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Remarks on the Ancient Egyptian Manuscripts, with Translation of the Rosetta Inscription; Correspondence relative to the Rosetta Inscription; Egypt; Inscription on the Paw of the Great Sphinx; Observations on a Greek Manuscript on Papyrus; Correspondence upon Hieroglyphical Subjects; Discoveries in Hieroglyphic Literature; Lives of Eminent Scholars: J. H. Tooke, G. Wakefield, J. Bryant, R. Porson. In addition to the authorities above cited, we refer to Lon. Gent. Mag., 1829, ii. 276, (Obit.;) Amer. Jour. of Sci., xxii. 232, (Memoir;) Brande's Jour., xxviii. 154, (Young's own list of his works and papers to 1827;) Encyc. Brit., 8th ed., Index; Life in Knight's Eng. Cyc., Biog., v., 1858, 894; Life and Corresp. of William Allen; Lon. Quar. Rev., viii. 151; Edin. Rev., lix. 281; Blackw. Mag., iv. 183; Lon. Athen., 1858, i. 683, ii. 649.

If I should call Dr. Thomas Young the most accomplished Englishman of modern times, and only second to Newton and the Bacons (yet far more learned than all of the three combined) in British scientific history, I suppose that, by some who have never weighed his claims to this just distinction, should be charged with extravagance; but what other name can for a moment contest his superiority? The most of our great men (though an American, I claim a share in all of Britain's eminent sons) have achieved their fame by pre-eminence in some one department of intellectual research. Not so with Thomas Young. Distinguished as an Orientalist, Hellenist, Latinist, a master of many modern tongues, physicist, medical doctor, chemist, mechanist, essayist, biographer, and calligraphist, he increased his resemblance to the "Admirable Crichton" by his skill in music, horsemanship, and dancing, and in his youth, when at the University of Göttingen, "practised under various masters all sorts of feats of personal agility, in which he excelled to an extraordinary degree." When Edmund Kean played the "Admirable Crichton" for his benefit, he introduced some of the feats of Young as illustrations of the character. If we run the risk of "making the judicious grieve" by thus admitting the fact that to ride two horses at a time, dance on the tight rope, and enact Harlequin with great applause, at a court masquerade at Brunswick, were among the early distinctions of the illustrious philosopher, let it not be forgotten that it is recorded to his honour that he was altogether free from that dissipation and vice to which this perilous season of life is peculiarly prone. Nor did his future course "unbeseem the promise of his spring :" by one who had the best opportunities of knowing the truth, he is described as

"a man in all the relations of life upright, kind-hearted, blameless. His domestic virtues were as exemplary as his talents were great. He was entirely free from either envy or jealousy, and the assistance which he gave to others engaged in the same lines of research as himself was constant and unbounded. His morality through life had been pure, though unostentatious. His religions sentiments were by himself stated to be liberal, though orthodox. He had extensively studied the Scriptures, of which the precepts were deeply impressed upon his mind from his carliest years; and he evidenced the truth which he professed in an unbending course of usefulness and rectitude."HUDSON GURNEY: Memoir of Young, ut supra.

As

It is not unworthy of note that he possessed the very desirable advantages of a handsome person and prepossessing appearance. The theme is a delightful one, and I am loath to leave it; and I have a plausible excuse for delay in the adduction of a few eminent witnesses to the surpassing merits of this illustrious man. early as 1815, Humboldt attested that "there was no field of human knowledge which Dr. Young has not cultivated with success; wherever he has passed, his path is marked with discoveries;" Arago declared that his works resemble the Transactions of a number of separate Academies, rather than the productions of a single mind; and our countryman Edward Everett, one of the best intellectual assayers I have ever known, pronounced him (N. Amer. Rev., xxxii. 110) "a man of matchless sagacity."

"The discovery of the principle of optical interferences, which has proved the key to all the more abstruse and puzzling properties of light, would alone have sufficed to place its author in the highest rank of scientific immortality, even were his other almost innumerable claims to such a distinction disregarded."— SIR JOHN F. W. HERSCHEL

"At the mention of Dr. Young's name the historian must pause. None of our countrymen has approached more nearly the character of the celebrated Dr. Brook Taylor. Possessing the same ingenuity, extensive learning, varied accomplishments, and profound science, he combined likewise a concise, hard, and sometimes obscure, mode of stating his reasonings and calcu

lations."-SIR JOHN LESLIE: Encyc. Brit., 8th ed., i., 1853, 732: Fifth Prelim. Dissert.

made such a discovery in science as the law of interference, and "It may safely be affirmed that no philologer ever before that no natural philosopher ever made such a step in the interpretation of a lost tongue as the formation (up to a certain point) of an Egyptian alphabet. We cannot close this imperfect sketch of one of the greatest ornaments of our age and nation, without adding that in private life Dr. Young was exemplary, endued with warm affections, philosophic moderation, and high moral and religious principles.. Dr. Young's philosophical character approached in many important particulars to that of With much of the inventive fire of Davy and of the reasoning sagacity of Wollaston, he combined an amount of acquired learning, and a versatility in its application, far superior to both."-PROP. J. D. FORBES: Encyc. Brit., 8th ed., 1853, 900, 901: Sixth Prelim. Dissert.

Newton.

"The most clear-thinking and far-seeing mechanical philoso pher of the nineteenth century, and one of its most accomplished and profound scholars. . . . Some of the merits of his works have already been mentioned; but it may be added that they are remarkable above all for their highly philosophical spirit, and in particular by the constancy with which they keep in view the distinction between beings and actions,-a distinction too often lost sight of in crude theories of physics."-PROF. W. J. M. RANKINE: Imp. Dict. of Univ. Biog., vi. (1866) 1409.

It might at least have been hoped that the nation which had so long neglected a man to whom statues and altars would have been raised in earlier days, would commence, as usual, a tardy reparation at the grave: the remains of the most illustrious philosopher of his age would have been fittingly deposited in that solemn city of the dead where repose the ashes of the great of many generations. It was not so decreed; but the faithful wife who had long reverenced his genius and esteemed his worth, erected in Westminster Abbey a monumental memorial to his name, and the hand of friendship has transmitted to future times this imperfect record of his deeds:

"Sacred to the Memory of Thomas Young, M.D., Fellow and Foreign Secretary of the Royal Society, Member of the National Institute of France; a man alike eminent in almost every department of human learning. Patient of unremitted labour, endowed with the faculty of intuitive perception; who, bringing an equal mastery to the most abstruse investigations of letters and of science, first established the undulatory theory of light, and first penetrated the obscurity which had veiled for ages the hieroglyphics of Egypt. Endeared to his friends by his domestic virtues, honoured by the world for his unrivalled acquirements, he died in the hopes of the resurrection of the just."-Epitaph, by Hudson Gurney, for the memorial tablet.

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April 29th, [1829.]-Dined at the Athenæum. Hudson Gurney asked me to dine with him. He was low-spirited. His friend Dr. Young is dying. Gurney speaks of him as a very great man, the most learned physician and greatest mathematician of his age, and the first discoverer of the clue to the Egyptian hieroglyphics. Calling on him a few days ago, Gurney found him busy about his Egyptian Dictionary, though very ill. He is aware of his state, but that makes him most anxions to finish his work. 'I would not,' he said to Gurney, live a single idle day."'" ."-Diary, &c. of Henry Crabb Robinson, ed. Bost., 1870, ii.

95.

Young, Rev. Thomas. 1. Essay on Humanity to 2. Christ's ReAnimals, 1798, 12mo. Abridged, 1809. surrection; a Sermon, 1811, 8vo. 3. Christ's Righteousness; a Sermon, 1811, 8vo.

Young, Thomas. Practical Geometry, 1810, 8vo. Young, Thomas, of Kent. 1. Monumental Pillars, 2d ed., Lon., 1818, 12mo. 2. Asiel; or, The Young Convert Described, 12mo. 3. Three Sermons on JustiThoughts on Sanctification, 12mo. fication, 12mo. 4. Dialogues on Justification, 12mo. 5. 6. Seven Sermons on

the Lord's Prayer, York, 1827, 12mo. Young, Thomas. British Literature; an Essay, with 3 wood-cuts by Bewick, Newc., 1827, Svo. Privately printed.

Young, Thomas, Superintendent of a Land Company. Narrative of a Residence on the Musquito Shore, 1839-41; with an Account of Truxillo, &c., Lon., 1842, r. 12mo; 2d ed., 1846, (some 1847,) p. 8vo.

Young, Thomas John, b. in Charleston, S.C., 1803; graduated at Yale College, 1823; ordained in the Prince William, 1828-36, of St. John's Church, John's Prot. Epis. Church, 1827; was minister of St. Luke and

Island, 1836-47, and Assistant Rector of St. Michael's Church, Charleston, from 1847 until his death, 1852. A list of his sermons, &c. will be found in Sprague's Annals, v., Episcopalian, 692.

Young, Townsend, LL.D. 1. Pronouncing and Etymological Spelling-Book, Dubl., 1842, 12mo; 50th 1000, by Rev. E. Groves, 1862, 12mo. 2. Outlines of the History of Ireland, 1848, 18mo; last ed., 1863, fp. Svo.

"Written with care and taste."-Lon. Athen., 1848, 677.

3. The Hand-Book to the Writing-Desk, 1867, 12mo. 4. A Hand-Book, or Introduction, to English History;

from the Text of Dr. Lingard, with Continuation to the | History of American Colleges, by the Rev. Henry R. Reign of Queen Victoria: Adapted for the Use of Schools, 1867, fp. 8vo.

Edited Baillie's Analysis of Alvary's Prosody, and Walker's Critical Dictionary.

Young, W. Twelve Letters to Young Men on the Sentiments of Frances Wright and Robert D. Owen, Phila., 1830, 8vo.

Young, W. Key to the Metropolitan Building Act, 18 and 19 Vict. c. 122, &c., Lon., 1856, 12mo. Young, W. T., Consul at Palestine. The Truth in Regard to England, by M. de Vanguyon, written in 1817; translated, Lon., 1847, 8vo.

Young, Rev. W. Torbet. Aurora; or, Rays of Light on the Road to Life, Dubl., Dec. 1865, 32mo.

Young, Walter. Vade-Mecum and Cornucopia; or, Tables of the Statutes concerning Justices; with an Epitome of Staundford's Pleas of the Crown, Lon., 1660, 8vo; 7th ed., 1663, 12mo.

Young, Rev. Walter. Essay on Rhythmical Measures; Trans. Edin. Soc., vol. ii. 55.

Young, Rev. William, d. 1757. 1. With FIELDING, HENRY, Plutus, translated from Aristophanes, Lon., 1722, 8vo; with the Clouds, by R. Cumberland, the Frogs, by C. Dunster, and the Birds, by 1812, 8vo. 2. New Latin-English Dictionary and New English-Latin Dictionary, 1756, 8vo; 5th ed., 1778, 8vo; stereotyped, 1810, 8vo. New ed., 1822, 8vo. It was attacked in An Examination of a Late English-Latin and Latin-English Dictionary, &c., 8vo. See Lon. Mon. Rev., 1757, i. 282. Young edited R. Ainsworth's Latin Dictionary.

"Of Edward Young [author of the Night Thoughts] an anecdote which wanders among readers is not true,-that he was

Fielding's Parson Adams. The original of that famous painting

was William Young, who was a clergyman. He supported an uncomfortable existence by translating for the booksellers from the Greek, and, if he did not seem to be his own friend, was, at least, no man's enemy."-SIR HERBERT CROFT: Life of Edward Young, in Johnson's Lives of the Poets.

Young, Sir William, Bart., b. near Canterbury, 1750, and educated at Cambridge and Oxford; M.P. for St. Mawes, 1783; F.R.S., 1786; d., whilst Governor of Tobago, 1815.

1. Some Observations of the Nature, &c. of our New W. I. Colonies, 1764, 8vo. 2. Considerations on ditto,

1764, 8vo. 3. The Spirit of Athens, Lon., 1777, 8vo; 2d ed., The History of Athens, 1786, 4to; 3d ed., 1804, 8vo. "The mere English reader will, I think, know more of Athens from this publication than from any he has yet seen; and the classical reader who studies the Grecian historians and philosophers will henceforward study them with Mr. Young before him."-MATY.

The three editions were noticed with mingled praise and censure by Lon. Mon. Rev., 1777, i. 418; 1787, i. 457; 1806, ii. 57.

4. Observations on the Poor-Laws, 1788, 8vo. 5. Speech on the Slave-Trade, 1791, 8vo. 6. Rights of Englishmen, 1793, 8vo. 7. Account of the Black Charaibs in the Island of St. Vincent, &c., 1795, 8vo. 8. Considerations on Poor-Houses and Work-Houses, 1796, 8vo. 9. Instructions for the Armed Yeomanry, 1799, 8vo. 10. The West India Common-Place Book, 1807, 4to.

"An authority extremely unsafe."-Edin. Rev., xxv. 322. See, also, xi. 145, and Lon. Mon. Rev., 1808, ii. 344. In vol. iii. of Edwards's West Indies, (see EDWARDS, BRYAN, M.P.,) Sir William published his Tour through Barbadoes, &c. in 1791-92. See, also, TAYLOR, BROOK, LL.D., No. 4; Lon. Gent. Mag., 1815, i. 373, and 1816, ii. 632, (Obituary.)

Young, William. Speeches [in House of Assemb. N.S.] on the Mines and Minerals of Nova Scotia, 8vo.

Young, William, a descendant in the direct male line of Sir John Young, Knight, of Leny, Scotland, Chamberlain to Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1561, was b. at Deptford, Kent, 1809, and in 1839 married in England an American lady, in consequence of which he emigrated to America, where from 1848 (with the exception of a year spent in Europe) until 1867 he edited The Albion, (New York,) of which he was the proprietor. March 17, 1868, he started, in New York, Every Afternoon, which was discontinued in four weeks, after a heavy loss.

1. One Hundred Songs of P. J. de Béranger; translated, (with the French on the opposite page,) Lon., 1847, 18mo. 2. Two Hundred Lyrical Poems of P. J. de Béranger, done into English Verse, N. York, 1850, 12mo, and (illustrated) 8vo; 2d ed., 1857, 12mo; 3d ed., 1869, 12mo, pp. 370. Add to this Carmina Collegensia: Complete Collection of American College Songs, with

Waite, N. York, 1868. 3. Mathieu Ropars, Et Cetera, by an Ex-Editor, 1868, 12mo. 4. The Man Who Laughs; from the French of Victor Hugo: Part I., Sea and Night; Part II., By the King's Command, 1869, 8vo. See, also, TURNER, A. A., No. 1, (the galleries are those of Belmont, Sturges, Wright, Roberts, Webb, Hoey, Jacques, Cozzens, &c. :) to which add Pictures and Painters; a Selection of Gems of Modern Art, Engraved in Line by Eminent Artists; with Descriptive Text by T. Addison Richards, Corresponding Secretary of the National Academy of Design, and Professor of Art in the University of the City of New York, (Dec. 1869,) 1870, 4to. Young, William Curling. The English in China, Lon., 1840, fp. 8vo.

Young, William H. P., British Service, late State Prisoner in Portugal. Narrative of his Imprisonment and Trial; written by Himself, Lon., 1828, 8vo; 2d ed., 1833, 8vo. See Lon. Mon. Rev., 1829, i. 31.

Young, William T. Sketch of the Life and Public Services of General Lewis Cass, with the Pamphlet on the Right of Search, and some of his Speeches on the Great Political Questions of the Day, Detroit, 1852, 8vo, pp. 420; 2d ed., 1852, 8vo.

"A campaign life; tells nothing-and tells it more voluminously than usual."-Parton's Life of Andrew Jackson, i., xxiv. Young, William Toy, of St. Paul's Chapel, Birmingham. 1. Seventy [-one] Sermons on the Doctrines and Duties of Christianity, consisting partly of Discourses Altered and Abridged from the Works of Eminent Divines, Birm. and Lon., 1807, 2 vols. 8vo.

"Plain, practical, and short."-Lon. Mon. Rev., 1808, ii. 325. chiefly from the Works of Eminent Divines, Birm., 2 2. Fifty-Two Sermons on Practical Subjects, compiled

vols. 8vo.

Younge, Ann Emma de. Joy; or, New Dramatic Charades, Lon., 1860, sq. 16mo.

Younge, Edward. 1. With JERVIS, JOHN, Reports in the Exch. and Exch. Chamber, at Law, in Equity, and in Error, 1826-30, Lon., 1828-30, 3 vols. r. 8vo. See PRICE, GEORGE, No. 1. 2. Reports in the Exch. in Equity, 1830-32, 1833. r. 8vo. 3. Report of Small v. Attwood in Exch., 1833, r. 8vo. 4. With COLLYER,

JOHN, Reports in the Exch. in Equity, 1834-42, 183646, 4 vols. r. 8vo. 5. With COLLYER, JOHN, Reports of New Cases in Chancery, 1841-44, 1843-44, 2 vols. r. 8vo. See, also, EAGLE, F. K.

Younge, Rev. Hercules. 1. Two Critical Dissertations on Luke i. 2 and Jude 6, 1770, 8vo. 2. Select Odes of Anacreon, with Critical Annotations; to which are added Translations and Imitations of the Ancient Authors, 1802, 12mo. Posthumous.

Younge, John. See YONG, or YONGE, JOHN.

Younger, John, of St. Boswell's, co. of Roxburgh, Scotland. River Angling for Salmon and Trout, in the Tweed and its Tributaries, Edin., 1840, 32mo; with a Memoir of the Author, Kelso, 1861, fp. 8vo; Enlarged and Re-edited, 1864.

"The Angling-Book for Scotland,-and on all that relates to fishing the very highest authority."-Lon. Rev.

"To the young Trout-Fisherman we say, Get Younger's little book, and study it, and you have the whole art of Trout-Fishing. To old fishermen we can say that it is the best and most practical book upon this class of fishing ever published."-The

Field.

Also commended by Lon. Reader, Lon. Daily Rev., and Kelso Chron.

Younger, William. Brief View of the Late Troubles and Glorious Restitution of Charles II., Lon., 1660, 8vo.

Younghusband, Israel. Directions for the Better Cultivation of Land for Flax-Seed, and for the Management of Flax, Dubl., 1764, 8vo.

Youngman, William. Truth and Excellence of the Christian Revelation Demonstrated, Lon., 1834, 12mo; 2d ed., 1855, 18mo. See, also, CRUDEN, ALEXANDER, (1845, imp. 8vo;) WARDLAW, RALPH, D.D., No. 14.

Ypey, Adolphus, M.D. 1. Observationes Physiologica de Motu Musculorum Voluntaria et Vitalia, &c., Lon., 1776, 8vo. 2. Elementa Physiologia Humani Corporis, Frane., 1785 8vo.

Yuille, Major-General. Traditions &c., respecting Sir William Wallace, collected chiefly from Publications of a Recent Date, Edin., 1856, 8vo, pp. 32. Anon.

Yule, A. Concerning the Answer of Prayer.
Yule, Alexander. See JULIUS, ALEXANDER.
Yule, Captain Henry C. B., late of the Royal

Engineers, Bengal. 1. Fortification: for the Use of
Officers in the Army, and Readers of Military History,
Edin., Dec. 1851, 8vo; 1854, 8vo.

"One of the best works of its class."-Brit. Army Despatch. "The best elementary book in the English language on the subject."-Lon. Sun.

2. A Narrative of the Mission sent by the GovernorGeneral of India to the Court of Ava in 1855; with Notices of the Country, Government, and People, with 24 plates, 50 wood-cuts, and 4 maps, 1858, imp. 8vo, £1 128. 68. A beautiful volume. Captain Yule was Secretary to the Envoy of the Mission.

"This interesting, conscientious, and well-written work."Lon. Exam., 1858.

"A fresh, full, and luminous report."-Lon. Athen., 1858, i. 233.

Also commended by Lon. Spec., Feb. 20, 1858. See, also, Lon. Gent. Mag., 1861. i. 557.

3. Cathay and the Way Thither: Being a Collection of Medieval Notices of China; Translated and Edited; with a Preliminary Essay on the Intercourse between China and the Western Nations Previous to the Dis

covery of the Cape Route, 1867, 2 vols. 8vo, (Hakluyt Soc.)

"Of many good books published during the last few years by the Hakluyt Society this is probably the best, and certainly the fullest and most complete. ... The entire work is an excellent guide to the understanding of a famous episode in the history of European enterprise and discovery."-Trübner's Amer, and Orient. Lit. Record, June 15, 1867.

4. The Travels of Marco Polo; a New English Version, with Copious Illustrative Notes, with Original Maps and other Illustrations, in prep., 1870, 8vo. See MARSDEN, WILLIAM, D.C.L., No. 5; WRIGHT, THOMAS, near end.

Yule, J., M.D. Observations on the Contagious Fever now Prevalent in the City of Edinburgh, Edin., 1818, 8vo.

Yule, Captain P. Remarks on the Disputed North-Western Boundary of New Brunswick, Lon., 1838, 8vo; 2d ed., 1838, Svo.

Yule, William. Apothegms of Alee, the Son of Abo Talib, translated, (with the original Arabic,) Edin., 1832, 4to, lithographed on tinted paper.

Z.

Zaba, N. F. Principal Features and Literature of Poland, Lon., 1856, 12mo.

Zabriskie, Abraham O., LL.D., graduated at the College of New Jersey, 1825. Reports of Cases argued and determined in the Supreme Court, and in the Court of Errors and Appeals, of the State of New Jersey, 18471855, New Brunswick and Trenton, 1850-56, 4 vols. 8vo. Zabriskie, F. N. God's Battle; a Sermon, July 4, 1861, Albany, 1861, 12mo.

Zabriskie, J. C. 1.. Oration, July 4, 1843, Princeton, N. Jersey, 1843. 2. The Public Land Laws of the United States, with Instructions and Decisions appertaining thereto, Enactments, Practice, Forms, and an Appendix, San Francisco, 1870, 8vo, pp. vii., 1160.

Zacharie, I., Surgeon Chiropodist. Surgical and Practical Observations on the Diseases of the Human Foot, N. York, 1860, 12mo.

Zachos, Rev. John C., b. in Constantinople, of Greek parentage, 1820, graduated at Kenyon College, Ohio, 1840. 1. New American Speaker, N. York, 1852, 12mo; 1857, 12mo. 2. Analytic Elocution, 1861, 12mo. 3. New System of Phonic Reading without Changing Orthography, Bost., 1863, pamph. 4. Phonic Primer and Reader, 1864, 12mo. He edited the Ohio Journal of Education, vol. i., 1852, and contributed to The Christian Examiner. See, also, SOULE, RICHARD, Jr., No. 3.

Zadkiel the Seer. See MORRISON, LIEUT. R. J.: add-1. Tables to be Used in Calculating Nativities, new ed., Lon., 1850, 12mo. 2. Astronomical Ephemeris, 1859, 1860, 1861, in 1 vol. 12mo, Dec. 1858; for 1862, 1863, 1864, in 1 vol. 12mo, 1861 and 1862. 3. HandBook of Astrology, 12mo, vol. ii., 1864. 4. Almanac and Herald of Astrology, 41st year, 1871. See Lon. Reader, 1863, ii. 3, 194, 286.

"His prophetic writings, under the pseudonym of Zadkiel the Seer,' were begun in Liverpool nearly forty years ago. As a close and intelligent observer of meteorological phenomena, Lieut. Morrison obtained great praise twenty-five years ago, when he was an active member of the Meteorological Society. At that time his weather prophecies were frequently wonderfully correct."-Amer. Lit. Gaz., Sept. 1, 1868, 251.

Zavarr. The Viking, an Epic Poem, with Notes, Lon., 1849, fp. 8vo.

"This is a perfect vade-mecum of Runic song and mythology. In the poem, generally, there is much spirit, and often very striking and beautiful passages."-Lon. Lit. Gaz., 1849, 148.

Zeigenhert, Mrs. Sophia F. 1. Abridgment of the Roman History, Lon., 1807, 2 vols. 12mo. 2. Seabrook Village and its Inhabitants, 12mo. 3. Epitome of the History of England, 12mo.

Zeis, Victor. The Gas-Meter and its Operations, illustrated for the Benefit of the Consumer, Cin., 1866, 12mo, pp. 8.

his death, at Goshen, on the Muskingum River, Ohio, 1808. 1. Essay of a Delaware Indian and English Spelling-Book, for the Use of the Christian Indians on Muskingum River, Phila., Miller, 1776, 12mo. Very rare. Trübner's Bibl. Guide to Amer. Lit., 1859, 260, £1 16′′. Second edition, 1806, 12mo; again, 1816, 12mo. 2. Ehelittonhenk li Amemensak; Sermons to Children; Translated into the Delaware Language, 1803. 3. A Collection of Hymns for the Use of the Christian Indians of the Missions of the United Brethren in America; in the Delaware Language, 1803, 12mo; 2d ed., Revised by Rev. Adam Luckenbach, Bethlehem, 1847. 4. The History of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, &c., by the Rev. Samuel Lieberkühn: Translated into the Delaware Indian, N. York, 1821, 12mo. 5. Verbal Biegungen der Delawaren. In Vater's Analekten der Sprachenkunde, Leipzig, 1821. By an error of the editors, these conjugations are called in the Analekten Chippeway, instead of Delaware, conjugations.

Zeisberger left in MS. the following works-6. Grammar of the Language of the Lenni-Lenape or Delaware Indians; Translated from the German Manuscript of the Late Rev. David Zeisberger by Peter Stephen Du Ponceau; with a Preface and Notes by the Translator, Phila., 1827, 4to, pp. 188, 1, (Amer. Phil. Trans., N.S., iii.) "Cette grammaire est plus complète que celle de J. Eliot, impr. à Cambridge en 1666, (voy. Eliot.) C'est, selon M. Du Ponceau, le meilleur traité de ce genre qu'il ait vu en Amérique; et comme le dialecte enseigné dans ce livre passe pour un des plus curieux qui existent, on peut dire que c'est un ouvrage fort remarquable."-BRUNET: Manuel, 5th ed., v (1864) 1531.

See, also. Jour. des Savants, Sept. 1828 and Oct. 1829. 7. Onondagoische Grammatica von D. Zeisberger; with an English Translation by Peter S. Du Ponceau. 8. Deutsch und Onondagoisches Wörterbuch, von David Zeisberger, vols. 4to. In Lib. of Amer. Phil. Soc., tionary: the result of years of labour. Phila. This is a complete German and Onondago Die9. Onondago and German Vocabulary. 10. A Dictionary in German and Delaware. 11. Essay towards an Onondago Grammar; or, A Short Introduction to Learn the Onondago or Macqua Tongue. 12. Short Biblical Narratives, in Delaware. 13. Phrases and Vocabularies in Delaware. 14. Delaware Glossary. 15. Vocabulary in Maqua and Delaware. See Heckwelder's Narrative; Amer. Reg., v.; Allen's Amer. Biog. Dict., 3d ed., 1857, 894; The Life and Times of David Zeisberger, by the Rev. Edmund de Schweinitz, Phila., 1870, 8vo.

Zell, a pseudonym. Social Influence; or, Take Care of the Boys, Phila., 1865, 16mo.

Zellar, H. The Birth of Christ, and The Iron Pen, Lon., 1846, 18mo.

Zeisberger, David, one of the most excellent of
men, b. in Moravia, Germany, 1721, emigrated to Georgia, Religion and Philosophy of the Romans, 1867.

Zeller, Professor. See STAINTON, H. T., No. 1.
Zeller, Professor Edward. A Lecture on the

1738, and thence removed to Pennsylvania, and was one
of the founders of the Moravian settlements of Bethlehem
and Nazareth, and subsequently removed to Ohio; was
a Moravian preacher among the Indians from 1746 until

"Well spoken of. The best portion of it is that in which he draws a contrast between the religions of Rome and Greece, and the extent to which the former was modified by the latter."Amer. Lit. Gaz., May 15, 1867.

Zender, Joachim Denis Laurent, M.D., b. at Paris, 1805, and educated at the Collége Royal de Louis le Grand, and at the Theological Seminary of St. Sulpice, Paris, emigrated to America as a missionary in 1828, and taught in several R. C. colleges, and subsequently studied medicine; was ordained as a Protestant minister in New York, 1844, and gathered a French congregation. 1. Anthroponomy, or Magneto-Physiognomico Craniology: a New System on the Magnetic Constitution of Man, &c., Phila., 1843; 2d ed., N. York, 1850; 3d ed., 1863, pp. 99 and Appendix; 4th ed., 1869, 12mo, pp. 186. 2. Almanach et Directorium Français des EtatsUnis, 12mo, annually, 1848-68. 3. ABECEDAIRE Français-Anglais illustré, suivi d'un Vocabulaire Pittoresque, contenant environ 500 vignettes, 6th ed., 1853, 12mo, pp. 60. 4. Guide des Etats-Unis, pour les Chemins de Fer, la Navigation, les Lois et les Institutions de l'Amérique du Nord, 1858, 12mo. Also large phrenological charts, in English, French, and Spanish.

Zenger, John Peter, a native of Germany, commenced printing in the city of New York in 1726, and Nov. 5, (Oct. 5 on No. 1 is an error,) 1733, established the New York Weekly Journal, continued by him until his death in 1746, by his widow until 1748, and by his son until about 1752. The title was revived by John Holt in 1766. He was arrested, Nov. 17, 1734, for "printing and publishing several seditious libels" in the New York Weekly Journal, Nos. 7, 47, 48, and 49; tried in 1735, and defended by Andrew Hamilton, of Philadelphia, who contended, contrary to the charge of the bench, that the jury had a right to judge of the law as well as the fact, the truth of the libel as well as the publication; and acquitted, to the great delight of the people and deep disgust of the court. See his Trial, 4th ed., Lon., 1738, 4to, (and Remarks on, 1738, 4to;) Boston, 1738, 4to; Lon., 1750, 8vo; N. York, 1751, fol.; Lon., 1752, 8vo; Lancaster, 1756, fol.; Lon., (with Trial of William Owen,) 1764, 8vo; N. York, 1770, 4to; Bost., 1799, 4to. A copy of the Trial, Lon., 1738, 4to, was sold at T. H. Morrell's sale, Nov. 1868, 728, for $10; same edition, J. A. Rice's sale, Mar. 1870, 2648, $8.75; edit. Lancaster, 1756, fol., T. H. Morrell, 1869, 513, full purple Levant morocco by Matthews, rich inside borders, $100; and 364, same sale, The Charter of the City of New York, printed by Zenger, full crimson Levant morocco, rich gilt back, and inside borders, by Matthews, $100. See, also, Holmes's Annals; Thomas's Hist. of Printing, Index; Cat. of N. York State Lib., 1856, 827.

"Gouverneur Morris, instead of dating American liberty from the Stamp Act, traced it to the prosecution of Peter Zenger, a printer in the colony of New York, for an alleged libel; because that event revealed the philosophy of freedom both of thought and speech, as inborn human right, so nobly set forth in Milton's treatise on Unlicensed Printing."-H. T. TUCKERMAN: America and her Commentators, 1864, 7.

Zenner, Gustav. Treatise on Valve-Gears, Lon.,

1869, 8vo.

Zentner, L. A Select Collection of Landscapes from the Best Old Masters; to which are added Portraits of the Artists and a Short Biographical Account of each, (in French and English,) with 50 line engravings and 36 portraits, Lon., 1791, ob. fol. See THANE, J. Zerthi, G. G.

Goethe's Faust, with Critical and Explanatory Notes, Lon., 1859, p. Svo.

Zero. A Succinet View of the American Contest, &c.; First Published in 1778, &c., Lon., 8vo, pp. 35. The date 1782 is at the end of the preface.

Zeublin, D. Outlines of Letter-Writing, Cin., 1859. Zeuner, Charles. 1. American Harp, Bost. Ancient Lyre. 3. Musical Manual.

2.

Ziegler, George J., a native of Longacoming, N. Jersey, graduated M.D. at the University of Penna., 1850. 1. Zoo-adynamia, Phila., 1850, 8vo. 2. Researches on the Medical Properties and Applications of Nitrous Oxide, Protoxide of Nitrogen, or Laughing Gas, 1865, 12mo, pp. 66. Contributed to N. Jersey Med. Reporter, Bost. Med. and Surg. Jour., Amer. Jour. of Med. Sci., Dental News Letter, &c., and is one of the editors of the Dental Cosmos.

Ziegler, H. B. 1. A Series of Views in Norway, with the Costumes of the Peasants, Lithographed; 25 Plates, with descriptive letter-press, Lon., imp. fol., £5 58.; col'd, £10 10. 2. Royal Lodges in Windsor Great Park; from Drawings executed by L. Haghe, in Lithography, 1839, fol., £1 11s. 6d. ; col'd, £3 38.

Ziegler, Henry, D.D., Lutheran, of Selinsgrove, Penna. Inaugural Address as Professor in the Missionary Institute, 1858, 8vo. Contributor to Evangel. Rev.

Zillwood, J. O. 1. XVI. Occasional Sermons for Prisoners, &c., Dorches., 1829, 12mo. 2. Book of Psalms, with Notes, &c., Lon., 1855, 2 vols. 8vo. 3. The Promised Rest; a Sermon, 1857, 12mo.

Zincke, Rev. Foster Barham, Vicar of Wherstead, near Ipswich, and Chaplain-in-Ordinary to the Queen, was in 1840 ordained to the curacy of Andover, Hampshire, where he remained for a year. 1. Some Thoughts about the School of the Future; or, A Sketch of the Solution which Time appears to be preparing for the Different Educational Questions of the Day, Lon., 1852, p. 8vo.

"A large amount of most valuable matter."-Lon. Chris. Times.

2. The Duty and Discipline of Extemporary Preaching, 1866, p. 8vo; 2d ed. in a few months, and republished, N. York, Oct. 1867, 8vo. See A Treatise on Homiletics, by Daniel P. Kidder, D.D., N. York, 1868, 16mo, 452, 475. 3. Last Winter in the United States: being Table-Talk collected during a Tour through the Late Southern Confederation, the Far West, the Rocky Mountains, &c., Lon., Nov. 1868, p. 8vo. Mr. Zincke remarks,

"It is a remarkable fact that the English spoken in America is not only very pure, but also is spoken with equal purity by all classes. This, in some measure, of course, results from the success of their educational efforts, and from the fact which arises out of it, that they are, almost to a man, a nation of readers. But not only is it the same language, without vulgarisms, in the mouth of all classes, but it is the same language, without any dialectical differences, over the whole continent."

Zippel, Rev. J. G. The World's Crisis, and the Restitution of All Things, Lon., 1854, p. 8vo. Ziska, Leopold. Hand-Book of the Four Elements of Ventilation, Lon., 1850, r. 8vo.

Zornlin, Miss Rosina M. 1. What is a Comet, Papa? Lon., 1835. 2. Recreations in Physical Geography, 1840, fp. 8vo; 1848, fp. 8vo; 1854, fp. 8vo. 3. Recreations in Geology, 2d ed., 1841, fp. 8vo; 3d ed., 1852, fp. 8vo. 4. The Bible Narrative, Chronologically Arranged, new ed., 1812, 12mo: 4th ed., 1855, 12mo. 5. What is a Voltaic Battery? 1842, 12mo. See Lon. Athen., 1842, 833. 6. The World of Waters; or, Recreations in Hydrology, 1843, fp. 8vo; 1844, fp. 8vo. See Lon. Athen., 1843, 712. 7. Physical Geography for Families and Schools, 1851, 24mo; Revised, with Additions, by William L. Gage, Master of the Taunton High School, Bost., 1855, 12mo. Commended by N. Amer. Rev., 1xxxii. 281. 8. Outlines of Geology, Lon., 1852, 18mo. 9. Sandford and Merton, by Thomas Day; Abridged and Modernized, 18mo.

Zotti, Romualdo. 1. Gerusalemme Libérata di Torquato Tasso, con Note, &c., Lon., 1806, 2 vols. 12mo; 1812, 2 vols. 12mo; 1820, 2 vols. 12mo; 1842, 2 vols. Svo. Commenced by Sig. Nardini. See Lon. Mon. Rev., 1806, iii. 439. 2. La Divina Commedia di Dante Alighieri, with Explanatory Notes, 1808, 3 vols. 18mo; 1820, 3 vols. 12mo. 3. Le Rime di Francesco Petrarca, illustrate di Note di varj Comentatori scelte ed abbreviate, 1811, 3 vols. 12mo. 4. Metastasio, Abate Pietro, Opere, illustrate di Note e Dilucidazioni Grammaticali, 1813, 6 vols. 12mo. Sotheby's, in 1821, £2.. 5. Teatro Italiano, o sia Scelta di Commedie e Tragedie di buoni Autori, 1815, 3 vols. 12mo; 1822, 3 vols. 12mo. 6. Scelta di Tragedie di Alfieri, 1819, 2 vols. 12mo. 7. Grammaire Italienne de Veneroni, Revue, &c., 1823, 12mo; 1831, 12mo. Grammaire Italienne et Française de Romualdo Zotti, &c.; Revue, &c. par P.-Z. E. Veroni, 1843, 12mo; 1819, 12mo; 1854, 12mo; 1862, 12mo. 8. Clef des Thèmes de la Grammaire Italienne, 1824, 12mo: 1827, 12mo: 1846, 12mo. 9. Nouveau Vocabulaire François, Anglois et Italien, 4th ed., by P. Z. E. Veroni, 1827, 12mo; 1838, 12mo.

Zouch, Rev. Henry, Justice of the Peace, and brother of Thomas Zouch, D.D., (infra.) d. 1795. 1. Remarks on the Late Resolutions of the House of Commons on the Poor-Laws, &c., Lon., 1776, 8vo. 2. Observations on a Bill in Parliament on Imprisonment, &c., 1779, 8vo. 3. A Few Words on Behalf of the Poor, 1782, 4to. Other publications. See Lon. Gent. Mag, 1795, i. 534, and (by Rev. T. Zouch) ii. 700, (Obituary :) H. Walpole's Letters, ed. 1861, iii. 156, 171, 177, 184, 193, 273 et seq.

Zouch, Richard, b. at Ansley, Wiltshire, 1590, and chosen Fellow of New College, Oxford, 1609; became B.C.L., 1614, D.C.L., 1619, Regius Professor of Law at Oxford, 1620; M.P. for Hythe, 1621: Chancellor of the Diocese of Oxford, and Principal of St. Alban's Hall,

1625; Judge of the High Court of Admiralty, 1641; in 1648 submitted to the Parliamentary Visitors, and was allowed to retain his university appointments till the Restoration, when he was reinstated as Judge of the Admiralty, and nominated a commissioner for regulating the University; d. March 1, 1660.

1. The Dove; or, Passages of Cosmography; a Poem, Lon., 1613, 8vo.

"A curious little volume, which I believe to be unique," &c. -Beloe's Anec. of Scarce Books, ii. 72.

"From this thin volume, of which not more than one or two copies are known to exist," &c.-WRANGHAM: Memoir of Thomas Zouch, D.D.

Payne & Foss's Cat., 1816, £14 148.; Hibbert, 8681, £1 68.; Bindley, Pt. 4, 908, £8; Lloyd, 1266, £12 5s.; Heber, Pt. 4, 2999, £5 108.; Skegg, 2055, £7 -2s. 6d.; Bright, £2 198. New edition, with Memoir and Notes by Richard Walker, B.D., a Descendant, Fellow of Magd. Coll., Oxford, Oxf., 1839, 8vo. Noticed, with extracts, in Lon. Gent. Mag., 1840, ii. 47. See, also, extracts in Bliss's Wood's Athen. Oxon., iii. 513. The Dove "is a concise geographical description of three quarters of the world, Asia, Africa, and Europe, in the manner of Dionysius." 2. Elementa Jurisprudentiæ, Definitionibus, Regulis et Sententiis selectionibus Juris Civilis illustrata; accesserunt Descriptiones Juris et Judicii, Sacra, Militaris et Maritimi, 1629, 8vo; 1636, 4to; 1639, 8vo; Lugd. Bat., 1652, 8vo; Hag. Com., 1665, 12mo; Amstel., 1681, 12mo.

"He [Bishop R. Sanderson] told him, also, the learned civilian Dr. Zouch had written Elementa Jurisprudentiæ,' which he thought he could also say without book, and that no wise man could read it too often."-Life of Sanderson, in Chalmers's Biog. Dict., xxvii. 119.

"A mere epitome, but neatly executed, of the principal heads of the Roman law, and nearly in its own words."-HALLAM: Lit. Hist. of Europe, 4th ed., 1854, ii. 543.

Oxon., Bliss's ed., iii. 512. See, also, Biog. Brit.; Coote's Cat. of Civilians.

Zouch, Thomas, D.D., b. near Wakefield, Yorkshire, 1737; entered Trinity College, Cambridge, 1757, Rector of Wycliffe, North Riding of Yorkshire, 1770; was chosen Fellow, 1763, and appointed Assistant Tutor; Deputy Commissary of the Archdeaconry of Richmond, 1791; Chaplain to the Master of the Rolls, and Rector of Serayingham, 1793; Prebendary of Durham, 1805; declined the bishopric of Carlisle, 1808; d. Dec. 17,

1815.

1. The Crucifixion; a Seaton Prize Poem, Cant., 1765, 4to. 2. An Inquiry into the Prophetic Character of the Romans, as described in Daniel viii. 23-25, Newc., 1792, 8vo. 3. The Good School-Master, (Rev. John Clarke,) Prophecies of the Old and New Testament, 1800, 12mo. Lon., 1798, 4to. 4. Attempt to Illustrate some of the Commended. 5. Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Sir Philip Sidney, York, 1808, 4to; 2d ed., 1809, 4to.

"Dr. Zouch has the merit of giving a luminous disposition to his scanty materials. . . . We find in this work too many of these lax and general descriptions, which delineate nothing that is individual."-ISAAC D'ISRAELI: Lon. Quar. Rev., i. (1809) 78, 79.

"A complete and well-written life of the most blameless hero that decorates the annals of our country."-Lon. Mon. Rev., 1809, ii. 337.

"This work, . . . if it did not fall still-born from the press, at least disappointed the well-founded expectations of the curious and learned."-Dibdin's Lib. Comp., 2d ed., 1825, 550. See, also, 391; Southey's Selections of Letters, ii. 123.

6. Memoir of the Life of John Sudbury, D.D., Dean of Durham, 1808, 4to. He also published An Address, Discourse, single sermons, and two Odes on Peace and War, 1795. See, also, WALTON, ISAAC: EDITIONS OF WALTON'S LIVES, &c., and infra. The Works of the Rev. Thomas Zouch, D.D., with a Memoir by the Rev. Francis Contents: Good Wrangham, York, 1820, 2 vols. 8vo. School-Master, vol. ii.; Life of Elijah, vol. ii.; Life of Zouch, vol. i.; Lonsdale, Lord, vol. ii.; Sermons, vol. i.; Sidneiana, vol. ii.; Sketches of Yorkshire Biography, vol. ii.; SUDBURY, JOHN, vol. ii. See a biographical notice of Zouch in Lon. Gent. Mag., 1816, i. 84.

3. Descriptio Juris et Judicii Feudalis, secundum Consuetudines Mediolani et Normanniæ, pro Introductione ad Jurisprudentiam Anglicanam, Oxon., 1634, 8vo; 1636, 8vo. 4. Descriptio Juris et Judicii Temporalis, secundum Consuetudines Feudales et Normannices, 1636, 4to. See No. 5. 5. Descriptio Juris et Juridicii Ecclesiastici secundum Canones et Constitutiones Anglicanas, 1636, 4to. This and No. 4 were republished in same vol. with MOCKET, RICHARD, 1683, 8vo. 6. The Sophister; a Comedy, Lon., 1639, 4to. Anon. 7. Descriptiones Juris et Judicii Sacri: Juris et Judicii Militaris; et Juris et Judicii Maritimi, Oxon., 1640, 4to; Lugd. Bat. and Amstel., 1652, 8vo. 8. Juris et Judicii Fecialis, sive Juris inter Gentes, et Quæstio-zerland, Aug. 27, 1724, and ordained 1744, took charge num de eodem Explicatio, &c., Oxon., 1650, 4to; Hag. Georgia, 1760; was a delegate from Georgia to the Conof the Independent Presbyterian Church of Savannah,

Com., 1659, 12mo.

"The author copies, and abridges a good deal from, Grotius, making constant reference to the Roman Law as a sort of universal Code. He is, however, allowed to have been the first writer who combined international, natural, and positive law, which he illustrates by historical examples."-Marvin's Leg. Bibl., 759.

See, also, Wheaton's Hist. L. N., 100; Manning's L. N., 27; Red. L. N., 40.

9. Cases and Questions resolved in the Civil Law, Oxf., 1652, 8vo. 10. Solutio Quæstionis Veteris et Novæ; sive de Legati delinquentis Judice competente Dissertatio, 1657, 8vo; Lon., 1717, 8vo; cum Notis et Animadversionibus Christiani Henelli, Coloniæ ad Sprevum, 1669, 12mo. With Marselaer's Legatus. This is on the case of Don Pantaleon Sa, brother of the Portuguese ambassador: he was executed for murder. 11. Eruditionis ingenua Specimina, scilicet Artium, Logica, Dialecticæ, &c., Oxon., 1657, 8vo. 12. Quæstionum Juris Civilis Centuria, in decem Classes distributa, 1660, 8vo; 3d ed., Lon., 1682, 12mo.

"This work was not designed for an authority for Courts, but as a disputation for the schools."-2 Phil. Rep., 268.

13. The Jurisdiction of the Admiralty of England asserted against Sir Edward Coke's Articuli Admiralitatis, in the 22d Chapter of his Jurisdiction of Courts, 1663, 8vo. Posthumous: published by Sir Timothy Baldwin. Third ed., 1685, 8vo. Also published in same vol. with Malynes's Lex Mercatoria, 1686, fol. There is also ascribed to Zouch-14. Specimen Quæstionum Juris Civilis, cum Designatione Authorum, Oxon., 1653, 4to. Anon. See, also, SANDERSON, ROBERT, D.D.

"He was an exact artist, a subtile logician, expert historian, and for the knowledge in, and practice of, the civil law, the chief person of his time, as his works, much esteemed beyond the seas, (where several of them are reprinted,) partly testify. As his birth was noble, so was his behaviour and discourse; and as personable and handsome, so naturally sweet, pleasing, and affable. The living pandect of the law."-WOOD: Athen.

"One day I dined with Dr. Zouch, who wrote the Life of Sir P. Sidney. I never saw a gentler-minded man; the few sentences of bigotry which he has written must have cost him strange efforts to bring forth, for I do not think a harsh expression could ever pass his lips, nor a harsh feeling ever enter his heart."-Robert Southey to Lieutenant Southey, March 14, 1809:

Southey's Life and Corresp., ch. xv.

Zubly, John Joachim, D.D., b. at St. Gall, Swit

stitutional Congress, 1775-76, but opposed separation from England, and returned to Savannah, which his unpopularity forced him to leave; d. in S. Carolina, July 23, 1781, and was buried in Savannah.

1. The Real Christian's Hope in Death, &c.; with a Preface by the Rev. Richard Clarke, Charlestown, 1756, 12mo. 2. Sermon on the Repeal of the Stamp Act, Savannah, 1766, 8vo. 3. An Humble Enquiry into the Nature of the Dependency of the American Colonies upon the Parliament of Great Britain, and the Right of Parliament to lay Taxes on the said Colonies; by a Freeholder of South Carolina, (Charleston?) 1769, 4to, pp. 26. 4. Sermon on the Value of that Faith without which it is impossible to Please God, 1772. 5. Sermon on the Death of J. Osgood, of Midway, 1773. 6. The Law of Liberty; a Sermon on American Affairs, preached at the Opening of the Provincial Congress of Georgia, &c., Phila., 1775, 8vo; Lon., 1775, 8vo, pp. 74; Phila., 1778, 8vo.

"Warm for the Congress, but sensible. Dr. Zubly is a man of ability, and a good writer: witness, also, his rational and pathetic address to Lord Dartmouth, prefixed to this discourse." Lon. Mon. Rev., Feb. 1776, 167.

See Sprague's Annals, iii., Presbyterian, 219; GorSome of don, ii. 75; Georgia Analytic Repos., i. 49. Zubly's descendants were recently living in Savannah, (1870.)

Zuccani, E. Private Tariff of Silvered PlateGlass. Lon., 1852, 18mo.

Zuccari, Carlo. True Method of Playing an Adagio Adapted for those who Study the Violin, Lon., 8. a., ob. fol. With PASQUALI, NICCOLO, Art of Fingering the Harpsichord.

Zundel, John, formerly Organist of St. Ann's Church, St. Petersburg, and since Organist of St. George's Church, New York, and Plymouth Church, Brooklyn.

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