Day Bank EACH DAY'S PRICE OF Red. 3pr.Ct. 3 per 14 pr.Ct. 5 perCt. B.Long 227플 872 471층 81종 89월 글 105층 중 18층 4 Sunday 737238239011063 7183 19 5 229 173푼 중 72금 72/100 722 82 911063 18 Irish. 11 Sunday 723 12 228 72 71 282 690급 동 105호 6 184 13 228 14 773 2골 72층 글 82들 73272 3 91 90층 105호 6184 82 91 9021065718 3/00200 230 71229 30 41 42 pr. 4 5 pr. 72 15 73 24723 82 91 90 106 5 182 792 41 pr. 13 5 pr. 723 16 227 724 372 82 17 225 5722 372 90 1105718 90105 18 41 42 pr 5 3 pr. 72 41 pr. 4 5 pr. 72 18 Sunday 19 7237238 20 2254 6월 72급 3층 726 382골 후 90금 1층 105 18/1 21 226 737282914106 83 914 1060 19 83913 2106 229 19 13 72 80 41 pr. 41 42 pr. 3 2 5 pr. 72 5 pr. 73 24 Holiday 25 Sunday RICHARDSON, GOODLUCK, and Co. at their Old Established Office, Bank-Buildings, Cornhill. J. NICHOLS AND SON, 25, PARLIAMENT STREET, WESTMINSter. Miscellaneous Correspondence. MINOR CORRESPONDENCE.-Questions, &c.194. On Poor Rates and Provision for the Poor..195 Red River Settlement, in North America...197. Cumner Place and Wayland Smith, Berks...198 Ancient Anecdotes, from Valerius Maximus. 199 Bigland's Collections for Gloucestershire.....ib. Village and Church of Cuddesdon, Oxon....201 On Vaccination.-Soups for the Poor.......202 Employment of the Poor recommended.....203 Passage in the Book of Kings explained....206 Principles of Latin and Greek Versification.207 COMPENDIUM OF COUNTY HISTORY--Salop...209 Worcester and Gloucester Cathedrals........214 Different Accounts of Clare Family explained 215 Col. Macdonald on the Public Funded Debt... Bravery of Capt. Crosby and his Crew.......218 THE CENSOR, No. VI.-Anecdotal Literature..ib. Critical Remarks on Passages in Homer.....222 Real Origin of Pointed Architecture.........223 Progress of Literature in different Ages.....224 On Money as opposed to Commodity..... Observations on Money, Price, &c...........228 Remarks on Dr. Parr and Bishop Hurd......229 Welsh Music.-Church Missionary Society.230 New Works on British Topography........ Ancient Market Cross at Wantage...........232 227 231 Gloucester 2-Hants Hereford 1--Hull 3 Hunts 1-Ipswich Kent 4-Lancaster Leeds 3-Leicester Lichfield-Liverpool Macclesfi.-Maidst. Manchester 6 Newcastle 2 Norfolk--Norwich N.Wales Northamp Nottingham 2-Oxf." Plymouth 3--Presto Reading-Salisbury Salop...Sheffield Stafford..Stamford Embellished with Views of CUDDESDON CHURCH, Oxon; HILTON CASTLE, Co. Durham; and KENILWORTH CASTLE, Co. Warwick; also Representations of the HILTON ARMS; and a Figure of ROMAN SCULPTURE, lately found at Manchester. By SYLVANUS URBAN, GENT. Printed by JOHN NICHOLS and SON, at CICERO'S HEAD, 25, Parliament Street, Westminster ; where all Letters to the Editor are requested to be sent, POST-PAID [ 194 ] MINOR CORRESPONDENCE. We assure our kind Correspondent T. W. that the Editor of the "Illustrations" hears for the first time (March 5) of the favour intended him, by the transmission of the valuable Letters for his FoURTH VOLUME; which will be thankfully received, and readily inserted. The Letter sent for the Magazine, which appears this Month, was instantly given to the Compositor, and the omission was entirely accidental,-such Letters having with us a decided preference.For a further answer, we refer him to our "Minor Correspondence," in p. 2. R. H. remarks, that there is a village in Wiltshire called Knoyle Odierne, which probably derived its name from Hodierna, the nurse, mentioned by Madox, in his History of the Exchequer, as having lands in the neighbourhood of Mere, which were tillaged. Knoyle Odierne is the adjoining parish to that of Mere. Information respecting this personage will much oblige the writer. M. W. J. is informed, that it is the intention of the Compiler of the Compendium of the Histories of the several Counties, to publish them intire, in a separate form, after the whole has appeared in the Magazine. In the Population Census to be taken after next Easter, FAR-NIENTE (whose valuable Letter on the Poor is printed in p. 195) suggests, that it would be little additional trouble to make the following addition: "Resident Poor, not included in the above account, maintained entirely or in part by Parish allowance; wherever their settlement may be." We recommend Mr. JOHN MAY to show his curious Manuscript to any intelligent Physician or Chemist. We learn, by a Friend, that the Publication reviewed in our Magazine for January, p. 53, on the " Amusements of Clergymen," is a new edition of a work entitled "Three Dialogues on the Amusements of Clergymen. London; printed for B. and J. White, Fleet-street, 1796." This was written by a very respectable Clergyman in Hampshire (deceased), who affixed a fictitious account of its origin. It is truly to be lamented, that such a method was adopted, and particularly so by such a worthy character. BEDFORDIENSIS hopes, that the Historian of WOBURN will avail himself of the hint in our vol. XC. ii. p. 487, respecting Queen Elizabeth's Visit to Sir William Russell; and the rather, as Holinshed narrates an actual Visit of the Queen at WOBURN ABBEY in 1572; and the records of both will probably be found in the archives of the antient and noble family of RUSSELL. For DUNSTABLE and LUTON, and some other Townships of less note, ample materials are to be found in the "Bibliotheca Topographica Britannica." J. T. M. in a letter, dated March 4, says, this present month, I was obliged, at p. 112, to doff my hat to an old acquaintance. After the first transports of our meeting were over, I hailed him as a person well known to you, Mr. Urban, under the name of 'Anecdotal Literature.' But 'Hei mihi, qualis erat! quantùm mutatus ab illo To drop the metaphor, the article under this title is taken from one in your Magazine, and from my pen; I should wish to see this accounted for: facts are the common property of Authors and Editors, but not narration and observation already given to the world. And I take this opportunity of informing you, that, as I have not discarded any of my family, I shall proceed against all kidnappers as the law (of letters) directs." A. Z. observes, "The Dunne mentioned by D'Avenant, p. 124, is evidently a Dun of a different description from Dun the hangman; the latter's visits were never repeated; the former's were very frequent, particularly at a Poet's door." G.O. P.T. states, that he saw the curious fragment of London Wall, upon Tower Hill, a few days ago, as founded by the Emperor Constantine; and he really hopes that the City may be induced to allow this vestige of the antient fortification to remain, particularly when it is considered that many noble specimens of wall still remain to this day in many of our English cities. T. R. says, "From the information given to me by a lady who knew Farinelli at Bologna, and who has sung with him in private at that city, after he quitted Spain, I am enabled to answer a part of the enquiries of your Correspondent, p. 40. Two of the songs which were uniformly called for by Philip V. were, Pallido il sole,' and 'Il Rossignole.' Carlo Broschi, when he first made his appearance in Italy as a singer, was known by the appellation of 'Il Ragazzo,' the boy. He was afterwards protected by a Counsellor Farino, from which circumstance he took the name of Farinello, as it will be seen spelt in the Operas composed by Hasse, Porpora, &c. His contemporary 'Senesino,' was so called from being a native of Sienna, his family name being Bernardo."" M. W. J. is referred for an account of a curious Picture at Epping Place, to vol. LIX. 1063; LXXXII. i. 30. 437. SAWSTONIENSIS will find a full account of Sawston in our vol. LXXXV. pp, 25. 120. 225. We are obliged to him for the curious Letter of Sir Thomas Whorwood. Our Correspondent from Cowbridge is informed, that the Plate of St. Donatt's Church and Castle is in forwardness. The Beauprè Porch shall also be attended to. THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE, For MARCH, 1821. MISCELLANEOUS CORRESPONDENCE. Mr. URBAN, March 1. S the subject of Poor paupers individually do not receive, places, as much Asis of general interest, and Riisely as they formerly did, in proportion to soon to come again before the Legislature, it may not be improper to turn the attention of your Readers to it, by some remarks on the prevalent complaints made against this provision for the Poor, and on the remedies suggested. That this tax is a great grievance is certain, so great as in some particular places to exceed all the other direct imposts of the State: but still exaggeration in describing it is not unusual. It is sometimes stated at eight millions per ann. Now it appears (from the Report of the Select Committee on the Poor Laws, printed by order of the House of Commons, July 4, 1817), that in the year ending March 25, 1815, the money raised in England and Wales, by Poor Rates and other Rates, amounted to 7,068,9997.; of which sum 5,072,02871. were expended for the maintenance of the Poor. Thirty years before, the annual expenses, on account of the Poor, were little more than two millions: but in those thirty years, taxation, the produce of land, the income of the country, the price of necessaries and commodities, have all increased in a greater proportion than the Poor Rates, taken generally throughout the kingdom. My meaning is, that a Rate of five millions in 1815, was not a greater burden upon the national property (its increased value being considered), than two millions in 1785, which sum would then go as far in maintaining the Poor as five millions in 1815, on account of the increase in the price of provisions. I am inclined to think that, though the number of paupers has increased beyond the proportionable increase of the population, yet Church Rates, County Rates, Highway and Militia, Report, p. 5. the price of the articles of life. Another matter to be considered is, that the Poor are the instrument by which a nation makes great exertions, naval and military, in commerce aud manufactures: and after the unprecedented exertions made by this country in all ways for the last thirty years, it is naturally to be expected that many Poor, from infirinity and disability, should continually drop for support upon the community; and that upon a sudden cessation or relaxation of these exertions (which took place in consequence of the Peace), many should be thrown out of work. It must also be recollected, that during the period above mentioned, not only has the property, which was in existence, been augmented in value, but much new property has been created in addition (exempted from the Poor Rate); for instance, the profits of all minerals, except coal, floating capitals in trade, and funded property. The cessation of payments to Militia men's wives has in some degree exonerated the County Rate, at the expense of the Poor Rate. All these considerations appear to me to diminish the pecuniary grievance of the Poor Rate. But its moral effects are stated, and with too much reason, to be pernicious. This principle of a compulsory provision, it is said, divests charity of the character of benevolence, and produces no gratitude, but on the contrary, discontent; relaxes industry, and leads to dependence, and importunate beggary, and to incalculable misery, by creating an unlimited demand on funds which cannot be perpetually augmented *. Yet, surely this is a *See Parliam. Rep. p. 4. strained 196 Remarks on the present Provision for the Poor. [March, strained and theoretical description of the matter, rather than a practical one. The increase and burden of the Poor were alluded to in 1699, by King William, in a Speech from the Thrones and in the preamble of the 13th and 14th Charles II.; and never more strongly than in the Acts passed in Queen Elizabeth's time for the express purpose (whether the result has been successful or not is another question) of remedying these grievances. The truth is, 66 we shall always have the poor with us;" it is one of the conditions of humanity. The burden will be felt more or less at different times by different parts of the community, in consequence of the course of uncontrollable events and it is impossible to administer relief without creating a want and increased demand for it. It must be acknowledged, that the payments to Militia men's wives have diminished the shame and disgrace of pauperism, and the eking out labourers' wages from the Rates is a great abuse of the general system of relief. Still, in these and other instances, the valid objection in my mind, is to the execution, and not to the principle, of the Law. It is a mistake to affirm that the law of compulsory provision for the Poor is either "new or peculiar to Great Britain *." Tithes, from the time of their institution (whether in the 9th or 10th century), were of this description. The primitive Chris tians, at their public assemblies, remembered the Poor, each according to his ability and public opinion probably made this contribution a real tax, as at this day in Scotland. Nor is there, I believe, a single European country, in which voluntary charity supplies a sufficient fund for the Poor. True it is the tax is not paid directly as in England; but after the benevolences are exhausted, the State makes up the deficiency (in Protestant and Roman Catholic countries) out of the produce of the general taxes, raised by compulsory assessment. I understand, that at Rotterdam 4 or 5000 Poor (a twelfth part of the population) fall in winter time upon the Government taxes for support: and at Amsterdam a still greater number, in proportion to the large population of that immense *Parliam. Report, p. 4. town. At Brussels, in Germany, and in Switzerland, the same system prevails, of supplies from the State to the Poor, distributed through the Clergy of different persuasions, or Directors appointed for the several districts, or Regents of particular institutions; and in the twelve arrondisements of the City of Paris, as many as 80,000 individuals have at one time been receiving relief at their own houses, in addition to the public Establishments, particularly the Hospital, or rather town, called the Salpetriere, containing more than six thousand females. Large funds for these charities are no doubt afforded by voluntary benevolence, and by testamentary bequests, which are sometimes a condition of obtaining priestly absolution, and by the ecclesiastical revenues: but these resources are not found sufficient in populous places. At Liege and Verviers in the Netherlands, large manufacturing towns, it is said numbers perished in the streets' from famine, in the winter of 1816: and whoever has witnessed the importunities of the swarms of wretched mendicants in that neighbourhood, must acknowledge that there are alternatives worse than a compulsory provision for the Poor. There are some obvious benefits arising from it; for instance, the burden is equally laid upon persons of property, according to their ability; while in voluntary contributions the richest are not always found the most charitable: and the Poor Rate in England has no doubt helped to melt into the mass of society hordes of gipseys,beggars,robbers,and free-booters, who in former times lived wildly on the publick, to the terror and annoyance of peaceable persons. In a word, although the Poor Rates i England are a heavy pecuniary burden, and some bad moral effects flow from the system, we have only a choice of grievances. The burden is, perhaps, not greater than in other countries (in which the money is raised differently), not greater than we ought to bear, and must bear, in some shape or other, unless we would see the Poor perishing with cold, nakedness, and hunger, at our doors. Experience does not hold out reasonable expectations that voluntary charity will supply adequate relief; if it would, the |