Such expressions are capable, however, of furthe analysis. In the expression, —

both is a numeral adjective used as a dual pronoun subject of the verb, and father and myself are its appositives.

either is a pronoun, predicate nominative, and blacksmith and carpenter are in apposition with it.

Whatever such correlatives connect, some such analysis is generally possible.

Adversative The adversative conjunctions imply something in opposition to what has been expressed or implied:

Illative

Sub

ordinating

but yet however still only nevertheless notwithstanding

He is good but not great.

He has promised, nevertheless he may break his promise.
It is sweet, still it may turn sour.

The illative conjunctions imply a reason or inference; some of these are also adverbs:

for hence then thence therefore accordingly consequently

I believe him, for I have not known him to lie.
They are interested; therefore they will exert themselves.

Subordinating conjunctions either connect a dependent clause with the modified word or introduce a

substantive clause, i.e. a clause used as a noun. A
dependent clause enters into a sentence with the value
of an adjective, an adverb, or a noun :

I shall not see a happy day until my debts are paid.
You are happy because you are good.

I do not know that I can help you.

Subordinating conjunctions are of several classes.

Conjunctions of time and place, — partly relative or Time interrogative adverbs, and partly prepositions before

place

Conjunctions of condition:

if unless until provided except supposing

Conjunctions of concession:

though although albeit notwithstanding granted

Conjunctions of end or purpose:

that

Condition

Concession

Purpose

Conjunctions of comparison: —

Introductory

words

Summary

As is correlative with a preceding word of charact or kind, quantity, degree, or manner. Than is co relative with a preceding comparative adjective adverb:

He is not so tall as I am (tall).

He is shorter than I am (short).

That and whether, as well as the interrogative adverbs when, where, whence, whither, why, and how are much used to introduce substantive clauses; the first two are then introductory words only, the others are also adverbs:

I know that my Redeemer liveth.
We heard why you came.

It is thus seen that subordinating conjunctions are pure, i.e. they are connectives and nothing else, or they are adverbial, serving as connectives, and at the same time modifying a verb in the dependent clause; or they are merely introductory to a clause used as a substantive, — subject, predicate, object, object of a preposition, and the like; or they are correlative, accompanying and relating to a preceding or succeeding adjective, adverb, or conjunction.

Substitutes Many words are used as adverbs, conjunctions, and prepositions; adverbs when they simply accompany a verb, adverb, or adjective; conjunctions when they introduce a modifying clause; prepositions when they introduce a modifying noun, pronoun, or equivalent:— He went long before.

He stands before the glass.

He would die before he would steal.

Jack came tumbling after.

Jack went after his father.

Jack went away after he had eaten dinner.

Any relative word, substantive, adjective, or adverbial, performs the office of a conjunction in addition to its office as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.

A few participles have come to be used as subordinating conjunctions:

We shall go provided you are willing.

Ye have sympathy seeing ye have been in misfortune.

The parsing of a conjunction consists in giving its Parsing classification on different bases, and its use in the sentence. This, however, can be only imperfectly done until after the compound and the complex sentences have been discussed.