it appears that the Church has had two different roofs. The tower, we are told by Dr. Burton, was built in the time of Henry VIII.; but, a fe years fince, two fides, and a part of the third, were blown down. The body of the Church is divided into a nave and two fide ailes by a double row of maflive columns. Thefe columns fupport pointed arches, over which is a range of windows, whofe arches are femicircular. The roof between the tower and Eait end, where flood the high altar, was adorned with fret work, and intereting arches, the rils of which are full remaining. Samuel died May 1, 1775, aged 1 year. B njimin ded Dec. 3, 1776, aged 3 months. Samuel died Mirch 9,11783, aged 3 years. Alfo the R SAMUEL WORSLEY, 33 y 1 Protesta Diffening minu r in this parish, Died 7 M. ch, 180℗ aged 59.” While these two worthy ministers. ere gone to receive their reward, their place knoweth them no more;" having, after a few occafional dechamations from Jeremiah Joice and men of his kidney, been given up to the followers of Lady Huntingdon's college there eftablished. Thole who remember Mr. Mafon will recollect a firiking refemblance in his perfon to that of Dr. Jortin. His inanner, though to modern hearers it would appear heavy and monotonous, was in his day impreffive, and his audience refpectable; as they contimed under his fucceffor, till they gradually died off, and none was found to replace them. There is not the trace of a fingle mo nument in this Church, and it is worthy of remark, that it does not and due Eaft and Welt. South of the Church, and on the Eaft front of the ruins, are feveral vaulted chambers, fupported by columns, which have a very loony alpect, and the Southernmott of them feems ready to fall on the head of the curious infpector. The Warch over the Welt door of the Church is circular (as are moft of the arches about this monaftery, thote of the Church excepted), and decorated with ziezag ornaments. Many of the moulrong walls are over-hadowed with trees and mantled with ivy, which adds, in a high degree, to the folemnity of the fcene, and will probably increase while farther ruin is prevented; as the prefent owner allows a falary of 101. per annum to a man for taking care of it. This Abbey was at the diffolution given to John Pakeman, a gentleman of the King s houfehold. The ancient family of the Savilles, Earls of Suflex, fterwards had pollellion of it; thence it devolved by marriage to the noble houfe of the Brudenells. J. H. Mr. URBAN, Q. July 5. ESET as the Church of England is on every fide by innumerable fectaries, when her doctrines are attacked by apoftates from her own bolom, does it admit of a question whether more refs fhould be laid on the defence of them or her difcipline? whether the observance of her Rubric fhould be more enforced on her members than on her minifters? I have paid fome attention to the arguments on both fides refpecting the injunction on the Clergy by the Rubric to meet the corpfe of the pooreft parishioner at the gate of the churchyard (LXXII. 620, 1095, LXXIII. 35, 237); and, if the pofture of the worshipers within the church be an object worthy a circular letter from the Diocefan (which fome of his Clergy have read from the pulpit inflead of a fermon, and more. of them for form fake than with any vifible effect), furely the behaviour of the minifter demands the like attention; and where refidence is enjoined, there ought also to be enjoined a ftrict adherence to the obfervance of the clerical duty, both by example and precept. A LAYMAN. the church-vard at Chefhunt lie interred two fucceffive Paftors of the ngregation of Proteftant Diffenters in that town. The epitaph on Mr. Maton may be feen in your vol. LX. p 620 that on his fucceffor is now at your fervice, reciting first his infant children. : "Samuel Worley die Feh. 21, 1771, aged 3 years 4 months. Ah, lovely child! the parents' care, Fair bloom ripped too feon! But let no mourning thought arife, Great God, thy will be done. Mr. URBAN, MR July 7. htt R. Hafted, vol. II. p. 225, thus defcribes the Machine, p. 517, On Of ham Green there fiauds a Quintal, a thing now rarely to be met W. G two guineas each perfon. Every large parifh round the Metropolis fhould be provided with Chapels of Eale, either by parochial affeffinent or by parlia mentary affiftance; and it would perhaps be defirable, if, after ample reinuneration to the proprietors, the licenfed chapels generally were thrown open to all *. with, being a machine much ufed in at an annual expence of from one to former times by youth, as well to try their own activity, as the fwiftnefs of their horfes, in running at it. The crofs-piece of it is broad at one end and pierced full of holes; and a bag of fand is hung at the other, and fwings round on being moved with any blow. The paftime was for the youth on horfeback to run at it as faft as poffible, and hit the broad part in his career with much force. He that by chance hit it not at all was treated with loud peals of derifion; and he who did hit it inade the belt ufe of his twifinefs, left he fhould have a found blow on his neck from the bag of fand, which inftantly fwung round from the other end of the quintin. The great delign of this fport was to try the agility both of horse and man, and to break the board, which whoever did, he was accounted chief of the day's fport." It is not clear whether Trinity chapel, p. 497, is the original building of wood which followed the camp, and is now inclofed in brickwork; or whether the wood has given way completely to the bricks, or, like Drake's hip, has fcarce a fragment of the original ftructure, Mr. George Robfon, fon of the proprietor, may find himfelf in a more comfortable fituation in his vicarage houfe at Chirke. P. 513. Geffery de Say, whofe fifter Beatrix married Magnaville earl of Effex, gave Rickling to Walden abbey. Neither Salmon nor Morant notice the infeription. P. 528, a. line 7 from bottom, read Luguvallum,, and line 5, Cataracto nium. Col. b. line 9, Mancunium; line 87, Ariconium. P. Q. is fubmitted to the attention of IT government, and the confideration of the bithops, whether the caufe of Religion and of Morality would not be better promoted by providing Chapels of Eafe in eligible fituations, than in granting licences for erecting Subfcription Chapels, although of the Eftablifhed Church, from which the great mafs of the people is excluded. It is notorious that an immenfe number of refpectable families in a middling ftation of life are precluded from attending divine fervice, either on acoount of their diftance from the parish church, or from their want of intereft to procare leats in thefe proprietary chapels We are led to thefe reflections by a. circumftance which occurred at Bath on the Sd inftant. The Rev. Mr. Home, archdeacon of Limerick, was invited by the proprietor of the Octagon chapel to preach there. The fermon was fcarcely begun when a violent, knocking was heard at the doors, and, on their being opened, a confiderable number of perfous of both fexes, of refpectable appearance, preffed forward, and filled the ailes and paffages. The fermon was moft excellent and inpreflive; but the proprietor, probably apprehending that the popularity of the preacher might attract to the chiapel more perfons than were able to pay for their feats withdrew the permiffion he had granted to Mr. Home; and although Bath is filled with minif ters amply gifted to promote the caufe of Religion, they are from like confiderations prevented preaching. the chapels in Bath preclude poor people, and all ftanders in the ailes. Is this politica!? Is this confifient with the divine doctrines of the Gospel? There is already too little devotion in the world; it thould not be repreffed by a tax on its exercife. The houfe of God fhould not be fet up to auction; it fhould not be degraded to the condition of a puppet-fhow; it fhould not be made the object of mercenary peddling or uncharitable exclufion. All "I Mr. Warner, in a curious fermon which he delivered on the laft, fatt-day in St. James's church, Bith, will throw light on this tranfaction. had for my allociate in the charge of being righteous overmuch, the respectable, pious, and confcientions chancellor of Limerick, a inan whofe fole offence had been to preach the humiliating truths of the Gospel to the faftidious ears of a polished audience, and to miftake the perfumed atmosphere of a * In numerous instances, the parifh church (as at Calf) is not competent to contain one tenth of its inhabitants. There are other parifbes in which the churches have long fince fallen into ruins. fashionable fashionable chapel for a place where the living God was worthiped with the incenfe of the heart in fpirit and in truth. Whether or not Mr. H. would have made the amende honorable for this breach of politeffe in his fecond addrefs, I leave thofe to conjecture who are acquainted with this gentleman's confifiency of character; but the opportunity of determining this point was precluded by a notification to Mr. H. that the permiffion to repeat his exhortelien w & withdrawn, in confequence of the inconvenience refulting to the occupiers of the fittings at the Chapel from the common people who went thither to be benefited by his difcourfe. Mr. H while he pitied fitch delufion, and filed at his own initiake, remembered that a fimilar fate had befallen one infinitely greater than himself, who was defpifed and abhorred by the Pharifees and Scribes and chief Priefis; but the common people heard him gladly" Preface to Mr. Warner's Sermon, vii. n. Mr. URBAN, July 1. THE originals of the two following letters were formerly in my po feflion and are now in one of the moft refpeciable public libraries in the kingdom. The contents of them, I hate no doubt, will be thought curious. Yours, &c. A TRAVELLER. Dr. CUTLER of Bofton io Dr. Z GREY, Sept. 29, 1743. WHITFIELD has plagued us with a witnefs, efpecially his friends and followers, who are like to be battered to pieces by that battering-ram they had provided againft our Church here. It would be an endless attempt to defcribe that fcene of confufion and difturbance occafioned by him; the divifions of families, neighbourhoods, and towns, the contrariety of hufbands and wives, the unduufulness of children and fervants, the quarrels among the teachers, the diforders of the night, the intermillion of labour and bufiuefs, the neglect of hufbandry, and of gathering the harveft. Our preffes are for ever teeming with books, and our women with bailards though regene ration and converfi,m is the whole cry. The teachers have many of them left their particular cures, and rolled about the country Some have been ordained by them Evangelizers as they calle: thein and had their Armonibourers and Exhorters; and in many conventicles and places of ren:lezvous there has been checquered work indeed, feveral preaching and feveral exhorting at the fame time, the reft crying or laughing, yelping, fprawling, fainting; and this revel maintained in fome places many days and nights together without intermiffion; and then there were the bleffed out-pourings of the Spirit. The New Lights have with fome overdone themselves by ranting and blafphemy, and are quite demolished; others have extremely weakened their intereft; and others are terrified from going the lengths they incline to. On the other hand, the Old Lights (thus are they diftinguished) have been many of them forced to town, and fome have loft their congregations; for they will foon raise up a new conveuticle in any new town where they are oppofed; and I don't know but we have 50 in one place or other, and fome of them large and much frequented. "When Mr. Whitfield first arrived here, the whole town was alarmed. He made his firft vifit to Church on a Friday, and converfed first with many of our clergy together, and belyed them, me efpecially, when he had done. Being not invited into our pulpits, the Diffenters were highly pleafed, and engroffed him; and im mediately the bells rung, and all hands went to lecture; and this fhow kept on all the while he was here. The town was ever alarmed; the ftreets filled with people, with coaches and chaifes, all for the benefit of that holy man, The conventicles were crowded; but he chofe rather our common, where multitudes might fee him in all his awful poftures; befides that, in ane crowded conventicle, before he came in, fix people were killed in a fright. The fellow treated the moft venerable with an air of fuperiority. But he for ever lashed and anathematized the Church of England; and that was enough. "Many others vifited us; but one Davenport was a nonpareil- the wild. er the better, the lefs reafon the more fpiritual. But, Sir, I ftop here, and leave you to find out a little more by what I now fend you. The book I have obtained for you as a prefent from my reverend brother Davenport in this town. The author, Dr. Channcey, told me, that he could have printed more flagrant accourts, if his intelligencers would have allowed him. "This has turned to the growth of the Church in many places, and its reputation univerfally; and it fuffers no otherwife than as Religion does, and that is fadly enough. "I am forry to hear that the Rev. Dr. Afhton is very much broken with infirmity. Include in your prayers, worthy fir, Yours, &c. TIM. CUTLER." 2.Mr.EBENEZER MILLER to Dr. GREY. Braintree in N England, Oct. 6, 1743. "YOU know by Mr. Whitfield's Journals that he has been here. The Clergy of the Church of England were unanimous in their refolution not to fuffer him to go into their pulpits; fo that a Diffenting Preacher of confiderable note, in a paragraph of a letter that was printed, faid, that he came to his own, and his own received him not; but we (the Diffenters) received him as an angel of God." The effects of his and his followers' preaching in this country are extravagant beyond defeription, and almoft beyond belief. I think the party is on the decline; but Whitfield is foon expeted here; and how he may revive the dying work, I cannot fay. But I believe he will not be received with the fame respect as formerly by the Diffenters themselves; he having railed fuch contentions and caufed fuch divifions among them, as has much weakened them, and inclined many of the more wife and thinking among them to the Church." any knowledge, in pointing out its importance, and the fatal confequences of neglecting it; yet I know not that writers have touched upon a fubject which is very intimately connected with it, and which I have determined to handle in this paper: I mean the advantages of ignorance. We have fo many encouraging treatifes written to remove the difficulties, which impede knowledge, that it would be impoffi ble to enumerate them; but, as far as my acquaintance with literature extends, we have no book expreffly calculated to point out the difficulty of being ignorant, and the inconveniences arifing from it. Yet many eminent teachers of youth have affured me that they find this one of the greatest impediments in their progrefs, and that they could have fent out a much greater proportion of able young men froin fchools and colleges, if they could have perfuaded them to remain ignorant a little longer. 66 Something like this I have fo often obferved in the young men of the prefent day, that I am convinced the complaint is made on a good foundation, and I know not whether it is not the peculiar characteristic of the clever fellows of our day, that, as Seneca fays in my motto, they fail in acquiring knowledge, merely becaufe they think they have acquired it already." It is to this, I doubt not, we mult impute the flow progrefs made in our publick fchools and feminaries, and, what I deem much worfe, the little ufe that feems to be made of books and libraries: for how can we expect that the one will be ftudioufly attended, or the other carefully confulted by those who refufe to confefs their ignorance? In former days I can well remember that young men were not afhamed of being ignorant for a much longer period than would now be tolerated. A youth, for example, of fifteen knew fcarcely anything, avowed his ignorance, and fat in filence at the feet of his Gamaliel, that he might acquire knowledge, as he acquired ftrength, in the courte of nature. A young man of twenty was not lefs willing to be ignoraut, and when introduced into the company of his elders and fuperiors, was attentive and fubmiflive, retiring with fome acquifition of knowledge, bat fill more and more convinced of his ignorance, and fo little ashamed of it, that he often confefled it as a thing unavoidable honour, and is fo tenacious of it, that the most respectful mode of fetting him right is conftrued into a rude contra diction which he is bound to refent ; and hence fo many argumentative pofitions have lately been adjusted by means of a bet, or a cafe of pitiols. unavoidable at his age. I can remembertoo that even at the ages of twentyfive or more it was not the fashion for men to fuppofe themfelves univerfal fcholars, or that nature and fcience had poured into their capacious minds the whole of their flores. They full did not blush to be unacquainted with what they had no means of knowing, and were content to wait the flow procefs of time and ftudy, or information, to remove their ignorance in a fatisfactory and fubftantial manner, I can even recollect that fome men very far advanced in life preferved the fame wife principles, and to their laft hour maintained the diftinction between unavoidable and voluntary ignorance. 23 It were a most defireable thing to rectify the prevailing notions refpecting fhame, of which a fpurious kind is foon likely to deftroy the genuine. When we confider how many things young man cannot be expected to know, and how many things, which he may think of fome importance, he ought not to know; and when we confider how flowly all really valuable knowledge can be acquired, we may furely allow that every kind of igno rance is not a difgrace. But unfortu nately knowledge and courage have by fome means been confounded, and a young man is unwilling to be thought deficient in a tafte for literature, left he fhould be thought to have no tafte for fighting. Two young gentlemen, we were told fome time ago, fought a duel; the difpute was about religion, and of the point in queftion it was found that they were both ignorant; but then they had both commiflions in the army, where they would have us think that courage and controver fial divinity fhould be equally fou rishing. We now purfue a very different plan, with what fuccefs fhall not fay, but it is certain that we can find very few in the early periods of life who are content to be ignorant; the greater part feem to have overcome every difficulty when they have acquired the alphabet; and every other kind of knowledge pours in upon them fo faft, that long before the period of manhood they have acquired all that this world can yield, and are old in every thing which can fit them for a speedy departure into another. Among other confequences of this plan, it has given rife to the breed of puppies a delcription of the human fpecies very different from that incidentally touched upon by my predeceffors. Puppies in former days were ignorant, and contented to be fo: knowledge was not in their way; they filled up departments in fociety where it was not wanted. Our modern puppies, however, are diftinguifhed by an affectation of knowledge, which is fo much worfe than downright ignorance as it is more difficult to remove. The wife man has indeed long ago determined that there is more hope of a fool than of a young man wife in his own conceit;" and 1 am happy to ftrengthen my poor opinions by fo venerable an authority. At Cha a In modern times it must be allowed that many perfons incur the fufpicion of knowing fomething at a more eafy rate than formerly. Literature fprinkled over the nation by means of journals and periodical works in fuch a manner, that many acquire a knack of talking about matters beyond their reach, merely by fuch ftudies as they can purfue while under the hands of hairdreffer. In this way the puppy has many advantages over the man of bufinefs; the outfide of his head being an object of much greater importance, his courfe of ftudies are prolonged in proportion to the talents of his operator, and therefore one who is engaged to a drefs-ball muft carry with him a prodigious quantity of information, which it is a pity thould be loft in the mazes of a new dance. This mode of ftudy, however, is now fo common with both fexes, that the keeper of an eminent circulating library affures me that he can always calcu late the popularity of a new book by the quantity of hair-powder between All knowledge is comparative; but although among wife nien fome are content to know one thing, and fome another, and although all are convinced that human life is infufficient for univerfal fcience, yet the puppy of the prefent times is one who knows every thing, or tays he does fo, which with him is much the fame thing. He holds this, indeed, as a point of the |