8vo. 2. Address before the Dialectic Society, N. Bedford, 1813, 8vo. 3. Remarks on Animal Magnetism, N. York, 1837, 12mo. 4. Extracts from a Charge to the Grand Jury, 1838, 8vo. 5. Address on the Life and Character of Hon. Samuel Howe, Worces., 1828, 8vo. 6. Sketch of the Judicial Life and Character of the Hon. Peter O. Thacher, Bost., 1843, 8vo. 7. Legal Opinion on the Constitutionality of the Massachusetts Prohibitive Liquor Law, 1855, 8vo. 8. Nullification and Compromise, N. York, (Loyal Pub. Soc.,) Dec. 1863, 8vo. Refers to Nullification in S. Carolina in 1832. Contributor to U. 6. Lit. Gaz., Jurist, Journal of Education, &c. See, also, HOBART, SIR HENRY, (d. 1625 :) add to ed. of 1724: Pref. to Jenk. Centuries; 4 Kent, 603, n., 8th ed.; 6 Durn. & E., 441; 1 Ves. Sr., 305; Lord Raym., 1161; 3 Atk., 695; 6 Serg. & R., 527; 1 Ang. Law Intel., 344; No. 63 Law Mag., 96; 4 Law Mag., 9; 1 Amer. Jur., 334. Williams, John Wilkins. A Clean Skin: How to Get it and How to Keep it, Lon., 1864, 8vo. Williams, Jonathan, b. in Boston, 1752; successively Major, Lt.-Col., and Col. of Engineers U.S. Army, and elected M.C. from Philadelphia, 1814; d. in Philadelphia, May 20, 1815. 1. On the Use of the Thermometer in Navigation, Phila., 1799, 8vo. 2. Elements of Fortification; Translated, 1801. 3. Kosciusko's Manœuvres for Horse-Artillery; Translated, 1808. Papers in Trans. Amer. Soc., iii. 82, 194, and iv. 216. See Memoir of Brigadier-Gen. Williams in Nat. Port.-Gallery, ed. 1836, vol. i. He lived for some time in the family of Dr. Franklin, at Paris, and aided the philosopher in the adjustment of his accounts, which service the doctor was disposed to compensate by the present of a new watch procured for the purpose. Mr. Williams, with great presence of mind, instead of taking the watch from the doctor's hand, remarked, "I would much prefer, sir, to have your old one." He was gratified; and this valuable keepsake is now (1870) in the possession of his son, Henry J. Williams, Esq., of Philadelphia, from whose lips I heard this anecdote. Williams, Joseph, served four years as a general officer in America, in the British Army. 1. Considerations on the American War, Lon., 1782, 4to. 2. Parliamentary Reformation, 1782, 4to. See Lon. Mon. Rev., 1782, i. 300; 1783, i. 86. 3. Loose Thoughts on the Very Important Situation of Ireland. 1785, 8vo. Williams, Joseph, a merchant of Kidderminster. Extracts from the Meditations and Letters of Mr. Joseph Williams, Shrews., 1779, 12mo. An Enlarged Series of Extracts from the Diary, Meditations, and Letters of Mr. Joseph Williams, of Kidderminster: with Notes, and Letters on his Death, Edited by Benj. Hanbury, 1815, 8vo; new ed., 24mo; 3d ed., 1853, 12mo. Congreg. Mag., Sept. 1833. See Williams, Joseph, M.D. 1. On the Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathology of the Ear; being the Prize Essay in the University of Edinburgh, Lon., 1840, 8vo. 2. Essay on the Use of Narcotics and other Remedial Agents, calculated to produce Sleep, in the Treatment of Insanity; For which the Author obtained the LordChancellor's Prize in Ireland, 1845, p. 8vo. "No one accustomed to attendance upon the insane or nerYous can fail to profit by its perusal."-Lon. Athen., 1846, 814. 3. Insanity its Causes, Prevention, and Cure; including Apoplexy, Epilepsy, and Congestion of the Brain, 2d ed., 1852, p. 8vo. Commended by Ranking's Abstract, Lon. Jour. of Med., Dubl. Med. Press, &c. 4. Lunacy Question; or, The Lunatic Benefited and Protected, 1852, 8vo. Williams, Joseph. Christmas Minstrelsy, Revised by H. J. Gauntlett, Mus. Doc., Lon., 1864, fp. 4to, and p. 8vo. Williams, Joseph Lionel, a London Artist. Historic Reliques: a Series of Representations of Arms, Jewellery, Gold and Silver Plate. Furniture, Armour, &c. in Royal and Noble Collections, Colleges, and Public Institutions, &c., and which formerly belonged to Individuals Eminent in History; Drawn from the Original and Etched, Lon., 1850-51, 10 Parts, imp. 8vo, 2s. 6d., 1. p., imp. 4to, 58. See Notes and Queries, Mar. 30, 1850, 360. He contributed drawings to Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress, 1859, cr. 8vo, &c. See WILLIAMS, SAMUEL. Williams, Joshua, D.D., b. in Chester co.. Penna., 1767, pastor at Big Spring, Penna., 1802-29. d. 1838, published a sermon, and articles in periodicals. See Sprague's Annals, iv.. Presbyterian, 186. Williams, Joshua, of Lincoln's Inn, Barrister-at Law. 1. Principles of the Law of Real Property, intended as a First Book for the Use of Students in Conveyancing, Lon., 8vo, 1845; 2d ed., 1849; 3d ed., 1852; 5th ed., 1859; 6th ed., 1862; 7th ed., 1865, (Questions on, 1866, 8vo;) 8th ed., 1868. 1st Amer. ed. in New Law Lib., Harrisburg, Svo, in vol. ii.; 2d Amer. ed., from 3d Lon. ed., by W. H. Rawle, Phila., 1857, 8vo; 3d Amer. ed., from 7th Lon. ed., by W. H. Rawle, and Additional Notes and References by James T. Mitchell, 1866, 8vo. See, also, PURKIS, W. H. A work "Decidedly superior to any of its predecessors. with which no Common-Law student should neglect to provide himself at the outset of his pupilage."-Warren's Law Stu., 2d ed., 1845, 560, 766. "Written in a pleasing and agreeable style. . . . Seems to us to be generally accurate."-1 Law Rev., 402. Also commended by 9 Jur., 11, 2 Law Mag., N. S., 201, J. M. Read, &c. "The learned editor (Mr. Rawle) has given additional value to a work of great utility and of established reputation."-PROF. THEOP. PARSONS, Feb. 9, 1857. "The notes of Mr. Rawle have greatly enhanced the value of the original book.”—Amer. Law Reg., Feb. 1857. 2. Principles of the Law of Personal Property, intended for the Use of Students in Conveyancing, Lon., 8vo, 1848: 2d ed., 1853; 3d ed., 1856; 4th ed., 1860; 5th ed., 1864; 6th ed., 1866. 1st Amer. ed. in Law Lib., Phila., 8vo, in vols. lxi., lxii.; 2d Amer. ed., from 2d Lon. ed., by Benj. Gerhard and Samuel Wetherill, Phila., 1855, 8vo. This edition is commended by Law Register, Oct. 1855, and Law Reporter, Nov. 1855. 3. Letters to John Bull, Esq., on Lawyers and Law Reform, Lon., 1857, 12mo, pp. 86. "On the whole, this little book is not worthy of the reputation of the author."-Lon. Athen., 1857, 531. See, also, 1862, i. 523. 4. Essay on Real Assets, 1861, 8vo. 5. On the True Remedies for the Evils which affect the Transfer of Land: a Paper read before the Juridical Society on Monday, the 24th March, 1862, 1862, 8vo. Reviewed, not favourably, by Lon. Athen., 1862, i. 523. 6. Common-Law Right of Every Freehold Tenant of a Manor to Common on the Lord's Wastes, 1868, 8vo. See, also, WATKINS, CHARLES, No. 2. Williams, M. J. Elements of Plane and Spherical Trigonometry, Columbia, S.C. Williams, Mrs. Maria L., of Salem, Mass., d. 1867. Heart Thoughts: a Collection of Home Poems, Bost., 1859. Also, papers in periodicals. Williams, Mrs. Martha Noyes. See WILLIAMS, MRS. H. DWIGHT. Williams, Mary. Old Testament History for Little Boys and Girls, Swansea, 1864, 18mo. Williams, Maurice. The Cotton Trade of 1861 and 1862, &c., Liverp., 1863, 8vo. A reprint of two annual circulars, with Appendix, &c. Williams, Monier, son of the late Colonel Monier Williams, Surveyor-General of the Bombay Presidency, was b. at Bombay, 1819, and educated at King's College, London, East India College, Haileybury, and Balliol and University Colleges, Oxford; elected to the Boden Scholarship, 1843, and graduated B.A., 1844; Professor of Sanskrit at the E. I. College at Haileybury, 1844-58; director of the Oriental studies at the College at Cheltenham, 1858-60; Boden Professor of Sanskrit at Oxford, (succeeding H. H. Wilson,) Dec. 1860. 1. Elementary Grammar of the Sanskrit Language, &c., Lon., 1846, r. 8vo; 2d ed., Practical Grammar, &c., Oxf., 1857, r. 8vo; 3d ed., Camb., 1864, r. 8vo. "I like his [Sanskrit Grammar] far better than the French Grammar of Oppert, which Professor suggested to me. Oppert is too brief and condensed; Williams does not presume upon any previous familiarity. He is also fond of tracing evident analogies between Sanskrit and western languages."-REV. D. C. SCUDDER, (afterwards missionary in Southern India,) Nov. 23, 1860: Life and Letters, 1864, 133. There has recently appeared A Grammar of the Sanskrit Language, by Theodor Benfey, Prof. Pull. Ord. of Sanskrit in the Univ. of Goett., 2d ed., Lon., 1868, r. 8vo. 2. Vikramorvasi; a Drama by Kálidasa; Edited, 1850, 8vo. 3. Dictionary, English and Sanskrit, 1851, 4to, pp. xii., 859, £3 38. Pub. under the Patronage of the Hon. E. I. Company. 4. Sakuntalá; or Sákuntala recognized by the King; a Sanskrit Drama, in Seven Acts, by Kálidasá; the Devanagari Recension of the Text, now for the first time Edited in England, with English Translations of all the Metrical Passages, Schemes of the Metres, and copious Critical and Explanatory Notes, Hertford, 1853, r. 8vo, £1 118. 6d. "Mr. Monier Williams takes a higher position by his remarkably painstaking edition of the 'Sakuntala.'"-DR. ALBRECHT WEBER. "Son travail est exécuté avec un soin parfaite."-M. GARCIN DE TASSY. "A signal service to the students of Sanscrit literature."— PROF. CHRISTIAN LASSEN. See, also, Westm. Rev., and Lon. Athen., 1854, 339. 5. Sákoontalá; or, The Lost Ring: a Free Translation, in Prose and Verse, of Kálidása's Drama, 1855, 4to, pp. 300, £2 2s., or in morocco, £3 38.; 2d ed., 1855, 4to; 3d ed., 1856, 4to. Beautifully printed with wood-cuts and head- and tail-pieces in gold and colours. The text only, without the borders or illustrations, imp. 16mo, 58. "Exceedingly creditable to his scholarship and taste, and is a great improvement upon the original translation by Sir William Jones."-H. H. WILSON. 12. "An antiquary and author who was in advance of his age, and has not yet received his due share of fame."-THOMAS WATTS: Welsh Lang. and Lit., in Knight's Eng. Cyc. See, also, Lives of Em. Welshmen, by Rev. Robert Williams, N. W. "Sovereign and Subject;" in Six Williams, Nathaniel. Imago Seculi; or, The Williams, Nathaniel, M.D., graduated at Harvard College, 1693; was ordained as an evangelist, 1698; became Master of the Smith Grammar-School, Boston; d. 1738, aged 63. Method of Practice in the Small-Pox; with Observations on the Way of Inoculation, Bost., 1752, 8vo, pp. 16. Williams, Nathaniel M., pastor of the Baptist Church at Somerville, Mass.; b. 1813, at Salem, Mass.; graduated at Colby University, Waterville, Maine, 1837. 1. The Relation of the Sunday-School to the Church, Bost., 1860, pp. 50. 2. The Gospel according to Matthew; with Notes intended for Sabbath-Schools, Families, and Ministers; with Illustrations, 1870, 8vo, pp. xiii., 332. "Except where the author's peculiar ecclesiastical system differs from that in which we were educated, we think well of his comments."—(Lutheran) Evangel. Quar. Rev., (Gettysburg,) April, 1870. Contributed to Bibl. Sacra and to the Christian Rev. Williams, Nehemiah, a Congregational minister of Brimfield, Mass., graduated at Harvard College, 1769, was ordained in 1775, and d. 1796. Twenty-four of his sermons were published in a volume after his death. Williams, Othniel S. Early History of Clinton, Oneida County, N. York, 1849, 8vo. See JONES, SIR WILLIAM, (p. 994.) Commended by Lon. Athen., Lon. Times, Lon. Spec., Overland Mail, and Journal des Débats. 6. Rudiments of Hindustani, with an Explanation of the Persi-Arabic Alphabet, for the Use of Cheltenham College, 1858. 7. Easy Introduction to the Study of Hindustani, &c.; also Selections in Hindustani, with a Vocabulary and Dialogues by Cotton Mather, Lon., 1858, 12mo, pp. 240. In Roman type. 8. Original Papers, illustrating the History of the Application of the Roman Alphabet to the Languages of India; Edited, 1859, 8vo, pp. 290. Intrusted to him for publication by Sir Charles Trevelyan. See Lon. Athen., 1859, ii. 628. 9. Bagh o Bahar: the Hindustani Text of Mir Amman; Edited in Roman Type, with Notes, and an Introductory Chapter on the Use of the Roman Character in Oriental Languages, 1859, p. 8vo, pp. 280. See Lon. Athen., 1859, ii. 628. 10. Hindustani Primer, 1860, 12mo. In Roman type. 11. The Study of Sanserit in Relation to Missionary Work in India: an Inaugural Lecture delivered before the University at Oxford, April 19, 1861, with Notes and Additions, 1861, 8vo. Sanscrit Manual, 1862, 12mo; 2d ed., by A. A. E. Gough, 1868, 12mo, 78. 6d. Key, 1868, 48. 13. Practical HinWilliams, P., of Llanbedrog, Wales. Ffydd Ddif dustani Grammar, containing the Accidence in Roman fuant; sef, Hanes a Rhinwedd y Ffydd Gristionagol Type; also Hindustani Selections in the Persian Cha-(temp. 1670) gan Chas. Edwards, Dolgellan, 1822, sm. racter, with a Vocabulary and Dialogues, by Cotton 8vo. Mather, formerly Assistant Professor of Hindustani at Addiscombe College, now Second Hindustani Master at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, 1862, 16mo. The student should also possess Mather's Glossary, Hindustani and English, to the New Testament and the Psalms, 1861, er. 8vo. In Roman type. 14. Story of Nala; a Sanserit Poem, with Vocabulary, and Dean Milman's Translation, [Nala and Damayanti, and other Poems, Translated into English Verse, with Notes, Oxf., 1835, imp. 8vo,] Oxf. Univ. Press. 15. Indian Epic Poetry; being the Substance of Lectures recently given at Oxford; with a Full Analysis of the Ramayana, and the Leading Story of the Maha Bharata, 1862, 8vo. He is engaged in printing a Sanscrit-and-English Dictionary -to be published by the University of Oxford-on which he has for many years been employed, (1870.) Williams, Morgan. Treasury of Theological Knowledge, Carmarthen, 1792, 2 vols. sm. Svo. "This work contains a most valuable list of nearly 2000 names of the literati and gentry of Wales at this period, their titles and addresses."-Hooten's H.-B. to Topog., (1864,) No. 5367, 7s. 6d. Williams, Morgan, of Bayfil. Collectanea neu Gasghadar o Flodeuog-waith yr Awduron Brytanaidd, Caerfyrddin, 1820, 8vo. This is a collection of old Welsh songs and hymns. Williams, Moses, b. in Cardiganshire, 1685; d., as Vicar of St. Mary's, Bridgewater, 1742. 1. Colfrestr o'r holl Lyfr au Printiedig gan mwy af a gyfansoddwd yn y Jaith Gymraeg neu a gyfjeithwyd iddi, hyd y Flwyddyn, 1717, (A Catalogue of all the Books that have been printed, and several that have been composed, in the Welsh Language, or translated into it, up to the Year 1717,) Lon., 1717, 8vo, on a single sheet. Very rare. Repub. in Y Gwyliedydd for 1832. See, also, the list of Welsh publications to 1799 in the Gwladgarwr for 1840. 2. Proposals for Printing by Subscription a Collection of Writings in the Welsh Tongue to the Beginning of the Sixteenth Century, 1719. Came to naught. This and two Welsh sermons, preached and printed by him in London in 1717 and 1719, are in the British Museum. 3. Repertorium Poeticum, sive Poematum Wallicorum, quotquot hactenus videre contigit Index Alphabeticus, 1726, 8vo. 4. Appendix at Leges Wallica Holi Boni, &c., 1730, fol. See WOTTON, WILLIAM, D.D., No. 7. "Some interesting notices of Old Monkish Welsh Legends are given in the introduction."-Hooten's H.-B. to Topog., (1864,) No. 5369. Williams, P. B. Guide to Caernarvon, 1832, 8vo. Williams, P. H. Prize Essay on the Nature and Hardly possessing novelty enough to justify the excuse for Williams, Rev. Peter, of Caermarthen, in conjunction with EVAN, THOMAS, a Welsh poet from Montgomeryshire, edited at Caermarthen "the first Welsh periodical of any kind," which appeared about 1770. Its title was Yr Eurgrawn Cymraeg, (The Welsh Treasure.) See Knight's Eng. Cyc., art. Welsh Lang. and Lit., (by Thomas Watts.) Williams, Peter, Chaplain of Christ Church, Oxford. 1. Sermon, Lon., 1786, 4to. 2. Letters concerning Education, 1786, 4to. Williams, Peter, D.D., Archdeacon of Merioneth, 1802. 1. Short Vindication of the Established Church, 1803, 12mo. 2. First Book of Homer's Iliad; Trans. into Blank Verse, 1806, 8vo. 3. Remarks on Britain Independent of Commerce, 1808, 8vo. 4. Remarks on the Recognition of each other in a Future State, 1809. Williams, Peter. Clerical Legacy: Manual of Sermons, Lon., 12mo. Williams, Peter, Jr., a man of colour. 1. Oration on the Abolition of the Slave-Trade, N. York, 1808, 8vo. 2. Discourse on the Death of Capt. Paul Cuffee, 1817, Svo; York, 1818, 8vo. Williams, Philip, D.D., Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1730, also Rector of Starston and of Barrow, published Observations, 1733, 8vo. Reply to Remarks, 1734, 8vo, and single sermons, 1738-48. Williams, Philip, D.C.L., Fellow of New College, Oxford, Vinerian Professor of Common Law, Oxford, 1824. 1. Report of the Case of an Appeal by King's College, Cambridge, against Eton College, to the Bishop of Lincoln, in Aug. 1815, Lon., 1816, 8vo. 2. The Hind and Panther, Part 4, 1835, 8vo. Dr. Williams continues the subject from 1687, where Dryden left it off, to the date of this Part 4. "The ingenuity of Mr. Williams's experiment excited our curiosity. The liberal spirit in which he has executed it entitles him to great indulgence."-Edin. Rev., lxii. 83. Williams, R. The Crisis and the Crash: a Letter to the Free-Traders of England, Lon., 1848, 8vo. Williams, R. V. and W. V. New Law and Practice in Bankruptcy, Lon., 1870, 8vo. Williams, R. W. See OLIPHANT, SIR OSCAR, No. 2. Williams, Rev. Raby, of Jamaica. Systematic View of the Revealed Wisdom of the Word of God, 1806, 8vo. Williams, Rev. Ralph. Physical Rarities, &c. for the Cure of all Diseases, &c., Lon., 1657, 8vo. Williams, Reuel, LL.D., b. in Hallowell, Me., 1783; U.S. Senator, 1837-43; d. at Augusta, Me., 1862. Speech on N.E. Boundary Line, Wash., 1838, 8vo. Williams, Richard, Surgeon, Catechist to the Patagonian Missionary in Tierra del Fuego. See Memoir of, by James Hamilton, Lon., 1853, cr. 8vo; 2d ed., 1857, 12mo. Williams, Rev. Robert, formerly of Christ Church, Oxford, Parish Curate of Llangadwaladr and Rhydycroesan, Denbighshire, Wales. 1. A Biographical Sketch of the Most Eminent Welshmen, 1836. 2. Enwagion Cymru: a Dictionary of Eminent Welshmen from the Earliest Times, Llandovery, 8vo, in Nos., 1843-52. "The articles are too brief, and not so entertaining as they might have been made by the use of materials existing in Welsh; but the volume is indispensable in every Welsh library, and one to which we have been much indebted in this general summary of the history of Welsh literature."-THOMAS WATTS: Welsh Lang. and Lit., in Knight's Eng. Cyc. 3. Lexicon Cornu-Britannicum: a Dictionary of the Ancient Celtic Language of Cornwall, in which the Words are Elucidated by Copious Examples from the Cornish Works now remaining, with Translations in English. The Synonyms are also given in the Cognate Dialects of Welsh, Armoric, Irish, Gaelic, and Manx, showing at One View the Connection between them, 1865, 3 Parts, 4to, pp. 400, £2 28. This work was announced in 1857, and subscriptions were solicited in 1860, when it was completed. Add to it the following: I. An English and Welsh Dictionary, adapted to the Present State of Science and Literature; in which the English Words are Reduced to their Originals, and Explained by their Synonyms in the Welsh Language; by Daniel Silvan Evans, Rector of Llanymaddy, 2 vols. 8vo, pp. 868, 1094. II. The National Dictionary of the Welsh Language, with English and Welsh Equivalents, to which is prefixed a Grammar of the Welsh Language: by W. Owen Pughe, D.C.L., F.A.S., 3d ed., Edited and Enlarged by Robert John Pryse, 2 vols. 8vo. III. The Myvyrian Archæology of Wales, Collected out of Ancient Manuscripts, by Owen Jones, Edward Williams, and William Owen Pughe, D.C.L., F.A.S.; to which has been added Additional Notes upon the "Gododin," and an English Translation of the Laws of Howell the Good; also, an Explanatory Chapter on Ancient British Music, by John Thomas, 2d ed., considerably Enlarged, r. Svo. IV. Encyclopædia Cambrensis, (Y Gwyddoniadur Cymreig,) 9 vols. sup. r. Svo. Nos. I.-IV. are published by Thomas Gee, Denbigh. V. Archæologica Cambrensis; a Record of the Antiquities of Wales and its Marches, and Journal of the Cambrian Archæological Association, 8vo, 1846 et seq. See, also, WILLIAMS, TALIESIN, and N. Brit. Rev., Sept. 1868, (The Four Ancient Books of Wales.) Williams, Robert, M.D., Physician to St. Thomas's Hospital, London. Elements of Medicine, Lon., 1839-41, 2 vols. 8vo. Williams, Robert, Fellow and late Lecturer of Merton College, and sometime Student of Christ Church, Oxford. The Nicomachean Ethics of Aristotle, Newly Translated into English, Lon., 1869, 8vo. Williams, Robert Folkestone, Professor of Ancient and Modern History, &c. of the Cavalry College, Richmond, England, as a part of the result of more than "thirty years' severe literary labour, rarely less than ten hours a day, sometimes more," (see preface to No. 14,) has published many works,-some under the name above, some under the name of Folkestone Williams, some anonymously, of which we notice the following: 1. Rhymes and Rhapsodies, Lon., 1833, 12mo, pp. 252. Commended by Lon. Lit. Gaz., 1833, 501. His "Fill the Wine-Cup High" will be found in Noctes Ambros., Feb. 1831, Blackw. Mag., xxix. 278. 2. Mephistopheles in England, Lon., 3 vols. p. 8vo. 3. Eureka; a Prophecy of the Future, 3 vols. p. 8vo. 4. Court and Times of James I., 2 vols. 8vo. 5. Court and Times of Charles I., 2 vols. 8vo. 6. Memoirs of Sophia Dorothea, Consort of George I., 2d ed., 1848, 2 vols. 8vo; red. to 128., 1850. 7-9. Shakespeare Novels, viz.: 7. The Youth of Shakespeare, 1838, 3 vols. p. 8vo; red. to 108. 6d., 1846; Paris, 1839, 8vo; N. York, 1847, 8vo; Phila., (1866,) 8vo. Shakespeare and his Friends; or, The "Golden Age" of Merry England, Lon., 1838, 3 vols. p. 8vo: red. to 108. 6d., 1846; Paris, 1838, 8vo; N. York, 3 vols. 12mo; Phila., 1839, 3 vols. 12mo, and (1866) 8vo. 8. 9. The Secret Passion, Lon., 1844, 3 vols. p. 8vo; N. York, 8vo; Phila., (1866,) 8vo. In this he appears as the husband of Anne Hathaway. 10. Lives of the Princes of Wales, See Heirs to the British Throne, fp. 8vo: vol. i., 1843. Lon. Athen., 1860, i. 715. 11. Maids of Honour, 1845, 3 vols. p. 8vo; 1861, fp. 8vo. 12. Strawberry Hill; an Historical Novel, 1847, 3 vols. p. 8vo. 13. The Luttrells, See Lon. 1850, 3 vols. p. 8vo; N. York, 1850, 8vo. Athen., 1850, 1041. 14. Domestic Memoirs of the Royal Family and of the Court of England; chiefly at Shene and Richmond, 1860, 3 vols. p. 8vo; red. to 10s. 6d., 1863. "An interesting, pleasant, and instructive book."-Lon. Spec. His characteristics as an historical writer have been thus summed up: "A very able and steady hand he is at discovering and stocking materials; but the artistic ability to arrange them fails him nearly altogether."-Lon. Athen., 1860, i. 715. 15. Jack Scudamore's Daughter; a Domestic Story, 1865, 3 vols. 8vo. p. 16. Lives of the English Cardinals, from Nicholas Breakspear (Pope Adrian IV.) to Thomas Wolsey, Cardinal Legate; with Historical Notices of the Papal Courts, 1868, 2 vols. 8vo. 17. Memoirs and Correspondence of Francis Atterbury, D.D., Bishop of Rochester, with his Distinguished Contemporaries, chiefly compiled from the Atterbury and Stuart Papers, 1868, 2 vols. 8vo. He wrote more than one-third of The Little Savage, which was left unfinished by Captain Marryat, and composed the concluding chapters of Fathers and Sons, the novel on which Theodore Hook was employed when death arrested his hand. Mr. Williams was also sub-editor, and subsequently editor, of the New Monthly Magazine. Williams, Robert Griffith, and Bruce, Gainsford, of the Middle Temple, Barrister-at-Law. The Jurisdiction and Practice of the High Court of Admiralty, including the Practice on Appeals, together with Forms of Pleadings. &c., Lon., 1868, Svo; with Supple ment, (1869, 8vo,) 1869, 8vo. of his against that of former days; but to the great envy, then, archery."-WooD: Athen. Oxon., Bliss's ed., i. 644. and discontent of some old-beaten soldiers and the lovers of 2. The Actions of the Lowe Countries, (with a preface by Sir John Haywarde,) 1618, 4to. Repub. in Scott's ed. of the Somers Collec. of Tracts. "The author being unlearned, and only tutored by experience, hath penned the said history with very exquisite judgment, he being an actor in the said actions or wars."-Woop: ubi supra, q. v. for notices of some minor pieces and letters of Sir Roger. Williams, Roger, b. in Wales, according to the Oxford University entry, in 1606, according to Arnold and most biographers, in 1599; placed in Sutton's Hospital (now the Charter-House) by Sir Edward Coke, June 25, 1621; obtained an exhibition, July 29, 1624; according to Elton, (1852,) matriculated at Jesus College, April 30, 1624; according to Arnold, the latest authority, (1860,) matriculated at Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1625, and graduated B.A. there, Jan. 1626-7; studied law with Sir Edward Coke, to whom, when a youth, he had recommended himself by his expertness in taking "in short-hand sermons and speeches in the Star Cham WIL "Roger Williams asserted the great doctrine of intellectual liberty. It became his glory to found a State upon that principle, and to stamp himself upon its rising institutions in characters so deep that the impress has remained to the present day, and can never be erased without the total destruction of the work. . . . He was the first person in modern Christendom to assert, in its plenitude, the doctrine of the liberty of conscience, the equality of opinions before the law; and in its defence he was the harbinger of Milton, the precursor and superior of Jeremy Taylor."-GEORGE BANCROFT: Hist. of the United States, vol. i. "If ever a Welsh Fuller should write the Worthies of Wales, Roger Williams will deserve, if not the first place, a place among the first; for he began the first civil government upon earth that gave equal liberty of conscience. . . . His history belongs to America rather than England; but we must not even thus casually mention his name without an expression of respect and reverence, for he was one of the best men who ever set foot upon the new world,-a man of genins and of virtue, in whom enthusiasm took the happiest direction and produced the best fruits."-ROBERT SOUTHEY: Lon. Quar. Rev., x. (Oct. 1813) 107, 113, ber;" after taking orders in the Church of England, was induced by his partiality to Puritan principles to emigrate to Boston, where he arrived Feb. 5, 1631. and was settled as co-pastor, with the Rev. Samuel Skelton, of the church in Salem, April 12 ensuing; rendered un comfortable by disputes with the magistrates, who disapproved of his liberal views of religious toleration, in a few months (about August, 1631) he removed to Plymouth, and became assistant to Ralph Smith, pastor of the church in that place, and retained this connection for about two years; returned to the church at Salem in the summer of 1633, officiated ministerially for a year, and in the summer of 1634, after the death of Mr. Skelton, was settled as pastor, notwithstanding the protest of the General Court. In April, 1635, the Governors and Assistants summoned him to appear at Boston, to answer to the charge of having "taught publicly that a magistrate ought not to tender an oath to an unregenerate man, for that we thereby have communion with a wicked man in the worship of God, and cause him to take the name of God in vain."-(Winthrop's Journal.) Again he denounced the law requiring every man to attend public worship and to contribute to its support. The civil power, he affirmed, "extends only to the bodies, and goods, and outward estates of men;" with conscience and with religious opinions "the civil magistrate may not intermeddle, even to stop a church from apostasy and heresy.' In July, 1635, he was solemnly arraigned before the General Court to answer the follow-scholarship in the classic languages unusually varied and exact. ing indictments: : "First, That the magistrate ought not to punish the breach of the first table, otherwise than in such cases as did disturb the civil peace. "Secondly, That he ought not to tender an oath to an unregenerate man. "Thirdly, That he ought not to pray with such, though wife, child, &c. "Fourthly, That a man ought not to give thanks, nor after meat." The next The debates terminated in a resolution to accord to him and the church in Salem "time to consider these things till the next General Court, and then either to give satisfaction or to expect the sentence." General Court convened in October, 1635, and on the 3d of the next month passed an act (approved by all of the ministers save one) banishing the stout contestant from the colony; but, hearing that he still proclaimed his obnoxious opinions and contemplated the establishment of a colony upon Narragansett Bay, the Court determined to send him to England by a ship lying in the harbour, then ready for sea. Williams, however, escaped founded (probably about the 29th of May) in 1636 the settlement of Providence, Rhode Island: lived to preserve his old adversaries from the wrath of the Indians and to render many services to his fellow-colonists and their descendants, and to preach the gospel of Christ not only to his own people but to the Children of the Forest, who revered the missionary and loved the man; closed his earthly career at a good old age, in 1683. In March, 1639, he founded the first Baptist church in the United States; but a few months after its organization he withdrew from it and became a Seeker, (one dissatisfied with existing sects.) and never afterwards united himself to any religious body, though retaining his zeal and activity for the spiritual good of others. He was buried at Providence, on the spot which he had selected as the last resting-place of his family, with "all the solemnity the colony was able to show." All that could be found of his remains was recently (May 22, 1860) exhumed by the pious care of a descendant, Mr. Randall, of North Providence, (see Hist. Mag., 1860, 777, and Proceed. Mass. Hist. Soc., 1860-62, 46;) and a "Roger Williams Monument Association" promises to spare our children the burden of a reproach which "we and our fathers"-not much to our credithave been found "able to bear." In 1771 the town of Providence voted a monument to Roger Williams: let us hope that by 1871, at farthest,-one hundred years should suffice for such a purpose,-the monument will be visible. ... "We spoke of our mutual friend, Mr. Roger Williams, of Rhode Island, that noble confessor of religious liberty. We rejoiced in the zeal of that extraordinary man and most enlightened legislator, who, after suffering persecution from his brethren, persevered, amidst incredible hardships and diffi culties, in seeking a place of refuge for the sacred ark of conscience."-JOHN MILTON: Letter to the Count Pallavicini de Saluces, the Genoese Envoy into England. Quoted in the Piedmontese Envoy, 292-294, and in Rev. Dr. Francis Vinton's Oration on the Annals of Rhode Island, &c., N. York, 1863, 8vo, 53, note i. "I hold his memory in veneration."-Ibid.: Letter to Bernard Barton, Dec. 19, 1814: Life and Corresp., ch. xix. "The celebrated Pilgrim Fathers'. compelled the evervenerated Roger Williams, the great champion of toleration, to fly from them to Rhode Island, where he founded a colony on his own truly Christian system."-ARCHBISHOP WHATELEY: Annot. on Bacon's Essays, Essay V.: Of Adversity. "His industry in every enterprise which he undertook was indefatigable. He placed the highest estimate upon the value of time. One grain of its inestimable sand,' says he, is worth a golden mountain.' . . . His knowledge, especially in history and theology, appears to have been extensive, and his As a writer, he had little time, and, it may be, little taste, for the elegances of language."-WILLIAM GAMMELL: Life of Roger Williams, ch. xv. He was the author of the following works: 1. A Key into the Language of America, or an Help to the Language of the Natives in that Part of America called New England; together with Briefe Observations of the Customes, Manners, and Worships, &c. of the aforesaid Natives in Peace and Warre, in Life and Death, &c., Lon., Bindley, Pt. Gregory Dexter, 1643, sm. 12mo. pp. 216. 4. 490, 58. 6d.; Dent, Pt. 2. 1121, 8.; Nassau, Pt. 2, "The Key' is by far the best-known of Mr. Williams's works, and is still [1844] of the highest authority respecting the subject of which it treats."-GAMMELL: Life of R. Williams, Appendix, No. 2. 2. Mr. Cotton's Letter, lately printed, Examined and Answered, Lon., Imprinted in the Yeere 1644, sm. 4to, pp. 47, preceded by an address of two pages To the Impartiall Reader. There are at least five copies in America and England. See No. 3. 3. The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution for Cause of Conscience, discussed, in a Conference betweene Truth and Peace, who, in all tender Affection, present to the High Court of Parliament (as the Result of their Discourse) these (amongst other) Passages of the highest Consideration, Lon., sine author or publisher, 1644, sm. 4to, pp. 24, 247. Two editions in 1644. There are at least eight copies in America and England. A copy was This and No. 2, sold at Sotheby's, May, 1860, for £9. and Cotton's Letter, (original, 1643, sm. 4to. pp. 13,) were repub., with an Introduction of 46 pp. by Edward Bean Underhill, in 1 vol. 8vo, pp. 485, Lon., 1818, by the Hanserd Knollys Society. This volume is now very rare. Cotton responded to No. 3 in The Bloudy Tenent, washed and made white in the Bloud of the Lambe; being discussed and discharged of Bloud Guiltinesse by Just Defence, &c. Whereunto is added a Reply to Mr. Williams's Answer to Mr. Cotton's Letter, Lon, Printed by Mathew Symmons, &c., 1647, sm. 4to, pp. 195, 144. Sotheby, 1856, £2 138. Compare with these books, Wholesome Severity Reconciled with Christian Liberty, &c., Lon., PutAuthor unknown. C. Meredith, 1645, 4to, pp. 40. tick's, Mar. 1861, £1. Williams answered Cotton in4. The Bloody Tenent yet more Bloody, by Cotton's Endevour to wash it white in the Blood of the Lambe, &c., Lon., Printed by Giles Calvert, &c., 1652, sm. 4to, pp. 18, 7, 12, 16, 320. There are two copies in the Library of Brown University, one copy in the library of John Carter Brown, and a copy of the Preface and Dedicatory Epistles in the Library of Harvard University. 5. The Hireling Ministry None of Christ's, or a Discourse touching the Propagating the Gospel of Jesus Christ, &c., Lon., Printed in the Second Moneth, 1652, 2747 sm. 4to, pp. viii., 36. There are at least four copies in America, and there is a copy in The Red Cross Street Library, London. 6. Experiments of Spiritual Life and Health and their Preservatives, &c., Lon. Printed in the Second Month, 1652, sm. 4to, pp. 4, 450. Very rare. A copy was sold in 1863 for $100, and from this a reprint, with an Introduction by Rev. Francis Wayland, D.D., was made at the expense of S. Randall, Esq., Providence, Sidney S. Rider, 1863, cap 4to, 200 copies. It is in the form of a letter to his wife, Mary, on her recovery from illness, commencing with, "My dearest love and companion in this vale of tears." 7. George Fox digg'd out of his Burrowes, or an Offer of Disputation on fourteen Proposalls, made this Last Summer. 1672, (so call'd,) unto G. Fox, then present on Rode Island, in New England, by R. W., &c., Bost., Printed by John Foster, 1676, sm. 4to, pp. 327. There is a copy in the Library of Harvard University; and a copy lacking 55 pages, (which have been supplied by a reprint from the former,) with MS. corrections, alterations, and additions by the author, was presented to the Library of Brown University, in 1863, by Mr. John Daggett, of Attleborough, Mass. Williams's attack elicited, A New England Fire-Brand Quenched: being an Answer unto a Slanderous Book, entituled George Fox digged out of his Burrows, &c.; by George Fox and John Burnyeat, (Lon.) Printed in the Year MDCLXXIX., 4to. See, also, Fox's Something in Answer to a Letter, &c., Lon., 1677, 4to, pp. 11. The style of all three is sufficiently vigorous; and to assert that either Williams or his opponents wasted many words in idle compliments would be hardly correct. 8. Letters from Roger Williams to John Winthrop and John Winthrop, Jr., Governor of Connecticut, Bost., 1863, 8vo, pp. 127, (Mass. Hist. Coll., 4th Ser., vol. vi.) These letters, 65 in number, extend from 1636 to 1675. For other Letters and papers of Williams, see Mass. Hist. Coll., Ist Ser., vols. i., ix., 2d Ser., vols. vii.. viii., 3d Ser., vols. i., ix., x. See, also, Memoir of Williams, by J. D. Knowles, Bost., 1834, 12mo, pp. xvi., 437; Memoir of Williams, by William Gammell, M.A., in Sparks's Amer. Biog., 2d Ser., iv., 1845, pp. xi., 227, and sep., 1845, 16mo, 1846, 16mo, 1854, 16mo, pp. ix.. 221; Life of Williams, by Romeo Elton, D.D., Lon., 1852, fp. 8vo; Providence, 1853, 12mo, pp. viii., 173, (based on late personal researches in England;) What Cheer; or, Roger Williams in Banishment, a Poem, by Job Durfee, 1832, 12mo, (also in his Works, 1849, 8vo :) reviewed by John Foster in Eclec. Rev., July, 1838, repub. in Fosteriana, 1858, 520: see, also, Foster's Life and Corresp., 1856, i. 156; Mather's Magnalia, book vii.; Callander's Discourse: Backus's Hist. of N. Eng.; Benedict's Hist. of the Baptists: Bentley's Hist. of Salem: Memoir of William Richards, &c., 1818, (some 1819,) p. 8vo; Biog. Sketches, by Mary Clark, 1836, 16mo; Discourse by Hon. John Pitman, LL.D., 1836, 8vo; Staples's Annals of Providence, 1843, 8vo, (same in R. I. Hist. Coll., vol. v.;) The Spirit of Roger Williams, &c., by L. D. Johnson, 1839, 16mo; Duyckinck's Cyc. of Amer. Lit., 1855, i. 32-38; Tuckerman's Biog. Essays, 1857, 181-190: Sprague's Annals, vi., 1860, Baptist, 8-21; Palfrey's Hist. of N. Eng., vol. i., 1859; Gervinus's Hist. of Nineteenth Century, Introduction; The Spirit of Rhode Island History, by S. G. Arnold, 1853, 8vo; Hist. of the State of Rhode Island, by S. G. Arnold, vol. i., 1860, 8vo; Savage's Genealog. Diet. of N. England, 2d ed., iv. 567; Account of the Writings of Roger Williams, by Reuben A. Guild, 1862, 8vo, pp. 11; Oration by Rev. Francis Vinton, D.D., 1863, 8vo; Amer. Baptist Mag., vol. i.: N. Amer. Rev., Ixi. 1, (by J. M. Mackie,) and lxxviii. 469, (by A. P. Peabody ;) Chris. Rev., x. 256, (by S. G. Arnold:) Chris. Exam., xvi. 72, (by F. Parkman,) and Mar. 1859; Meth. Quar. Rev., xii. 199, (by R. W. Allen :) Hist. Mag., 1857-61, Indexes; Bibliography of Rhode Island, by J. R. Bartlett, ("a workman that needeth not to be ashamed,") 1864, 275-281. For all these memorials of this great and good man we are duly thankful; but we would that Rhode Island should honour herself and her founder by the erection of a monument (more enduring than brass or marble) having this superscription: The Works and Correspondence of Roger Williams, the Great Champion of Civil and Religious Liberty; republished from the Originals; preceded by a Life of the Author and a History of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, 1636 to 1836, and accompanied by a copious Analytical Index. "The Newport Historical Society have found a treasure in the bottom of an old chest. It is an autograph volume written by Obadiah Holmes in 1675. Mr. Holmes was minister of the First Baptist Church, but he went to Massachusetts to preach, and, having no license, was arrested by the Puritan magistrate, confined in jail, and finally sentenced to be publicly whipped at the tail of a cart. He gives the history of the Rhode Island colony that he founded with the charter that he obtained from Charles II. the incidents of his life; his faith in Christ; with a letter to his family, his church, and the world. Mr. Holmes also gives an account of his public whipping in Boston, and attests, 'I did there shed my blood.'"-April, 1868. We are now (1870) enabled to state that the first stones of the monument we suggested have been laid, viz.: Publications of the Narragansett Club, First Series, vol. i., Providence, R.I., 1866, 4to, pp. 8, 396. Contents: I. Biographical Introduction to the Writings of Roger Williams, by Reuben Aldridge Guild, A.M. II. A Key into the Language of America, by Roger Williams; Edited by J. Hammond Trumbull. III. Letter of John Cotton, and Roger Williams's Reply; Edited by Reuben Aldridge Guild, A.M. Nor is this all: Rhode Island has contracted for statues of Roger Williams (by Simmons) and General Nathaniel Greene for the National Gallery of Statuary at Washington; which-if they can forbear speech-making long enough to pay it a visit-ought to be a profitable school of examples for American legislators. Williams, Rowland, D.D., b. in Flintshire, Wales, 1817; was educated as King's Scholar at Eton, where he was Newcastle Medallist; proceeded thence to King's College, Cambridge, and obtained in his first year Battie's University Scholarship; as a Fellow of King's, graduated B.A. in 1841; was for eight years tutor of his College; became Vice-Principal and Professor of Hebrew of St. David's College, Lampeter, and Chaplain to the Bishop of Llandaff in 1850; Select Preacher to the University of Cambridge, 1855; Vicar of Broadchalke, Wilts, 1859; resigned his place in David's College, Aug. 1862; defended himself before the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council against a charge of heresy, founded upon his contribution to Essays and Reviews, (infra,) 1863, and obtained in Feb. 1864 a reversal of such parts of the judgment of the Court of Arches as had been un. favourable to him: d. Jan. 18, 1870. 1. Lays from the Cimbric Lyre. 2. Account of St. David's College, Lampeter. 3. Rational Godliness, 1855, p. 8vo. 4. Christianity and Hinduism, &c.; being an Expansion of the Muir Essay, to which a Prize was adjudged in the Year 1847 by the University of Cambridge, 1856, 8vo. Commended by Westm. Rev., Lon. Athen., and Lon. Lit. Gaz. See, also, Farrar's Crit. Hist. of Free Thought, 1863, Notes. 5. Christian Freedom in the Council of Jerusalem; a Discourse, Dec. 1857, 8vo, pp. 108; 2d ed., May, 1858, 8vo. To the Essays and Reviews (see WILSON, HENRY BRISTOW) he contributed article ii.: Bunsen's Biblical Researches; and has since published: 6. On the Difficulty of Bringing Theological Questions to an Issue, 1860, 8vo. 7. Letter to the LordBishop of St. David's, (see THIRLWALL, CONNOP, D.D., No. 9,) 1860, 8vo. 8. Critical Appendix to his Earnestly Respectful Letter to the Lord-Bishop of St. David's, Dec. 1860, 8vo. 9. Persecution for the Word: a Sermon on Essays and Reviews, Aug. 1862, 8vo. 10. The Prophets of Israel and Judah, 1866, 8vo. This is vol. i. of a contemplated revised edition of the Hebrew Prophets, with historical illustrations. 11. Broadchalke Sermons. Essays on Nature, Meditation, &c., 1867, p. 8vo. He contributed an Introduction to Daniel, or The Apocalypse of the Old Testament, by Philip S. Desprez, B.D., Incumbent of Alvediston, 1865, 8vo, in which he disputes, on philological grounds, some of the positions of Dr. Pusey; wrote for The Quarterly Review papers on Welsh Methodism, The Welsh Church, Welsh Bards, and Stonehenge; for the Archæologia Cambrensis, an article on the Obligations of the Anglo-Saxon Church to British Missionaries; and was the author of a Defence of the Maynooth Grant, poems, Orestes,-an adaptation to English readers of the Eumenides of Eschylus,-Lays of the Cimbric Lyre, &c. Respecting Dr. Williams's contribution to Essays and Reviews, and the proceedings connected therewith, see The Bishop of Salisbury v. Dr. Williams: The Defence of Dr. Rowland Williams: a Report of the Speech delivered in the Court of Arches by James Fitzjames Stephen, M.A., Recorder of Newarkon-Trent; Published from the Short-Hand-Writer's Notes, Revised and Corrected, Lon., 1862, p. 8vo; Testimonies to the Divine Authority and Inspiration of the Holy Scriptures as taught by the Church of England, in |