Demonstrative adverbs point out definite time, place, Demonstra tive Correlative adverbs relate to a preceding adverb, and Correlative introduce a clause modifying it; at the same time they modify a word in the dependent clause : so as as as the the then when there where then while The adverbs here, there, and where are used with the In comforce of the demonstratives this and that and the relative which, in certain compound expressions: pounds herein = in this therein = in that wherein = in which there The adverb there is often used as a provisional sub- Use of ject of a verb, the real or logical subject coming after the verb except in relative or interrogative clauses: There were giants in the land. There came three wise men from the East. What there is must be accepted. Many adverbs of quality or manner and a few of Comparison degree are compared to express degree. A few short adverbs are inflected, like adjectives, adding (e)r to the positive to form a comparative, and adding (e)st to form a superlative. Adverbs corresponding to irregular ad- Regular jectives in the positive, take the other irregular forms to :cr Substitutes Parsing most sudde Adverbs, as has been shown, are sometimes subs tuted for adjectives, for nouns, especially after a prep sition, for pronouns in the compound expressions here therein, wherewith, etc.; and there is used as provision subject of a verb. Adjectives, both in poetry and prose, some nouns of time and place, and some pr nouns are substituted for adverbs: The bell rings clear. Loud rang his voice upon the blast. Come home three times, and then go back! He is none the worse for it. Prepositions are often used as adverbs: They will run off when an officer turns up. The parsing of an adverb involves giving the kind on different bases, formation, forms, and the word modified or clause introduced, or both. 1. He was seldom heard to speak loud. 3. The climate is perfectly delightful. 4. Meanwhile the clouds were gathering fast. 5. They sat together and read far into the night. 6. Why do you box my ears so soundly? 7. Not once nor twice has he gleefully told the story. 8. Up comes one bucket and down goes the other. 9. Perhaps it may turn out a song, perhaps turn out a sermon. 10. I am somewhat at a loss to know exactly what he means. II. Whence come wars? Wherefore must men fight? 12. Where thou goest thither will I go, and there shall my grave be made. 13. I cannot tell why he comes, nor how he spends his days. 14. Undoubtedly, she loved her husband best; but she loved him only for his money. 15. He learns his lessons right well, and kicks a ball right masterly. 16. I will work for you first, last, and always. 17. While this is theoretically right, it is practically inexpedient. 18. Fools and dead men never change their opinion. VI. CONJUNCTIONS Conjunctions connect expressions — words, phrases, Conjunctions clauses of like rank; or they connect modifying - clauses with the modified word; or they introduce clauses used as nouns. According to their form, conjunctions are simple, Simple, etc. derivative, or compound. Groups of words are sometimes used as conjunctions: According to their meaning, conjunctions are coördi- Classes nating or subordinating. Coördinating conjunctions connect like or equivalent Coordinating words, phrases, and clauses, in a like construction. They are sometimes classified into copulative, alternative, adversative, and illative. The copulative conjunctions imply addition : and also likewise too eke moreover besides as well as Liberty and union, now and forever, one and inseparable. The alternative conjunctions imply choice:— or nor else either neither otherwise The criminal must be hanged or shot. He will neither buy nor sell. Alternative Both copulatives and alternatives are used correla- Correlative tively : |