renewal, for a further term of years, of the commercial convention now subsisting between the two nations, and for the amicable adjustment of several points of mutual importance to the interests of both countries; and, as soon as the ratifications shall have been exchanged, his Royal Highness will give directions that a copy of this treaty shall be laid before you.

"Gentlemen of the House of Commons, "The Prince Regent has directed that the estimates for the current year shall be laid before you. His Royal Highness feels assured that you will learn, with satisfaction, the extent of reduction which the present situation of Europe, and the circumstances of the British Empire, have enabled his Royal Highness to effect in the naval and military establishments of the country. His Royal Highness has also the gratification of announcing to you a considerable and progressive improvement of the revenue in its most important branches.

"My Lords and Gentlemen,

"The Prince Regent has directed to be laid before you such papers as are necessary to show the origin and result of the war in the East Indies. His Royal Highness commands us to inform you that the operations undertaken by the Governor General in Council against the Pindarries, were dictated by the strictest principles of self-defence; and that, in the extended hostilities which followed upon those operations, the Mahratta Princes were, in every instance, the aggressors. Under the provident and skilful superintendance of the Marquis of Hastings, the campaign was marked, in every point, by brilliant achievements and successes; and his Majesty's forces, and those of the East India Company (Native as well as European), rivalled each other in sustaining the reputation of the British arms. Prince Regent has the greatest pleasure. in being able to inform you, that the trade, commerce, and manufactures of the country are in a most flourishing condition. The favourable change which has so rapidly taken place in the internal circumstances of the United Kingdom, affords the strongest proof of the solidity of its resources. To cultivate and improve the advantages of our present situation will be the object of your deliberations; and his Royal Highness has commanded us to assure you of his disposition to concur and co-operate in whatever may be best calculated to secure to his Majesty's subjects the full benefits of that state of peace, which, by the blessing of Providence, has been so happily re-established throughout Europe."

The

On the withdrawing of the Commons the swearing-in of Peers continued until four o'clock, when an adjournment took place

until six. At that, hour the Lord Chancellor read the Speech again from the woolsack.

The Earl of Warwick then touched upon the different topics in the Speech in their order, and concluded with moving an Address, which was, as usual, a mere echo of the Speech.

Lord Saltoun seconded the Address.

The Marquis of Lansdown said that, with regard to that part of the Speech which related to the death of the Queen, there could be but one sentiment, and one expression of sentiment, in that House. He approved of the evacuation of France, and of her re-admission to her proper rank in the system of Europe. He regretted that the Speech said nothing as to what had been done to complete the abolition of the Slave Trade. The improvement in the revenue was gratifying, but, calculating it at its utmost extent, it would be found that the annual income would not exceed between 53 and 54,000,000%. whilst the expenditure amounted to 68,000,0001.-thus leaving a deficiency of 14,000,000l. equal to the whole amount of the Sinking Fund. He did not conceive that reductions could be effected beyond 4,000,0007.; so that the financial state of the country would call for the immediate attention of Parliament. He further regretted the silence of the Speech on the subject of the resumption of cash payments. Without a fixed system, as to the national currency, no certain calculation could be made as to the public revenue or private property. He was pleased to learn that the commercial treaty with the United States had been renewed. He hoped that the proceedings of the court-martial on Messrs. Ambrister and Arbuthnot would be formally disavowed by the American Government. With regard to the Indian war, he conceived that it was one of self-defence, and it had been conducted in a manner which did honour to his Majesty's arms.

The Earl of Liverpool, after panegyrizing the virtues of the late Queen, stated the grounds on which France had been eracuated, and said he was bound in conscience to declare, that, so far as he knew, there never was a period in the bistory of the world when so general an anxiety prevailed to preserve the peace, when the causes of disturbance were so completely removed, when nations and sovereigns were more divested of ambition and the love of undue influence, and when the necessity of repose and the spirit of conciliation were more thoroughly acknowledged or acted upon over the European community. What had been done. relative to the Slave Trade would be laid before the House at a proper opportunity. Looking to the short period since the conclusion

clusion of hostilities, the finances of the Country were by no means in an unsatisfactory state. It should be recollected that taxes to the amount of 17,500,000. had been remitted. As to the national currency, Bo man could be more anxious than he was for a recurrence to Cash Payments; but to attempt such a measure, under an unfavourable state of the exchange, or whilst loans to foreign powers were in progress, would be productive of much distress. It might perhaps be found necessary to continue the restriction beyond the month of July next. As to forged notes, the Com. missioners of Inquiry had prepared a report, stating that plans had been presented, by which, if forgery could not be rendered impossible, it could at least be rendered extremely difficult.

Lord Lauderdale conceived that the Country could not go on under its present load of taxation. He wished to know whether any commercial treaties had been made with our Allies. Until the present Mint regulations were altered, it was in vain to expect the expiration of the Restriction Act. But the state of the Country could not be satisfactory until labour of all deseriptions was paid for in a metallic currency.

The Motion was then unanimously agreed to.

In the Commons, the same day, a copy of His Majesty's Speech being read by Mr. Speaker, Mr. Brownlow moved the Address, which was seconded by Mr. W. Peel, who thought that every Honourable Member in the House might give it his support, whatever might be his political views, without any impeachment of his character for consistency, or without pledging himself as to the support of future measures.

Mr. Macdonald rejoiced that reductions in the Army were in progress, but stigmatized the representation of the state of the Country, as "most extravagant." The omission in the Speech of all allusion to a reduction of our taxation was highly inauspicious. It was evident that the Administration had done nothing towards the fulfil

INTELLIGENCE FROM SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON Gazette. India Board, January 13.-Extract of a dispatch received at the East India House, from General the Marquis of Hastings, dated Gorockpore, June 20:

Bajee Row having submitted, and placed bimself in the hands of Brigadier-General Sir J. Malcolm, I have the honour to congratulate you on the termination of what still bore a lingering character of war. The troops with which Bajee Row had crossed the Tapty were completely surrounded. He found progress towards Gwalior imprac

ment of the national desire on the subject, until this alternative was proposed to them -"Do it, or go." If, however, they were still reluctant; if they stopped short of that which ought fairly to be expected, that House must, and he was persuaded would, do their duty. It was well known that the principal result of the Congress had been decided without our interference. On the subject to which the people of this Country looked with anxious expectation, namely, the abolition of the detestable traffic in human creatures, nothing had been done. For himself, it gave him little satisfaction to find general discontent in the Country, and more especially when that discontent occasionally exhibited itself in an intemperate and malignant character. But it was impossible not to reflect, that all this could not exist without adequate cause. • Mr. Sinclair entirely approved of the proposed Address. He thought the candour and moderation of the Speech highly creditable to His Majesty's Ministers. It enabled all parties to approach the Throne on the first day of the Session, with an expression of unanimous feeling.

Mr. Clive and Mr. Canning shortly spoke. Sir Henry Parnell expressed his surprise that no mention was made in the Speech from the Throne of any measure in favour of His Majesty's Roman Catholic subjects. The Address was then agreed to.

January 22.

It was ordered that no petition for leave to bring in a Private Bill should be received after the 5th of February; that no Private Bill be read a first time after the 15th of March; and that no Report on a Private Bill be received after the 10th of May.

In answer to a question from Mr. H. Davis, Mr. Vansittart said it was intended to bring forward a proposition for continuing the Bank Restriction Act until the 1st of March, 1820. He was not aware that it would be necessary to fund any further portion of the Public Debt in the course of the present year; but it would at the same time be unadvisable to fetter a discretion which circumstances might render it advantageous to exercise.

you

you less estimate the moderation with which sir J. Malcolm beld forth assurance of liberal and decorous treatment, even to an enemy stained with profligate treachery, when that enemy could no longer make resistance. Bajee Row is to reside as a private individual in some city within your ancient possessions, probably Bemares, enjoying an allowance suited to a person of high birth, but without other pretensions.

The next is a dispatch, with enclosures, from the Government of Fort St. George, dated Aug. 12. There is an extract of a letter from Mr. Strachey, Chief Secretary to the above Government, reporting that the fortress of Manowlie and the district of Chuckorie had been delivered up to Gen. Munroe, and that the war in the Peishwa's late dominions was terminated by the surrender of the fort of Moolheir. The other enclosures are a letter from Brig. Gen. Munroe, relating to the surrender of Manowlie, and reports from Lieut..col. M'Dowell and Major Maitland, concerning the attack upon Malligaum. The account of the capture of this latter fortress, and the eminent bravery displayed in a previous attack by ensign Nattes, who unfortunately lost his life, receiving five wounds in different parts of his body, has already been noticed. (See vol. LXXXVIII. ii. 635.) The warmest praises are bestowed by the Commanding Officer upon all the Officers and men employed in this gallant, though at first unsuccessful attempt. The fort did not surrender till the 14th of June. The following list of the killed and wounded is given in Major Maitland's report :

Killed. Europeans-4 Lieutenants, 1 Ensign, and 7 rank and file. Natives 1Jemidar, 1Havildar, and 20 rank and file.

Wounded. Europeans-2 Majors, 1 Captain, 3 Lieutenants, 1 Ensign, 5 Serjeants, and 43 rank and file. Natives2 Subidars, 2 Jemidars, 5 Havildars, and 109 rank and file.

Names of the Officers Killed and Wounded.

Killed. Sappers and Miners, Lieut. Davis and Ensign Nattes.-2d Batt. 17th, or C. L. I. Lieut. Kennedy.-1st Ditto, 2d N. I. Lieuts. Egan and Wilkinson.

Wounded. Madras European Regiment, Major Andrews-2d Bat. 17th, or C. L. I. Major Greenhill.-Russell Brigade, Capt. Larride and Lieut. Kennedy.-1st Batt. 2d N. I. Lieut. Dowker.-Detachment of Artillery, Lieut. King. - His Majesty's Royal Scots, Ensign Thomas.

G. MAITLAND, Major of Brigade. Ensign Purton was wounded in the head, but it was merely a graze.

In the report of Lieut.-col. M'Dowell, communicating the unconditional surrender of Malligaum, he says:—“ Finding that treachery on our part was suspected, and wishing to do away a report all over Kandeish, so prejudicial to our character, I did not hesitate in signing a paper, declaring, in the name of my Government, that the garrison should not be put to death after they had surrendered; and I trust his Excellency will approve of this."

The last dispatch is a letter from Capt. Briggs, apnouncing the surrender of Moolheir, which completed the reduction of Kandeish, and terminated the war in the Peishwa's late doniinions.

FRANCE.

The Moniteur of the 30th ult. contains a Royal Ordonnance respecting the new ministerial arrangements. Among other changes, the Marquis Dessoltes, Peer of France, Minister of State, is nominated Minister Secretary of State for the Depart ment of Foreign Affairs, and President of the Council of Ministers; the Sieur de Serre, Member of the Chamber of Deputies, Keeper of the Seals, and Minister Secretary of State for the Department of Justice; and the Count de Cazes, Peer of France, Minister Secretary of State for the Department of the Interior.

The new Ministry are in full activity, and seem to be very popular. All the Members are considered as real constitu,tionalists, alike averse to the ultras of both parties, and attached only to the Charter and to the King.

On the 11th inst. the Marquis de Dessolles, after pronouncing a panegyric on his predecessor, the Duc de Richelieu, laid before the Chamber of Deputies, in the

of Spain, on that day, under circumstances truly mournful. She was in an advanced state of pregnancy; but her general health was very favourable, until nine o'clock of the evening of the 26th; when, conversing with the persons of her household, who usually formed her society in passing her evenings, she was suddenly seized with a dizziness, which lasted for three or four minutes. This was followed, after a short interval, by a second attack, which proved fatal. From the moment of her being first seized with a dizziness to her breathing her last, there was a lapse of only twelve minutes. The cæsarian operation was performed; and a female child, after having been baptized, and having every means used for its preservation, died in a few minutes. It is mentioned in the article from Madrid in a tone of eloquent and mournful tenderness. The Princess, thus suddenly and prematurely taken away, was but 21 years of age. She was the daughter of John, sixth King of Portugal,and Charlotte Joachim de Bourbon, Infanta of Spain. She was born the 19th of May 1797, and named Maria Isabella Frances. But a short period has gone by since she arrived in Europe from the Brazils, to become a bride and a queen: the circumstances of her death call to our minds an afflicting event which covered our own country with mourning. Her sister is married to Ferdinand's brother.

The Paris Papers, which have arrived to the 21st inst. bring intelligence of the death of another Queen, in the person of the Consort of Charles IV. of Spain, and Mother of Ferdinand VII. (daughter of Philip, Duke of Parma.) Her Majesty, who was in the 68th year of her age, expired at Rome on the 4th instant, after five days' illness only, a very short period after the demise of her daughter-in-law, the young Queen of Spain, consort of Ferdinand VII. Her Majesty was born the 9th December, 1751. She was married to Charles IV. on the 4th of September, 1765.

1

We have serious accounts from Spain of the state of the communications between Madrid and Cadiz; the couriers being convoyed by strong detachments of cavalry; and the merchants being compelled to form caravans, protected also by powerful escorts, as if they were to contend with hordes of predatory Tartars.

A letter of the 27th of December, from Irun, gives an alarming view of the interual state of that part of Spain, Armed bands have descended from the mountains of Sierra Morena upon New Castile, and ravaged the territory of La Mancha in various places. Their purposes, it is said, cannot be accurately stated; and a great proportion of them consists of men who have served in the army or in the Gue

rillas. They have advanced to the very centre of the province. Several bodies of troops have been marched by the Government to meet them. The theatre of this approaching conflict is within about eighty or ninety miles of Madrid. New dif ferences are said to be growing up between the Governments of Spain and Portugal. ITALY.

A letter from Naples, dated December 8, says, "Mount Vesuvius exhibits one of those terrible spectacles which too often alarm that unfortunate city. The crater opened with a dreadful noise; and after having darted forth whirlwinds of fire, and of inflammable matter, it vomited lava over the adjoining country, as far as the foot of the village of Torre del Greco."

The administration of justice throughout the dominions of Naples has been lately reformed, and on principles quite new within that kiugdom. The seignorial and local jurisdictions have all been suppressed, and Royal Courts established in place of them; a whole swarm of vexatious and tyrannical abuses having thus been swept away at one blow.

GERMANY.

Intelligence has been received from Brussels of the death of the Queen of Wurtemberg, after an illness of only five days. The fatal disease was a violent erysipilas; which, affecting the head, produced apoplexy. The death of this agcomplished Princess, in the prime of life, will be deeply lamented by all who can appreciate a well-informed and elegant mind, united to an active and benevolent disposition. She was the favourite sister of the Emperor of Russia, and the same lady who, as Duchess of Oldenberg, resided at the Pulteney Hotel during the visit of the Royal Sovereigns to this country. She was born May 22, 1788. Her first husband, the Duke of Oldenberg, served in the Russian campaign, and died of a fever caught by his attendance in the hospitals to visit his sick officers and soldiers. She next married the hereditary Prince, now King, of Wurtemberg, who survives her, by whom she has left issue.

Torture has just been abolished by the States of Hanover. The introduction of Trial by Jury has been "talked of" in the same assembly.

A dreadful species of ophthalmia prevails at present among the Prussian troops in garrison at Mentz, and those stationed round that city. It is said to proceed rapidly to blindness; and when the last accounts came away, 80 of the men of the garrison, and 2000 of those in the neighbourhood, were afflicted with it.

The population of Prussia in 1817, was above 10,500,000, making 2,106 to each square league of territory. The males between

between 15 and 60 years of age were upwards of 3,000,000.

It is very well known that Mr. Clarkson, the strenuous advocate for the speedy and entire abolition of the slave-trade, went to Aix-la-Chapelle, to endeavour to interest the Congress of Sovereigns, &c. in behalf of the unfortunate African race. At his interview with Lord Castlereagh, his Lordship expressed his hope that Portugal might be brought to renounce the trade at the period which was to put an end to it on the part of Spain, namely, the 30th May, 1820; but he doubted whether it would be possible to have it declared piracy from that time. The Duke of Wellington was most laudably energetic on the subject. He said, they must give it up. He saw no reason why it should not be declared piracy-it was its proper designation: he engaged to do his utmost to forward the object. The Emperor Alexander was equally warm in behalf of the poor Africans; he said, it was not to be endured that Portugal should continue to resist the united wishes of Europe, by continuing the trade for a single day after all other nations had abandoned it. The miscreants who should continue afterwards to carry it on ought to be treated as pirates.

Extract of a letter from Bavaria :"We have witnessed here a superb funeral of the Baron Hornstein, a courtier; but the result is what induces me to mention it in my letter. Two days after, the workmen entered the mausoleum, when they witnessed an object which petrified them! At the door of the sepulchre lay a body covered with blood-it was the mortal remains of this favourite of Courts and Princes. The Baron was buried alive! On recovering from his trance he had forced the lid of the coffin, and endeavoured to escape from the charnelhouse-it was impossible; and therefore, in a fit of desperation,, as it is supposed, he dashed his brains out against the wall. The Royal Family, and indeed the whole city, are plunged in grief at the horrid catastrophe."

SWEDEN.

In five years Sweden has diminished in population 58,504 souls, viz. 38,527 males; 19,977 females.

TURKEY.

By the successful attack upon Derajeh, which put the Turks in possession of Ardallah Ben Sund, the head of the sect of Wechabites, and several minor chiefs, it is stated that no less than 20,000 of his followers were slain. The captured Chief had all his teeth drawn by the Turks previous to his being sent to Constantinople!

The formidable Wechabite Chief is, according to the Paris Papers, anxiously expected at Constantinople, where he is

to be exposed, with his family, on a car, drawn through the streets, and afterwards, no doubt, to lose his head.

ASIA.

The last letters from Bombay bring afflicting accounts of the mortality arising from the cholera morbus, which raged in the Decan, during the months of July and August, and had not been entirely overcome, though greatly decreased, in September. It has been chiefly mortal among the natives; few Europeans have suffered. About 2,000 of the natives died at a religious place called Punderpore.

A highly interesting and important document has appeared in the Calcutta Government Gazette, relative to the recent military operations in India, which we have copiously noticed in page 83, et seq.

It appears by the last advices from India, that great efforts are about to be made to reduce the Island of Ceylon to obedience. Large bodies of troops were about to be sent both from Calcutta and Madras on that service.

The Persian Province of Khorassin is said to have revolted against the Govern ment, and to have declared its independence.

Letters have been received from Java, dated 27th September. They mention that a serious insurrection had broken out at Samarang. About 100 Dutch troops had been killed, and between 300 and 400 inhabitants had been massacred by the soldiery.

By the arrival of the Kingston, from Java, intelligence of much importance, as affecting British interests in the Indian seas, has been received. Sir I Thomas Raffles, the Governor of Fort Marlborough, has displayed his characteristic energy and activity since his arrival in Sumatra, and has anxiously endeavoured to extend the British influence over the whole of that valuable and extensive island. Sumatra has hitherto been very little known. The population of the interior were considered as savages, and the mountains as impassable; and yet the natives would still bring down their gold, cassia, camphor, &c. for which Sumatra had from the earliest ages been famous. The Governor has penetrated into the interior in three different directions, The result has been the discovery of a country highly cultivated, and abounding in precious metals; and it is the Governor's opinion, that far greater resources are to be found in Sumatra than the British could have derived from Java.-In this expedition the Governor was accompanied by Lady Raffles, whose appearance was the most peaceable standard the party could hoist. They found the country beautiful and magnificent. Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles has thrown the trade

open,