at whom it was levelled: it consisted simply new device to impress knowledge upon the | altogether omitted heraldry, as a subject of no in applying to Mr. Silver the old proverb, which youthful mind is deserving of encouragement; consequence in the eyes of so new a nation as states that all is not gold that glitters,' and and those who agree with us, that visible the United States: this is rather characteristic. in pronouncing it according to the orthography representations are powerful aids to memory, We have also been amused with some of the of former days." will be much pleased by this work. With references, such as " Act of Faith, see InquiAlas! poor author, where be his gibes now, regard to its literary portion, and the useful sition;""Actors, see Actresses," &c. The his flashes of merriment that were wont to set addition of categorical examinations upon the volume extends from the letter A to the word the table in a roar?-quite chap-fallen. text, we can honestly say that they are well" battle;" and is, altogether, a well-executed calculated to inform and improve the mind. The Miscellaneous Works of Joseph Addison, The Treasury of Knowledge, Part I.; being History of France and Normandy, from the The Log-Book, or Nautical Miscellany. 8vo. Sons. |design, and replete with information judiciously compressed. Such biographical sketches as it contains (Joel Barlow, for example), are well done, and add much to the value of the work for English readers. A History of English Gardening, &c. By G. W. Johnson. 8vo. pp. 445. London, 1830. Baldwin and Cradock. A VERY meritorious volume, with interesting historical details, literary notices of authors on gardening, and much useful information. The account of horticulture in England, from the earliest ages, will be perused with particular satisfaction. A Compendium of Modern Geography, &c., with ten Maps. By the Rev. A. Stewart. Edinburgh, Oliver and Boyd. A SECOND edition of an excellent class-book, carefully revised and improved. A Concise System of Mathematics, in Theory and Practice. By Alexander Ingram. Same publishers. Also a second edition, and meriting similar praise. ARTS AND SCIENCES. ANCIENT AND MODERN EGYPT. M. Champollion's Eighteenth Letter-continued. ime, the name and representation of the queen, I FOUND in the second picture, for the first the wife of Touthmosis III. This princess, called Rhamaithé, and bearing the title of royal spouse, accompanies her husband, making rich offerings to Amon-Ra the generator. The queen re-appears also in two pictures ornaat the back of the building. truly stating that it is an admirable library of Sea, the humours of sailors, anecdotes, ghost-menting one of the small halls on the left, reference; and, as Hunt chalks the walls about his blacking, the cheapest and best" we have ever seen. Xeno Family Classical Library, No. 111. Iconology: or, Emblematic Figures explained; in Original Essays on Moral and Instructive Subjects. By W. Pinnock, author of Pinnock's Catechisms, &c. 12mo. pp. 420. London, 1830. J. Harris. the world. It is more amusing, than correct well suited to the end of its concoction. My Own Story: a Tale of Old Times. 18mo. A SIMPLE little narrative, but possessing all The last six halls of the palace are covered with bas-reliefs of the epoch of Touthmosis 1., Touthmosis II., Queen Amensé, and her son Touthmosis III., defaced with much care; as well as all the pedestrian figures representing this prince, whose memory was thus proscribed. The founding of this edifice goes back, therefore, to the earliest years of the eighteenth century before Christ. It is consequently natural, in examining it carefully, to meet with several restorations, which are, besides, announced by inscriptions fixing their epoch, and naming their authors. Such are: 1st. The restoration of the doors and of a part of the ceiling of the great hall, by Ptolemy Evergetes II., between the years 146 and 118 before our era. Encyclopædia Americana. Edited by Francis Lieber, assisted by E. Wigglesworth. 8vo. Vol. I. pp. 616, in double columns. Philadelphia, Carey, Lea, and Carey. THIS is the beginning of an important and 2dly. Repairs made about the year 392 laudable undertaking; and such as, if skilfully before our era, to the columns of the protoand industriously conducted to an end, of doric order which support the ceilings of the which the volume before us gives fair promise, galleries, under the Pharaoh Mendesien HaTHE scope and execution of this book are not is likely to redound to the credit of American coris. The stones of a small building raised by very easily to be described; or rather, a com-literature. A popular dictionary, founded on the Princess Neitcoris, the daughter of Psamplete description of them would occupy far the German Conversations-Lexicon, and con-metichus II., have been used for this purpose. more of our space than we can allot to such a sequently embracing all the latest knowledge 3dly. All the sculptures of the higher façades, publication. Seventy two engravings (stated to of Europe, and containing also a copious col south and north, executed in the reign of be) from ancient designs, present us with lection of original articles in American bio- Rhamses-Meïamoun, in the fifteenth century allegorical pictures of the elements, the seasons, before our era. the muses, the arts, the passions, vices, virtues, &c. &c. &c., and each of these is explained in a very instructive manner. Every graphy, and other American topics, must re- These last embellishments, the most ancient and the most noticeable of all, were no doubt ordered for the purpose of connecting, by deco ration, the little palace of Moris with the great Palace of Rhamses-Meïamoun, which with its appurtenances covers almost the whole of the mound of Medinet-Habou. It is here, in fact, that are to be found the most remarkable works of that Pharaoh, one of the most illustrious among the sovereigns of Europe, and whose great military exploits have been confounded with those of Sesostris, or Rhamses the Great, by ancient authors and modern writers. An edifice of a moderate extent, but rendered singular by its unusual forms, the only one which among all the Egyptian monuments can give an idea of what a private dwelling was in those ancient periods, first attracts the traveller's attention. The plan which the authors of the great Description of Egypt published of it, gives an exact conception of the general disposition of these two massives of pylons, united to a great pavilion by constructions turning on themselves en équerre. I must confine myself to the curious bas-reliefs and inscriptions sculptured on all the surfaces. moun. 6 The chief of the country of Moschausch, in | of which the following are the first six coAsia. lumns: An analogous picture and base ornament "Amon-Ra has said, My son, my chethe anterior face of the left massive; but here rished seed, master of the world, the guardian all the captives are Asiatic chiefs. They are sun of justice, the friend of Ammon, all strength arranged in the following order: belongs to thee throughout the earth, the naThe chief of the wicked race of the country tions of the north and of the south are beaten of Scheto, or Cheta. under thy feet; I deliver up to thee the chiefs of the southern countries; lead them into captivity, and their children after them; dispose of all the riches in their countries; let those among them who are willing to submit to thee continue to breathe; and punish those whose hearts are against thee. I have also delivered up to thee the north..... chasm); the red earth (Arabia) is under thy sandals, &c. &c.' ” The chief of the wicked race of the country The lord of the country of Fekkaro. The lord of the country of Scha... (the rest The lord of the country of Touirscha, a maritime country. The lord of the country of Pa... (the rest is destroyed.) queror, 1 66 (a A large, but very much defaced stela, proves that these conquests took place in the eleventh The sculptures on the massives of the first pylon on the side of the court refer to the same year of the reign of Rhamses-Meïamoun. They relate to a campaign against the Asiatic nations called Moschansch. On the thickness of the left massive, Rham-year of the king's reign. ses-Meïamoun, helmed, his quiver on his shoulder, conducts groups of prisoners of war to the feet of Amon-Ra. The god says to the conGo, possess thyself of countries; The principal entrance looks on the Nile. reduce their strong places, and lead their chiefs We first turn round two great massives, form- into slavery!" Masses of heaped ruins cover all the lower ing a species of false pylon, partly buried in The correspondent massive, and the parts of part of the pylon, and in a very great measure hillocks, proceeding from the ruins of modern the dwelling which unite the pylon to the grand bury the magnificent colonnade which ornahabitations. Towards the top runs an anagly-pavilion at the back, are covered with sculp-ments the left side of the court, as well as the phic frieze, composed of the combined elements tures, the details of which are too long to be gallery supported by caryatides, forming itself of the royal legend of Rhamses, the eldest son given here. There are windows ornamented the court of the right side. To clear away and immediate successor of Rhamses-Meia- both outside and in, with much taste; and bal- this part of the palace would be a very expen "Sun, the guardian of truth, proved conies supported by savage prisoners, whose sive undertaking; but its certain result would by Ammon." There are besides on these bodies start half out of the wall. be to restore to the admiration of travellers massives pictures of adoration of the same The interior of the great pavilion, divided two galleries in the most complete preservaepoch, and two windows, bearing on their into three floors, is ornamented with bas- tion, of columns covered with bas-reliefs, and case the winged disc of Hat, and on their reliefs, representing the domestic life of Rham- with rich ornaments, all the splendour of the jambs the royal legends of Rhamses-Meïamoun. ses-Meïamoun. I am in possession of correct colours of which still exist; and, finally, a Sun, the guardian of truth, and the friend drawings of all these interesting pictures; numerous series of large historical pictures. I among which are- the Pharaoh, waited upon was obliged to content myself with copying by the ladies of the palace, taking his repast, the dedicatory inscriptions which cover the playing with his little children, or engaged two friezes and the architraves of the elegant with the queen in a game analogous to check, columns, the capitals of which are in imitation &c. &c. The exterior of this pavilion is cover- of the full-blown flower of the lotus. ed with legends of the king, or with basreliefs commemorative of his victories. of Ammon." The door which separates these structures belongs to the reign of a third Rhamses, Meïamoun's second son, "the lord sun of truth, beloved of Ammon." In the interior of this little court rise two massives of pylons, ornamented, as well as the constructions which unite them to the great pavilion, with anaglyphic friezes, bearing the legend of the founder, Rhamses-Meïamoun, and bas-reliefs of great interest, because they illustrate the conquests of that Pharaoh. At the bottom of this first court rises a second pylon, ornamented with sculptured By following the principal axis of these colossal figures; as every where else, relieved curious structures, we at length arrive before from the mould. They record the triumphs the first pylon of the grand and magnificent of Rhamses-Meïamoun in the ninth year of palace of Rhamses Meiamoun; of which the his reign. The king, his head crowned with edifice just described is only a simple depend- the insignia of Ammon's eldest son, enters ence and notification. the temple of Amon-Ra, and the goddess The anterior face of the right massive is almost entirely occupied by a colossal figure of Here every thing assumes a colossal propor- Mouth, leading three columns of prisoners of the conqueror, lifting his battle-axe over a tion. The exterior faces of the two enormous war, beardless, and chained in various posigroup of bearded prisoners, whose locks are massives of the first pylon, entirely covered tions. These nations, belonging to the same grasped by his left hand. The god Amon-Ra, with sculptures, record the exploits of the race, are named Schakalascha, Taônaou, and also of colossal stature, presents to the con- founder of the building; not only by vague Pourosato. Several travellers, on examining queror the divine falchion, saying to him, and general pictures, but further by the images the countenances and the costume of these "Take this weapon, my beloved son, and and names of conquered nations, and by those captives, have believed that they recognised smite the chiefs of foreign countries!" of the conqueror, and of the protecting divi- in them Hindoo nations. On the right masThe base of this vast picture is composed of nity who gives him the victory. On the left sive of this pylon was an enormous inscription, the chiefs of the nations subjugated by Rhamses- massive is represented the god Phtha-Socharis, three-fourths of which are now destroyed by Melamoun, on their knees, their arms fast- delivering up to Rhamses-Meiamoun thirteen fractures and excavations. From what still ened behind their backs by bonds, which, ter-Asiatic countries; the names of which, for exists of it, I see that it related to the expediminated by a tuft of papyrus, or by a lotus the most part preserved, are sculptured on the tion against the Schakalaschas, the Fekkaros, flower, indicate whether the individual is an cartels serving as shields to the enchained na- the Pourasatos, the Taônaous, and the OusAsiatic or an African. tions. There is a long inscription, the first chaschas. There is also a reference in it to These captive chiefs, whose dresses and eleven lines of which are in a tolerable state of the countries of Aumôr and Oreksa, as well countenances are very varied, shew, with com-preservation, and inform us that these con- as to a sea-fight. plete truth, the features of the face, and the quests took place in the twelfth year of the particular vestments of every one of the nations reign of that Pharaoh. A magnificent door of rose granite unites the two massives of the second pylon. Picwhom they represent. Hieroglyphic legends In the great picture on the right massive, tures of the worship in various forms of give in succession the name of every nation. the god Amon-Ra, under the form of Phre- Amon-Ra, and Phtha, ornament its jambs; Two have entirely disappeared; those which hieracocephalous, gives the falchion to the at the bottom of which are two dedicatory remain, to the number of five, announce- warrior Rhamses, to smite twenty-nine nations inscriptions, declaring that Rhamses-MeïaThe chief of the country of Kouschi, the of the north or of the south. Nineteen names moun consecrated this great door of beautiful wicked race, (Ethiopia,) in Africa. of countries or cities still remain; the rest granite to his father Amon-Ra, and that the have been destroyed by rendering the pylon folds of it were so richly ornamented with prethe support of modern hovels. The king of cious metals that Amon-Ra himself delighted the gods addresses Meïamoun in a long speech, in its contemplation. The chief of the country of Terosis, in Africa. After passing through this door, we find ourselves in the second court of the palace, in which Pharaonic grandeur exhibits itself in all its splendour. No one, who has not seen it, can have an idea of the majestic effect of this peristyle, supported at the east and at the west by enormous colonnades; at the north by pillars, against which lean colossal caryatides, and at the south by other pillars and caryatides, behind which appears a second colonnade. The whole is loaded with sculptures, covered with colours still very brilliant. It is to this place that the systematic enemies of pointed architecture ought to be sent in order to convert them. CELESTIAL PHENOMENA FOR MARCH. 9d the Moon will be eclipsed, invisible at Greenwich, partial to eastern Europe and Africa, and total to nearly the whole of the empire of China; to the city of Canton the eclipse will be visible from its commencement to its termination, and nearly as remarkable to the inhabitants of the eastern hemisphere as the lunar eclipse of the ensuing September will be to the western hemisphere. 28d 10h 54mthe moon will make a near appulse to Alde baran. first to heat and vapourise equal weights of each, and then produce equal volumes of the vapour of each, at the same pressures. For this purpose the various data furnished in philosophical works on the capacity for heat, latent the result turned out, that for an equal force of heat, &c. of these substances were taken; and vapour, alcohol would be more expensive, as regarded fuel, than water; and ether, on the other hand, more than alcohol, even though ether and alcohol were furnished as abundantly from natural sources as water. Viewed in this way, and arguing from analogy only, Mr. Ainger also concluded that no reasonable the condensed gases presented themselves. expectations of an economical application of from the Sun (27° 30′), and visible as a morn-succession several fluids, boiling at different 104 Mercury at his greatest elongation economising the expense of fuel, by using in The lecturer proposed a scheme for greatly ing star. 15d - in aphelio. in literature and arts; amongst them a proof In the library were many interesting works of Raimbach's beautiful etching of Wilkie's Parish Beadle. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. NOTWITHSTANDING the severity of the passing winter, and the few indications which the earth at present exhibits of returning spring, we 7d 3h 45m-Venus in her inferior conjunc-selves fitted for this purpose, we think it untemperatures; but as no fluids present themare nevertheless forcibly reminded by the advance tion, in which position she may be seen with a of the northern signs towards the sun, and the delicate curve of her southern limb illuminated, necessary to dwell upon the principle. return of the southern to the eastern horizon, passing to the north of the sun: after this day that the time of the singing of birds is at hand, Venus will continue a morning star till near and that the face of nature will soon resume its the termination of the year. 27d-stationary. vernal beauty. Aries is advancing towards the 18d a beautiful combination of the Moon, west, followed by Taurus, to receive the glo- Jupiter, and Mars; the two latter in conjuncrious sun, which, from amidst their quenched tion about noon of the 19th, separated from DR. HENDERSON in the chair. Mr. Gordon brilliancy, will diffuse the genial warmth of each other 40'. spring, and the more fervid heat of summer. with 776 Mayer: difference of latitude 24'. 21d Mars in conjunction presented a final report on the state of the Orion is bowing his splendid form westward Society's affairs; it confirmed the amount of The Asteroids.. These small planets are, debt, rated the income at 60007., and the exof the meridian, and will soon appear with during this and the succeeding month, all morn- penditure, by retrenchment and economy, at feeble beams, as if reclining on the rosy twi-ing stars; Ceres to the north of 6 Libræ, Pallas 40004, leaving a surplus of 20001. per annum to light of evening after the vigilance of the long near a Serpentis, Juno to the north of the two pay debts. Passing over a variety of minor and dreary night of winter. The Virgin and stars in the head of the Goat, and Vesta near details, the report recommended the Society to the Balance, as they approach the mid-heaven, the girdle of Aquarius. revive the recollections of the bending corn abandon its botanical pursuits (cultivation of and the bounteous fruits of the autumnal seaculture. The report further stated, that Mr. flowers ?), and confine itself entirely to hortison. These, or similar associations, united the cultivation of the science of astronomy with the Sabine had signified his intention of resigning; pursuits of the remotest ages of antiquity: the and spoke of the propriety of appointing a paid courses of the stars regulated the wanderings Secretary in his place. It was ordered to be of the pastoral tribes, marked the seasons of printed, that the Fellows of the Society might be better able to discuss its contents at the next seed-time and harvest, indicated the observance of their religious festivals, and the period of the meeting. performance of their civil duties. The Hyades (termed by Virgil Tristes Hyades,) were considered the precursors of the rainy season; the approach of the Sun to the Pleiades was the signal for the mariner to rouse from his inactivity and launch forth his bark, which had been laid up during the season of wintry storms; the overflowing of the Nile was indicated by the rising of Sirius, and the retreat of its waters by Aquarius; the labours of the vintage, and the re-appearance of Arcturus, are thus referred to by Hesiod: "Now rosy-fingered Morn 20d 14h 32m-the Sun is vertical to the equator, and passing from the southern to the northern hemisphere. This transit of the equinoctial occurs now in Pisces: it is 2260 years since the equinoctial colure passed through Arietis, and 4930 years since Aldebaran in Taurus commenced the astronomical year and led the zodiacal train; consequently the first of Aries, as applied to the vernal equinox, is an astronomical fiction, and only employed now for tabular convenience. 242 44 15-the Sun eclipsed, invisible at Greenwich: in high south latitudes half the dise will be obscured. Lunar Phases and Conjunctions. > First Quarter in Cancer O Full Moon in Leo... Last Quarter in Sagittarius r. H. M. 9 1 8 2 1 31 17 5 36 24 2 44 First Quarter in Gemini...... 30 18 58 of Sagittarius, and unites its splendour with Eclipses of the Satellites. space LITERARY AND LEARNED. ROYAL SOCIETY. D. H. M. 8. First Satellite, immersion .. 4 17 43 34 Third Satellite, emersion.... 25 16 55 4 Saturn is the only planet of the system that is not, this month, a morning star. As a telescopic object, it affords a constant source of gratification; its position is now favourable for a distinct view of its orb and belts, the opening between the ring and the orb, the dark THE President in the chair.-An important between the rings, the form of the double ring, paper by Davies Gilbert, Esq. was read; entitled and the shadow it casts on the planet: a com- "On the efficiency of steam-engines." Four parison also may be made between the relative gentlemen were proposed, and several elected brightness of its respective parts; the exterior Fellows. Amongst the presents were the 84th ring is superior in brilliancy to the interior, vol. of the Flora Batava, from the King of the and both exceed the planet in brightness. The Netherlands; the 11th No. of the National fourth satellite is generally visible with a telescope of moderate power; the existence of the seventh satellite is doubted by some astronomers. Uranus is visible among the small stars in the neck of the Goat. Deptford. ROYAL INSTITUTION. MR. AINGER endeavoured to point out certain paper on the Compound Achromatic Micro- scopes, consisting of a combination of objectglasses of short focus and large aperture, the curvatures of which are such as very nearly to The two 1. Modern Athens! or, Edinburgh in the Nineteenth Century. Part I. 2. Views of the Cities of Bath and Bristol. From Drawings by Mr. T. H. Shepherd; with Historical, &c. Illustrations, by John Britton, Esq. F.S.A. &c. Part I.-3. Views of the Seats, Mansions, Castles, &c. of Noblemen and Gentlemen, in England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland. With similar IllusPart I. Jones and Co. equalise the refractions produced by each. As cil, admissible with high powers by a single seldom been surpassed; in his drawing, and the magnitude of the aperture, he observes, is achromatic object-glass, is, that the correction more especially in his drawing of the features, valuable only in proportion to that of the pen- for spherical aberration by the concave lens is it is not too much to say he has never been cil of light which it admits, the latter circum- proportionally greater for the rays that are surpassed. No artist ever had a more exquisite stance is that which chiefly claims attention; remote from the centre, than for the central sense of the refined in form; the porte-crayon and as it is often erroneously estimated, a rays. The degree of confusion in the image of no artist was ever more obedient and happy method is pointed out of ascertaining it with hence arising is, in similar glasses, inversely in the delineation of it. Look at the admisufficient exactness for every practical purpose. as the square of their focal lengths. It in-rable marking in all his faces;-the eyelids, He then enters into a detailed description of creases very rapidly with a small enlargement the eyebrows, the cartilaginous parts of the the several parts of an instrument in his pos- of the aperture, but may be rendered much nose, the undulation of the mouth, the general session, constructed on the principles he re- less considerable by distributing the refractions contour. In the hands of other painters, ay, commends, referring to the drawings which equally among a greater number of lenses of and able painters too, how rarely is it that accompany the paper. The magnifying power smaller curvature. Hence the advantage ob. a countenance of high beauty and delicate may be varied at pleasure, either by drawing tained by certain combinations. The experi- expression does not suffer some degradation ! out the tubes containing the eye-pieces, or by ments made by the author have established the It was precisely in treating such countenances substituting an eye-glass of different power or fact, that in general an achromatic object- that Sir Thomas Lawrence's pencil luxuriated; differently combined; and by these changes an glass, of which the inner surfaces are in con- and triumphantly exhibited, in every touch, uninterrupted range of amplification is ob- tact, will have on one side of it two aplanatic the elegant correctness of his perceptions, and tained from 35 to 800 diameters. No sen- foci in its axis, for the rays proceeding from the perfect cultivation of his taste. sible loss as to distinctness is observable, which, it will be truly corrected with a mo- drawings, the titles of which are at the head whether the effect is produced by changing derate operation; that for those proceeding of this notice, are fascinating specimens of his the eye-piece or varying the length of the from any part of the interval between these powers in that respect. They have been charmtubes. The construction of the instrument two points, the spherical aberration will be ingly engraved by Mr. Lewis. admits of the utmost variation of magnifying over corrected; and that for rays beyond these power, without the risk of losing sight of the limits it will be under corrected. Methods object viewed; and every part which relates are pointed out for ascertaining the situation to the illumination being wholly detached of these aplanatic foci. The principle here from the stage, ample opportunity is afforded explained furnishes the means of destroying of rapidly moving the objects, and bringing both kinds of aberration in a large focal pencil, into view a succession of them, while the light and of thus surmounting what has hitherto remains the same. Minute directions are given been a chief obstacle to the perfection of the for the employment of the instrument, and its microscope. application to various purposes; and great stress is laid on the importance of a skilful | management of the light. In stating the re- ON Thursday last, Mr. Hamilton, V. P., in the sults of his experience on this subject, the chair.-A paper was read by Mr. Kempe, "On author takes occasion to advert to some of the some ancient paintings on panel remaining in sources of fallacy, by which incautious ob- the Baston Manor-House, near Keston in Kent, servers with the microscope have so often been with observations on the practice of painting greatly misled. When a pencil of rays pro- wainscoted apartments with historical subjects, ceeding from an indefinitely small bright por- previous to the introduction of tapestry." Also tion of an object are brought to a focus by some incidental remarks on the use of earthern the most perfect object-glass, the image thus wine-pots before glass came into general use, formed is in reality not a point, but a small as applied to drinking-vessels. circle, and will always appear as such, if the eye-glass of the microscope be sufficiently powerful. These circles have a considerable THE first two months' of this publication havanalogy to the spacious discs of stars viewed ing been completed, it would be a sacrifice of through telescopes. Like the latter, they be- our opinion to ultra-delicacy were we altogecome much enlarged by diminishing the aper- ther to avoid calling our readers' attention to ture of the object-glass; and they are also it, and warmly recommending it to general enlarged by increasing the intensity of the illu- favour. But in doing so, we shall not need to mination. The overlapping of contiguous cir- enter upon its claims to public patronage, as cles of diffusion has given rise to many falla- the publisher's advertisement in our last page cious appearances; such as the spottiness which says all we could wish to state of the various some surfaces assume, and which have been and interesting matters which it has compremistaken for globules. This optical illusion hended within only eight of its earliest Numbers. has been the basis of some ingenious but vi- If these do not seem to merit a wide circulasionary speculations on the intimate structure tion, we should be sorry that any praise of ours of organic matter. The appearance in certain led to the disposal of a single sheet; though we directions of the light of lines on the surface certainly think the mass of information both of an object where they do not really exist, instructive and entertaining. may be traced to a similar cause. The author proceeds to describe the method he uses for measuring the dimensions of the objects viewed; and notices different test objects with reference to their affording the means of judging of the powers of the instrument. He next enters into a review of the comparative merits of various microscopes constructed by Cuthbert and Dollond in this country, and by Chevalier, Selligue, Amici, Utschneider, and Franhofer, on the continent. The concluding part of the paper is occupied by the developement of a principle, from the application of which to the construction of the microscope, the author expects that a still greater extension of its powers will, ere long, be obtained. He remarks, that the circumstance which limits the magnitude of the pen SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES. THE FOREIGN LITERARY GAZETTE. FINE ARTS. NEW PUBLICATIONS. trations. THREE topographical works from the same spirited publishers; got up in a style of great elegance, and reflecting high credit on all the parties concerned in them. MR. HAYDON'S GALLERY. Eucles Punch. ON Saturday last Mr. Haydon opened his Gallery at the Western Exchange to the lovers and patrons of art; and on Monday to the public at large. It gives us great pleasure to say, that we consider his two new pictures as among the best and most striking of his productions. On entering the room in which they are placed, we found ourselves in the situation in which Sir Joshua has represented Garrick, struggling between Tragedy and Comedy. In our case, however, the severer Muse was triumphant. Mr. Haydon's "Eucles" is Atheniensium; in which it is related, that as founded on a passage in Plutarch's De Gloriá soon as the victory of Marathon was achieved by the Greeks, an Athenian soldier ran, wounded and exhausted as he was, to the city; and, having announced the welcome news, instantly dropped dead. Of the manner in which Mr. Haydon has treated this heroic sub ject we cannot give a more adequate idea than by quoting a part of his own description : "In the centre is Eucles, pale, wounded, and dying; his eye half closed; the hand which holds the shield relaxing; his limbs The Marquess of Douglas and Clydesdale, and tottering; and, the honour of the soldier stithe Lady Susan Hamilton, Son and Daughter mulating him to the last, he grasps with dying of his Grace the Duke of Hamilton. Miss energy the broken Persian standard he has Bloxam, Niece of the late Sir Thomas fought for and brought triumphantly from the Lawrence. Engraved by F. C. Lewis, from field. He has, as a last effort, lifted his arms Drawings by Sir T. Lawrence, P.R.A. as he shouted, Hail, we triumph!' but his Moon, Boys, and Graves. IT is generally allowed, that among the various strength has failed, and his whole weight is thrown on the right leg and bent knee and foot, which are doubled up as he falls. It has been attempted to give him the look of a soldier fresh from a fierce fight: his helmet is cleft in, - his crest is shivered, his sword is displaced, and in the contest he has lost one sandal and greave. Right opposite Eucles, LE PETIT LOUVRE. Piping Apollo, or the sing-song Muse! speed, And blow with all thy vigour in my reed! dies : hesitating and distracted, is his wife, who is the most popular and fashionable resorts of the Whom, then, as kind accomplice, shall I choose? supposed to have rushed out with her newly-season. born infant, at hearing the voice of her husband; his pale but smiling face,—his bloody and exhausted look,-his feeble attempt to fold ONE of the greatest evils which generally Come, Goat-foot!at thy nymph-pursuing her in his arms, and his dropping attitude, have told her at once the truth. With one foot in the act of going forward, she leans a little back on the other, and pressing her hand to her heated brain, seems afraid to believe the evidence of her convictions. Clinging below to his mother is the eldest boy, recognising his dear father, but terrified at his appearance; and behind are the old nurse and the aged father of Eucles, -the one thanking the gods his son is victorious though dying, while the poor old woman is weeping at what she is supposed to have felt would be the truth the moment she beheld her master. In front, on a step, is a figure springing forward to catch Eucles; while a young woman, seated on the step, is looking at him with great interest; and a young girl, clinging to her, is regarding him with terror. Immediately above is a Greek on horseback in the domestic dress of the Greeks, with the chlamys (or cloak) and petasus (or pliable leather hat), huzzaing. The background is composed of the Parthenon and great temple of Minerva, which stood in the Acropolis, and the propylæum which was the entrance to the hill. The statue of Minerva Promachus (or first in fight), with her spear, is over the propylæum." attend exhibitions of pictures, whether ancient or modern, is the quantity of rubbish by which the visiter is disgusted and fatigued, and which diminishes both his opportunity and his power of studying and enjoying the works of real merit that may be scattered among it. From this nuisance the gallery recently opened in Regent Street, under the name of Le Petit Louvre, is perfectly free. There are only twenty-three pictures; but there is not one on which the eye of the lover of art may not long Phoenix-like, from their dust, with brighter dwell with delight. They belong to Mr. Buchanan; and some of the finest of them are But verbum sap.—the method you prescribe from the celebrated collection of Danoot, at Is good, and saves much trouble to our tribe, Brussels. Among the principal of these are Who else, though ne'er so bent in rhyme to sin, a magnificent "Return from Egypt," painted Would not know how the devil to begin! by Rubens for the Jesuits' church of Ant- Thus, then, relieved expense of thought and werp, where it remained, as a grand altartime, piece, until the secularization of that order, I rush into the subject of my rhyme, which took place several years previous to War, sacred war, with Folly and with Crime! the French Revolution; and the exquisite Whom, then, shall first the bitter barb o'ertake? little gem known by the name of "Le Tir Its thirsty vengeance whose black blood shall à l'Arc," by David Teniers, of which Sir slake? Joshua Reynolds speaks so highly in his Who first shall bite the dust he daily licks? "Journey to Flanders and Holland." The What inky soul be sent to modern Styx, "Portrait of the Marquess of Mantua," by Lutetian Seine! where felon spirits roam, Raphael; the "Adoration of the Magi," by And ghosts of bodies gibbetted at home! Balthazar da Peruzzi; the " Virgin and The Bar, the Dock, the Pulpit, and the Stage, It will be perceived that Mr. Haydon has Child, with the Magdalen," by Titian; and The Court, the Change, give Satire room to availed himself of every allowable incident that " Our Saviour betrayed," by Vandyke,-are rage: could give both animation and pathos to his all works of the highest class. The fine and Nay, though Papirius frown, in state revered, work. The action is instantaneous, and does contrasted expression, and the vigour and If Virtue's foe, I'll pluck him by the beard! not admit of a crowded assemblage; and we even fierceness of execution, of that which we And him, though clad in tough bull-hide for think that no small advantage to the composi- have last mentioned, are extraordinary. It is fight, [wight, tion. Every figure, however, contributes stated in the catalogue, that when the late la- With front of brass, a shameless, nameless powerfully to the telling of the story; and the mented President of the Royal Academy saw Truth's lance shall pierce him, and let in the whole, in expression, in colouring, and in it, a short time before his death, he declared it light! effect, has not been surpassed by any produc- to be "a most precious picture for the study Presumptuous Bravo, or pretending Quack, tion that we have met with of modern art. of a school of art." We should consider our- Abased, shall take the portrait of his back: Of" Punch" we are also strongly tempted selves unpardonable if we were to conclude Not even the Fair, if found in Folly's arms, to borrow Mr. Haydon's entertaining explana- our notice without mentioning the noble pro- Shall 'scape, though shielded by a host of tion; but our limits will not allow us. We ductions of "Apollo and the Seasons," charms! must content ourselves, therefore, with observ-leager and Atalanta,” and “Niobe," by our ing, that since the time of Hogarth the comedy great countryman, Wilson. They stand their of the pencil has never gone beyond it. Greatly ground triumphantly. as we admired Mr. Haydon's former works of a similar class, the present strikes us as much more amusing. It exhibits character without caricature; and the freshness, force, and fide- MR. GUEST is one of the few artists whose lity of its representation, must be recognised endeavours have been, and are, directed to place and relished by all who have not rendered the arts in this country upon ground which themselves too fastidious to enjoy the whims Good sooth! 't were hardly frugal to do more, may entitle them to rank among classical and follies of the passing hour. those who are so refined as to think laughter the composition which he has here presented Pure waste of shot to aim at him-her-you, For why scourge one with what would scourge But even studies and pursuits. In that point of view, vulgar, may still be furnished with a most to the public is well deserving attention and interesting subject of contemplation in one of applause. He has embodied in it a scene with When the same broadside sinks a total crew! the episodes of the composition. We allude to which the lover of ancient learning and history Thus opes the Whale his wide jaws, for the the exceedingly beautiful figure of the slum- is familiar, and which affords a highly favour. bering fruit-girl in one corner of the fore-able opportunity of exhibiting Grecian chaground. The expression is charming; and the racter, costume, and manners. If we mistake colouring, especially of the feet, an exquisite not, the style of Mr. Guest's picture, and more specimen of that fascinating quality. especially that of his colouring, approximates Detraction itself can, we think, no longer it to some of the works of art which have been deny the high powers of a man who has thus discovered in Herculaneum. The accordance proved himself capable of simultaneous excel- is a proof of the success with which he has lence in two such opposite departments of the accomplished his object. art; and who, to use a felicitous expression which we once heard Coleridge apply to the rapid changes in Kean's intonation, can thus suddenly pass "from the super-tragic to the mb-colloquial." Either of these fine works SINCE Homer was of Verse created King would be an attractive exhibition: combined Or Tyrant, (which, in Greek, are much one and aided by the other pictures and drawings thing!) of Mr. Haydon, which ornament the walls, we have no doubt that this gallery will be one of "Me MR. DOUGLAS GUEST'S EXHIBITION. The Banquet of Plato. ORIGINAL POETRY. Poets, upon the slip to rhyme, require "What! will you take Assassination's tone, I ken 'Tis a good maxim-"measures, and not men.” a score? nonce, And shoals of cuttle-fish are craunched at once! Of this New Babylon; where Satan's crone, said, |