I believe, to have given way to sen- son, (for all of whom in the science timent in gazing from the tops of of the picturesque we have an esLeith and Box Hills. The elegant senlial respect, is that quality which author of the Philosophy of Nature begets the metaphysical effect, ag. (Mr. Buck) has spoken of the views sociated with the sight of pictufrom these eminences with “ simple resque objects. Consequently the sure effect” in the style of the Hel principle may be simply expressed by velic writer oo Solitude.

the phrase à la brute. It has been observed in print, that A.says, “ the Wild, or Weald, is the Chanck bury exceeds Welsli scenery: proper denomination," and Wold is the Writer seemed to think that this applied to hill only; as exemplified arose from there being no duplica- in the Fens of Lincoloshire and the ture of hills in the back ground; but Colswold of Gloucestershire. If your this certainly is a defect, and not an Årchæological readers will turn over excellence, if we reflect, that when Lye's Diction. Saxonic. Gothic. Latin. successive series of bills, in the amphi. fol. vol. ii. they will find the words theatre-like disposition, are aggran- weald and wold synonimous. dized above the anterior, the magni- Veald. A weald, wild, wold, sallus, tude must becoine more impressive sylva, nemus. to the eye, and consequently more

Veold. Sallus, campus. pxigeant to the imagination. As all Vold, a wold, sallus. objects are converted by distance consulting Collier's Hist. Geog. into ocular spectra, shape, bulk, co. Dict. vol. ii. Fol. Ed. (an old authu. Jour, and position, must impart in dif. rty) he calls it the Weld. ferent proportions different degrees of The remarks on Broadwater Church, emotion. "Welsh and Southdown sce- p. 11, by J. F. (who by the way bas nery are very different; a constant used the same signature as I subuniformity of figure pervades the for- scribed to my first communication on mer, but you cannot regard a distinct Chanckbury Hill) appear to be borprospect of mountains of the primitive rowed from the two (100) copious voor transition formations, in which Jumes of the Rev. J. Evans's Picture every individual of a chain does not of a neighbouring Watering Place. differ; it is either trapezoid, rhom. Indeed the most malerial parts were boid, oblong, or possessing some an. formerly collected by Mr. Shaw, in gular distinction, greatly varying the the “ Topographical Miscellanies, whole. In Wales, mountains of dig. 4to. Be it remembered, that I have rupted rock, with wood growing from no claim to the merit of this descriptheir very veins, acclivities whose ho. tion of Broadwater. rizon is screened from the eye with In the Tour of a late respectable sombre sylvan masses, which shelter Kentish Divine (p. 26), in speaking only nodding ruin, and the water only of the village of Nailsworth, which in security ; there the frowo bespeaks is on the Bath road from Gloucester fixation in an agilaled hour; and the and Cheltenham, he says, "Look down repose of Nature in very different fea. on the right hand; and observe a river tures to the gentle deviation from the gliding at the bottom, at the summit right line in Southern prospect. . of the rising banks of which a quan.

I have added these remarks, because tity of red and white flannels stretched every thing relative to the pictu- on frames.”- The river is merely a resque, has no longer a mere poetical succession of mill-ponds; but, being at interest; the elegant crowds who rush the bottom of a deep valley, is a high to the Banks of the Wye, to Welsh embellishment, though too artificial watering places, or to the Highlands in their cuts. It terminates a long of Scotland, derive their impulses line of valley, called the Bottoms, from that accomplished zest of Na- forming a septum between the Cotsture, which is as certain an accom. wold and Vale of Gloucester ; the plishment of genuine taste and refioe- whole, and this part especially, from meut, as colour is of light.

its umbrage and water, did it not A. enquires what is à la brute? The abound in manufactories, whiteFrench adjective brul m. c, f. signifies washed cottages, quarries of freerough; now roughness, according to stone and volite, would highly desuch critics of nature as Gilpin, Zim. serve the character given in 1797. merman, Burke, Uvedale Price, Ali- Gilpio, in his Proëinium to the W ye

Tour,

:

1819.] . Original Letter of Charles I. to the Marq. of Ormond. 217 Tour, lately edited with great im- you alreddy ; except only in some provement by Mr. Fosbrooke, speaks convenient parishes, wbere the much in equal admiration of this part of greater number ar Papists, I give you that populous and now magpificent power to permitt them to have some county.

places, wch they may use as chapells The red and white flannels were for theire devotions, if there be po cloths on the rack, as it is termed by other impediment for obtaining a the Cloth workers of this district. peace; but I will ratber chuse to sufYours, &c.

J. F. premier. fer all extremities, than ever to aban

dop my religion, and particularly ether Copy of A LETTER FROM KING to English or Irish rebells ; to wch CHARLES 1. TO THE MARQUESS OF

effect, I have com’anded Digby to ORMOND.

wryt to theire agents that were imCardif, 31 July, 1645.

ployed hither, giving you power to RMOND, it hath pleased God, cause, deliver, or suppresse the letlunes, to reduce iny affaires, of late, service : To conclude, if the Irish from a verry prosperous condition, to shall so unworthily take advantage of 80 low.aneb, as to be a perfect my weake condition, as to press me tryall of all men's integrities to me;

to that wch I cannot grant with a arrd you being a person whom I con

safe conscience, and without it to resider as most entyrly and generously ject a peace; I com’and you, if you resolved to stand & fall with your King, can, to procure a further cessation ; I doe principally rely upon you for if not, to make what devisions you your utermost assistance in my pre

can among them; and rather leave it seot hazards : I have com’anded Dig.

to the cbance of warr between them, by to acquaint you at large with all aud those forces, which you have not particulars of my condition; what I power to draw to my assistance, then have to hope, trust too, or feare; to give my consent to any such alwherein you will fynde, that if my lowance of Popery, as musi evidently expectation of relief out of Ireland, bring distruction to that professioni

, be not in some good measure, and wch, by the grace of God, I shall speedely answered, I am lykely to be ever inaintaine, through all extremi. reduced to great extremities. I hope ties: I know, Ormond, that I impose some of those expresses I sent you

a verry hard task upon you, but if God since my misfortune, by the battaile prosper me, you will be a happy and of Nazeby, ar come to you, and am glorius subject ; if otherwais, you will therfor confident, that you ar in a perishe nobly, and generously, with good forwardness for the sending over

and for bim, who is to me a considerable supply of men,

6. Your constant reall artillery, and amunition; all that I

faithfull frend, have to add is, that the necessety of

CHARLES R." your speedy performing them is made The above Letter is addressed “ For much more pressing by new disasters; the Murquis of Ormond," with two so that I absolutely comand you, seals bearing the arms of Charles in (what bazard soever that Kingdome a perfect state, on the envelope with may run by it) personally to bring me this memorandum,“31 July, 1645, by all the forses, of what sort soever you Robt. Smith, from Cardif," the two can draw from thence, and leave the last words apparently by a different Governement there (during your ab- ink. On a blank side of the Letter sence) in the fillest hands, that you are these words, shall judge, to discharge it; for 1 may not want you beere to comand

Rec 18 August those forces wch will be brought

By Robt. Smith.” from thence, and such, as from hence Probably by the Marquis of Ormond. shall be jogned to them: But you The Original of the above Letter, must not understand this as a per- which is evidently genuine, is now in mission for you to grant to the Irish the possession of Peter Oliver, Esq. (in case they will not otherwise have of Belgrave, a gentleman upwards of a peace) any thing more, in matter eighty years of age, the father of my of religion, ihan what I have allowed Vicar, wbo very politely permitted GENT. MAG. Seplember, 1819.

me

A

me to copy it. Mr. Oliver received the following line of Beaumont and it from his father, who was about Fletcher, in their' Comedy of Wit seventy-five when he died. I attest without Money : the above to be faithfully copied “ Let Mims be angry at their St. Belfrom it in every minute particular, Swagger, the mistakes, &c.

And we pass in the heat on't and be beaten." Joun Bull, M.A.

This is in Act iii. Scene 1.-The last Curate of Belgrave,

Commentator, Mr.Weber, only quotes Jan. 15, 1819. Leicestershire. this pote from the edition of 1778.

“ Some local custom, tumultuously Mr. URBAN,

Aug. 28. celebrated, is plainly alluded to in this R

EADING lately the Taming of speech. It was, we doubt not, fami

the Shrew, in Mr. Malone's edi. liarly known in the time of our aution of Shakspeare, which has Dr. thors ; but we have in vain endeaJohnson's criticisms at the end of voured to trace its menors, or discoeach play; I was induced to refer to ver its origin." the tih volume of the Tatler, that I What these Editors have failed to might judge how far the Doctor was discover, I hope will yield to your justified in his remarks on the 231st sagacity and research.

R.S. Number, page 187. His words are these : “From this play, the Tatler Mr. URBAN,

Aug. 9. formed a story, vol. iv. No. 251. T the last Quarterly Court of the It cannot but seem strange that Shakspeare should be so little known Members attendant were strikingly to the author of the Tatler, that he reminded of the many pointed and should suffer this story to be ob- prophetical passages in their respected truded upon him ; or so little known Actuary's past addresses, to keep down to the publick, that he could hope to extravagant ideas of the Society's enmake it pass upon his readers as a creasing Wealth. The utility of his real narrative of a transaction in Lin- wise admonitions about its ultimate colnshire; yet it is apparent that he distribution amongst future claims was deceived, or intended to deceive, has been illustrated in a curious and that he knew not himself whence the alarming manner: what less than a story was taken, or hoped that he most mistaken conviction of super: might rob so obscure a writer with. abundant funds could offer to alieout delection." Now, Mr. Urban, oate 50,0001. at a throw ? it was ne owing to the trifling Erratum of No. gatived ; true - but not with an in251 for 231, I was at first unable to diguation, such total disregard to the find it, and consequently referred to real objects of this lastitution should the Index, but in vain. The omis- excite. sion could not be accidental, as the That deep Roman curse, ". Ultimus short Letter, at the conclusion of the suorum moriatur," impending posstory, on another subject is thus no- sibly over his waining years, bad em. ticed in the table of contents.

• Let

bittered or obliterated all feeliog for ter-With a Present of Wine, p. 187." others; who io a momentary fit are How truly has Mr. Murphy observed, to give up a provision for wives and in his Life of the great Moralist, children, as useless in their case, bethat “ No man thought more pro- cause unhappily now needless in his foundly, nor with such acute discerna owo! Or, this proposer, like Wils ment. A fallacy could not stand be. liain the Conqueror, pay stand the fore him !" That the Tatler intended First of his family, and may have ento deceive, is too apparent I fear, and dured through domestic calamity that the omission in the Index corrobo- universally deprecated misery of exrates Dr. Johnson's remarks.

pectation to fall the Last of it. Yours, &c.

G. W. L. Be this as it may, accumulation

beyond necessity carries danger. Our Mr. UABAN,

Aug. 21. approaching decennial arrangements As you and your coadjutors are will, I trust, make farther guard

unrivalled in Topographical against any kind of expenditure foknowledge, and local customs, 1 hope reign to the fundamental purposes you may be able to inform an old of so meritorious and admired an IniCorrespondent what is alluded to in slitution.

Avus.

Mr.

a

1819.) Hints to Hangmen. - On Political Economy. 219 Mr. URBAN,

Aug. 17. vations of the poor may be diminished, I have lately seen some painful ac- and their sufferiogs alleviated, has

counts of the protraction of mi- long occupied the attention of several sery to men condemped to the Gal- persons of true benevolence, though lows, by the extension of the rope in iheir number has been comparatively such a manner that their legs have small. The pressure and increasing reached the ground. Immediately weight of the poor-rates bear so hard the mob have rushed in to lift

ар

the on the middling and higher classes, pendent man, while the executioner that the relief of the poor has for bas contracted the rope. To prevent some time become a fashionable toibe confusion and distress bence aris. pic of conversations and any one ing, 1 beg to propose a simple plan, who should attempt to discuss the by wbich the sufferer may be imme- general subject, when some pathetic diately put out of pain. Let a spare sentiment on the miserable state of rope be provided and thrown over the poor, or apparently earnest wish the top of the gallows, so long as to for its amendment is ullered, runs the reach the ground on each side; let risk of being branded as a monster, one end have a noose, and if the or at least a stupid, unfeeliog sot. man's legs should touch the grouod, But if we examine these effusions of this noose may be immediately slip- fashion by their effects, they will geped round his ancles, and by pulling nerally be found deficient of any real at the other end, his legs would be priuciples certain sentiments being lifted from the ground, so that the expressed, or actions done, merely body would swing : the rope should because others do or ulter them. be put with the pouse on the side of This is strictly applicable to the prethe gallows to which the back of the sent cant phrase relief of the poor ; sufferer is turned, so that the legs for on investigation it will unqueswould bead up as in the posture of tionably be found, that not one per kneeling upon pulling the rope. This son of many thousands has ever ac. would be done in a quarter of a mi. tually thought on the subject. nute, and I cannot see any objection It is true, the general pressure of to its being adopted.

the poor-rates has engaged the seYours, &c.

SIMPLEX. rious attention of many; and that

they, on whom these rates are levied, Mr. URBAN,

Sept. 4. are anxious to have the poor placed

in such situations, as to be able to justly deemed a subject of the support themselves, is abundantly evibighest importance in all ages and dent; but it is not the relief of the countries of the world, and still de. poor, that is their object; it is to serves the most serious consideration. devise means, by which they themselves From the great differeoce in the men- may be relieved from the payment of tal and physical powers of individuals, the rates; while every effort to atit is evident, that some are formed tain this desirable purpose is clogged hy nature to rule, and others to serve. by the futilę attempt to couple with in the art of governing and being go. it abjectly mean and slavish submisverned, the great difficulty consists sion. These, however, are things, in forming the arrangements so, that which it is absolutely impossible to all parts may harmonize together; unite in one person. Not that renand this cannot be affected, unless the dering the poor comfortable will make minds of all, or at least the far greater them rebellious or refractory ; quite number be satisfied, that the methods

the reverse.

Only let them see that pursued are those calculated to pro their relief is the real object, and that duce the largest portion of happiness they are considered as human beings with the least of evil or misery. The by their superiors, they will yield present state of the United Kingdom willing obedience, and rely with conpresses the subject closely on the inind fidence on those whom they see fulof every man susceptible of feelings filling their promises : but while it is and, as truth is most likely to be eli. evident that their benefit is not the cited by discussion, the humblest in; purpose in view, their minds cannot dividual may contribute something be expected to be pliant. Were the toward it.

relief of the poor the object in reality To devise means by which the pri. sought, it could not fail to be accome

plished;

plished; for the means of affecting it alarming exteot. Taking the parish are as ample, as the wills of many of where I was born, and the four adthose who possess these means are joining parishes, at their computed stubborn, despotic, and hypocritical; population, redt-roll, and number of which they attempt to cover by the acres ; supposing these to be a fair grimace of voluminous legislation, in sample of the United Kingdom, which name for the relief of the poor, but from a cursory personal view of alin fact for the relief of the rich. most every county in England, and Hence every session of parliament several counties in Scotland, I am ingraces the statute-book with many clined to think thein ; it would readditional acts of pluoder, otherwise quire a sum of fifty millions sterling called enclosing bills. Of these, in a at least, to rebuild the small farmhuodred and tifteen years we have houses and cottages, exclusive of their had no less than 3646, for enclosivg fences, that have been thrown down 6,450,104 acres *, in England oily. and removed between the years aboveIt is not, however, the enclosing

mentioned. The persons who inhasimply, that is the evil, for this is bited these have gone into villages calculated to be highly advantageous and manufacturing towns, or into ibe to both poor and rich, but the con- army or pavy. Those of the latter struction of these Bills, and the man.

who survive are now returned to their ner of enclosing, which reuder them native land; which, added to the a system of plupdering the poor, by failure of employment for the fordepriviog them of the privilege of mer, may be well supposed to create common, that previously contributed the great distress at present felt in to the support of many families, who almost every part of the country. are now maintained in ihe workhouse. Where many small farms have been This, forsooth, is relieving the poor,

thrown into one, the houses, farmby robbing them of what little they buildings, and cottages, have been have, and for no other reason but demolished, their foundations razed, because they are poor ; while those many of the fences and drains ploughed who are rich, or comparalively so,

up, and the manure from the old have more given to them, or in other houses, &c. spread over the ground. the portions of the poor di

Owing to this abundant manure and vided among them. If, instead of fresh soil, the land has yielded for two this, when an enclosure takes place, or tbree years very luxuriant crops the poor man, who had the privilege of corn, &c. : but, ihis manure being of common for a few geese, a cow,

exhausted ; the situation being orior an ass, were to have a small por- ginally on the skirts of the larger tion of the enclosed common allotted farms, or inferior ground, as many to bim, in proportion to the number little farms and must cottages geneof animals for which he had the privi- rally are; the land now unsheltered, lege of common, the condition of the and at a distance from the farm-yard poor would in fact be improved, pot so that little manure can be obtained injured by it. The poor, it is true,

for it, does not in most cases yield could not pay any part of the expense

corn adequate to the expense of til. of the enclosure: this, therefore, lage. Hence it is left waste, and af. ought to be paid either by the persons fords but a very scanty produce of introducing the Bill, or by sale of grass. part of the enclosed land: if the for- There are many situations where mer, the poor man would be entitled but a few years ago several families to a larger portion of the land; but lived

lived in comfort, and a certain degree for this he should be charged with a of respectability, by their industry, , yearly rept, equal to the interest of many of whom are now inmates of the money, which the portion of land work houses, while the seat of their allotted him should have paid. old residence yields pol one shilling

The reverse of this, however, has an acre annually. A very great numbeen the plan purslied for several ber, if not the larger proportion of years. Removing the cottages and These in sterile situations yield pot one ibe little farmers has proceeded to an

tenth of what their old tenants now

cost the parish in the workhouse. * See McWilliain's Essay on Dry Rot,

This has been the state of the proAppendix, p. 293.

gressive improvement of the country

for