa taken down in writing before one of the to the River Kolyma, he had seen an island tribunals at Moscow. He was four weeks to the North. Also, that after he arrived making his journey from the Kolyma to at the Kolyma, a merchant there, named the Agadir, but it was usually perform- Jacob Wiaetka, related to him and to ed in three. He remarks, that between others, that formerly he had sailed from the Kolyma and the Anadir there are two the Lena in company with nine vessels promontories or great capes, called the for the Kolyma, three of which' vessels Tschalatakoi Nos, and the Nos Anadir- were driven to this island, and some of the skoi ; that both these capes cannot be men belonging to them had landed, wbo doubled by any vessel, because in sum- saw there marks of the hoofs of unknown mer the Western coast of the first is animals, but no buman inhabitant; and barred with floating ice, and in winter, that these three ressels afterwards arrived the sea there is frozen ; whilst at the se- safe in the Kolyma. A person named cond, which is towards the Anadirsk, the Michailo Nasetkin deposed, that in or sea is clear and without ice. At the Ana. about 1702, being out at sea between the dirsk Fort, Atlassow was reinforced with entrances of the River Kolyma and India 60 Kossaks and a number of volunteers. girka, he had seen land to the North, and Against this force the Kamtschadales could that Danils Monasterskoi, a pilot who was make no resistance. Atlassow describes on board the same vessel with himn said, Kamtschadales to be smaller in stature that this land joined to land opposite to than the inhabitants of the countries Kamschatka. Several other reports conNorthward of them, having great beards cerning laods in the Icy Sea, which it and small faces. They lived under would be useless to mention here, are ground in winter, and during the summer found in the information collected by these months in cabins elevated above the enquiries and examinations." ground on posts to which they ascended

It may be expected that a Work by ladders. They kept animal food bu- like the present will be more parti. ried under leaves and earth, till it was

cularly adapted to naval readers; and quite putrid : they cooked it with water in earthen or wooden vessels, by putting of it more particularly being derived

that the naval language, some part in red hot stones. Their cookery,' Alasow says, “smelt so strong that a Russian from the Captain's own Journal when could vot support the odour.'

at sea, will be, as being perfectly na“ The Russian Government in Europe tural, more particularly agreeable to bad bitherto taken little interest in the af. them. As to its general character, fairs of the remote eastern provinces ; but though the Author does not affect a after the beginning of the eighteenth cen- flowery or splendid composition (nor tury, the Czar, Peter the Great, found would such have been adapted to his leisure to bestow attention on this part of subject) the style is uniformly neat, his dominions, and sent directions to the correct, and agreeable. What relates Governor of Jakutyk, to prosecute the discovery of the lands in the Icy. Sea; sian Empire, to the

begioning of the

to the general extension of the Rusand to collect information concerning the country of Kamtschatka, and the disco

intercourse of the Russians with the veries which had been made in times past. Chinese, and to Captain Cook's VoyIn consequence of these orders, many in- ages, there is throughout sufficient dividuals who had made voyages were novelty and variety to render the examined, and their depositions taken Work both amusing and instructive down in writing ; by which much curious to general Readers. matter has been preserved. Most of the examinations thus taken were lodged in 78. Gogmagog Hall, or, The Philosophical the Chancery of Jakutyk, and some years Lord and the Governess. By the Author afterwards were submitted to the inspec- of “ Prodigious !! or, Childe Padie in tion of Professor Muller. The earliest of London." In 3 volumes 8vo. Whiltathe depositions noticed in Muller's History, ker, 1819.

THE

re

more

THE Author of this entertaining vice.--Io driving a stage-coach, where Novel has endeavoured to impress the horses have tons in weight bereligious and moral sentiments, with. hiod them, every horse must be out the sermov-form of school-books. made to do bis duty. This is not He certainly is entitled to the praise always an easy maiter.

We once and the usefulness of inculcating ex

drove a pair of horses, an old mare, cellent lessons, whether in the view and a young horse, matched for patof Reason, or its sister of higber rapk. tern. The former, wherever there The forle of the Author, however, is was any bearing on the collar, would Comedy ; and though we are of opi- throw all the burden upon the latter. nion, that there is a coarseness in She was therefore to be whipped up broad humour, more fit for the cari. to ber duty. Gentlemen's carriages cature and the Drama, than the Closet, bang twelve hundred, or more, withwe own that we have been upon the out passengers, and therefore the whole much pleased. We must, stage-coach rule applies to them in however, venture upon some general. But this is not the case marks, applicable both to the serious with curricles: they are no and ludicrous parts. Without any than wheel-barrows at the borses' disrespect to a virtuous philanthro- beels, and the object there is a strict pic philosophical sect, we do not military obedience in the quadrupeds. think that there is more probity and We know an instance of a phaeton, piety in the family of a Quaker, driven twelve times in a circle, where than in that of a dignified Clergy- there was not a second rut made. man; and we are certaid, that there In all such carriages,' therefore, the is in the former a conventicle gloom, discipline of the horses is of the first which is very repelling ; nor can we

moment. This we have said for pureview in any other light the ungraceful ly good purposes ; and, for the same address, iheeing and friending, and useful warning, we beg to inform our (so far as concern the male sex at elderly Readers, that there is a beastly least) a disfiguring costume. With practice in use among our whips, this exception, and of upgraceful called “ Pickling a wig.' It is " Ibe foot-racing among girls, we respect ingenious injection of a quantity of with our Author the benevolent friend tobaccoed saliva, iu a sidelong opeEphraim, and his lovely maiden lily, ration upon the cauliflower headEllen Capper.-In the ludicrous part, covering of any venerable person, we most admire Lord Famble; the walking upon the footpath." We have driving and boxing Lord. We appre- heard, that some of our four-in-hand heod, however, that the Author knows fanaticks have had a tooth drawn, less of Tattersall's, than even our

and received lessons for instrucselves. We have been always used tion in tbis disgraceful fun, as it to the saddle; and have driven a pair has been unjustly denominated : and of horses occasionally with much we are happy in an opportunity of pleasure, but we never understood, exposing it, because it only requires ibat the Bristol mail coachman was

Jitile caution and distance to avoid it. the first whip in the kingdom ; on the We beg further to suggest to our contrary we have heard, that the Author, that "speaking evil of dig. palm is contested between the Re. pities” is not a siu committed in high gent's honorary titled Coachman and life ; and therefore wish him in fu. Mr. Matthews the comedian. Nei. ture to avoid cross-readings. We ther do we think that the power to speak this in regard ; for, with the whip off a fly from the ear of the exception of one or two tedious diaoff-leader upon the long-trot is a pro- logues, the book is a good exposure per test of the merit of driving. This of folly in an entertaining form ; and, we have always thought to consist in with a little more refinement and detwo points-making every horse do licacy, the Author may obtain a firsthis duty, and kceping them in any rank among our Novelists. track at command. Horse-flesb is a

79. Hints on the Sources of Happiness ; dear thing, and driving well an essen

Addressed to her Children by a Mother. tial thing; and as one affects our Author of “ Always Happy,” &c. 2 vopurse, and the otber our bones, we lumes, 12mo. Longman and Co. beg to edify this Author and our IT has been justly observed, that Readers wilh some short' useful ad. happiness depends more on the state

and

a

1819.]
Review of New Publications.

439 and temperament of our minds than over our appetites and passions. The on the circumstances in which we may

truth is, and it is a truth which the be placed, and consists rather in a amiable author of the work before disposition to be pleased, than in the us has very clearly demonstrated, that possession of the means from which to every condition of life there are pleasure is to be derived. Man in certain duties attached, on the dishis present state is 80 constituted, that charge of which chiefly depends the he cannot endure an uninterrupted happiness that is to be expected in

Health cannot be course of enjoyment; deprive bim of such condition. the motives to exertion, and he will preserved without temperance ; peace lose all relish for the good which of mind cannot be attained without should be its reward; exempt him piety and integrity; and competence from the necessity of encountering

can veilher be acquired nor preserved fatigue, and he will cease to find without a careful and prudent adapsolace in repose ; lavish on him all talion of means to ends. These duties the boons of nature, heightened by therefore are paramount and indisthe refinements of art, and he will pensible in all changes of state or still sigh for some gratification which circumstance, and they become more has not yet been attained, and which difficult of practice in proportion to perhaps is unattainable. Among those the strength of the temptations which who possess the united advantages of contravene them. Hence, it should rank, fortune, and high intellectual seem, that a state of opulence is to a endowments, how many are there to certain degree unfavourable to hapwhom that exalted state has proved

piness, because duty necessarily imto be a mere pre-eminence in wretch- plies a restraint on that freedom of edness ; who have passed over the

ibe will which is one of its primary wide range of pleasure till it has be- requisites. But it is on the complete come a mere routine ; who oppressed subjection of our inclinations to with ennui and dead to sympathy,

our đuties that the present writer “ view, undelighted, all delighi," and insists, as preparatory to the operaare disposed, like Hamlet, to regard tion of her system, and it is only whea “this goodly frame, the earth, as a

that subjection has been completed sterile promontory, and the brave and confirmed by habit, that the o'erhanging firmament as a foul and sources of happiness which she repestilent cougregation of vapours.” veals to us, are available. These When it is seen that men cannot be sources, which in justifying the ways happy who have the amplest means

of God to man, she shews to be of being so, how popular, yet how more vumerous and abundant than fallacious is the influence, that there those of misery, are arranged in two is vo happiness in the world. For,

classes ; the first of which compreit is the mind's disease which induces hends the blessings distributed by the those favourites of fortune to con. Almighty Parent to his creatures, sider their own sphere of existence throughout the great volume of naas joyless, and that of their fellow- Lure; and the second includes those mortals beneath them as utterly mia enjoyments which he permits and serable. Compare such a case of

sanctions in a state of society estabmorbid apathy with that of the low- lished and regulated according to his liest rustic, who gifted only with the immutable laws. ordinary functions of life, revives to We have not space to follow the a keener relish of its blessings after Author through the beautiful series a temporary privation of health : of speculations in which she developes The meanest flowret of the vale,

her theory, and inust therefore reThe simplest note that swells the gale,

fer to the work itself as well worThe common sun, the air, the skies, thy the attention of our juvenile To him are opening paradise.

readers, from the sound principles It cannot be denied tbat in the

which it inculcates, and the just and sensation here indicated there is bap luminous views of Nature which it piness, and though it may be regarded

exhibits. as accidental and transitory, yet it is a fair type of that which may be per- 80. An Inquiry illustrating the Nature of manently secured by a due exercise

Tuberculated Accretions of Serous Memof our reason, and a just controul branes, and the origin of Tubercles and

Tumours

Tumours in the different Textures of the ence of those relations which finally Body. With Engravings.

By Jobn

consummate the whole. Baron, M. D. Physician to the General Infirmary at Gloucester. pp. 307. Longa 81. Cases in Surgery : On the Malformaman and Co.

tion and Diseases of the Head ; illustratIF we put out of the question Dr. ed with Etchings. By William Wadd, Armstrong's invaluable Pathology of Esq. F. L. $. Surgeon Extraordinary to Typhus, this is one of the most im- his Royal Highness the Prince Regent, portant works for which the Media &c. &c. 4to. pp. 21; and X1. Plates, cal world is indebted, since Baillie's

Callow, Morbid Anatomy. We rise from it, THIS publication affords an addifully persuaded, that it sheds a bril- tional proof, not ooly of the great liant and permanent light upon &

skill and industry of Mr. Wadd in his very dimly-investigated, though not proper profession, but of the ability quite solitary track of medical science; also displayed in the performance of one in which mauy have seemingly the admirable Etchings. (See our vols. bewildered themselves, but none have

LXXXVI.i. 240. LXXXVIII. ii. 617.) come forth as this Author, with fixed The present little volume is the evidences of having found what he more acceptable, as “the Pathology sought. Almost he alone has been of the Brain is not only the most indestined to mature a series of ineffec feresting, but perhaps is the most tual speculations among medical phi- defective branch of medical science.” Josophers, from Boerbaave, De Haen, and ihe enquirers into the absorbent

82. The Duty and Rewards of Industry

considered. system, up to the Homes, Abernethys,

By the Rev. Isaac Barrow, Farres, and Adamses of the present

D. D. formerly Master of Trinity Col.

lege, Cambridge. Now first separately century.

published. pp. 184. Wetton and Jarvis. The hypothetical suggestions of false speculations seem to have been

WE are glad to see these excellent rigidly suppressed, and the theoreti

Discourses thus brought forward as a cal exposition of realities, in a mass

separate publication in a neat and of morbid dissections, to have been

commodious form. long premeditated before annuncia. “ Their distinguished merit has entitled tion.

them to a place among the Select SerIt will appear to the credulous like

mons of the Author lately published by placing the elephant upon the tor

the Universily of Oxford : and surely it toise, when they learn that the lu

may not unreasonably be expected that

a wide circulation of thein will tend to bercle is a transformation of that

confirm and increase, in well-disposed parasite of human organization, the minds, the influence of Industry, 'the mohydated.

ther, the nurse, and the guardian of all Eolarging occasionally from the virtues,' and even infuse some portion of magnitude of a pio’s head,” to that her spirit where unbappily it may not alof a goose's egg,” its hydatical ex- ready prevail. A farther good may pos. istence commonly finds its pereat sibly arise: the manner in which the subform surrounding obstruction. ' Hav. ject is treated may induce the Reader to

cultivate an acquaintance with other Dis. ing disfunctionized the only channel of removal (the absorbents) it sel

courses of the Author, from an attentive dom separates, but commences the adrantage and improvement."

perusal of which he cannot rise without metempsychosis joto solid lubercular structures. This explains the gene

The present Editor has judiciously ration in most instances of carcince simplified the work, and adapted it to matous, encysted tumour, lubercu- general use, by omitting the scripJar ptbysis, &c. It aiins a hard

iural authorities, and occasional quo

tations from Greek and Latin authors. blow, though perhaps not quite a fatal one, at the inflammatory theory.

“ The substance of the passages reFor the hydatical history Dr. Barop is

ferred to, if not the very mode of expresgreatly indebted to the admirable Dr. sion, is in all cases adopted by the Au

thor; and to have inseried thein in this Jenner, by this discovery rendered still more admirable. A mind of me

manual, might probably have had the ef

fect of deterring some classes of readers diocrity would have rejected the first

from a perusal of it, aud by others might conception, as will, but the disco.

have been considered, for any practical vering mind, with instinctive tenacity, purpose, as unnecessarily encumbering has an irresistible belief of the exisl. the text."