Mechanistic Home Range Analysis

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Princeton University Press, 20 ago 2006 - 172 páginas

Spatial patterns of movement are fundamental to the ecology of animal populations, influencing their social organization, mating systems, demography, and the spatial distribution of prey and competitors. However, our ability to understand the causes and consequences of animal home range patterns has been limited by the descriptive nature of the statistical models used to analyze them. In Mechanistic Home Range Analysis, Paul Moorcroft and Mark Lewis develop a radically new framework for studying animal home range patterns based on the analysis of correlated random work models for individual movement behavior. They use this framework to develop a series of mechanistic home range models for carnivore populations.


The authors' analysis illustrates how, in contrast to traditional statistical home range models that merely describe pattern, mechanistic home range models can be used to discover the underlying ecological determinants of home range patterns observed in populations, make accurate predictions about how spatial distributions of home ranges will change following environmental or demographic disturbance, and analyze the functional significance of the movement strategies of individuals that give rise to observed patterns of space use.


By providing researchers and graduate students of ecology and wildlife biology with a more illuminating way to analyze animal movement, Mechanistic Home Range Analysis will be an indispensable reference for years to come.

 

Índice

Introduction
1
11 Statistical Home Range Analysis
2
12 Mechanistic Home Range Analysis
4
From Individual Behavior to Patterns of Space Use
7
21 Movement in One Dimension
8
22 Movement in Two Dimensions
12
23 Directed and Random Motion
13
24 Predicting Home Range Patterns
21
The Influence of Landscape and Resource Heterogeneity on Patterns of Space Use
79
72 Resource Heterogeneity and Foraging Behavior
82
73 Model Predictions
89
74 Summary
91
Home Range Formation in the Absence of a Den Site
92
82 Analysis
94
83 Summary
96
Secondary Ecological Interactions
97

25 Summary
22
A Simple Mechanistic Home Range Model
23
31 Model of Individual Movement Behavior
24
32 Characterizing the Movement Behavior of a Red Fox
27
33 Equations for Patterns of Space Use
30
34 Solving for Patterns of space Use
31
35 Predicted Red Fox Home Range
33
36 Coyote Home Range Patterns
35
37 Summary
37
A Model Based on Conspecific Avoidance
38
41 Model Formulation
39
42 Equations for Space Use
42
43 Empirical Evaluation of the Model
43
44 Summary
53
Comparative Analysis of Home Range Patterns Predicted by the Conspecific Avoidance Model
55
52 Border versus Hinterland Scent Making
60
53 The Distribution of Scent Marks along Boundaries
64
54 Summary
66
Mathematical Analysis of the Conspecific Avoidance Model
67
62 Impact of the ScentMarking Response
68
63 Existence of a Buffer Zone
72
64 Generalized Response Functions
74
65 Summary
77
92 WolfCoyote Interactions
100
93 Summary
103
Displacement Distances Theory and Applications
104
102 MeanAbsolute and MeanSquarred Displacement
110
103 Summary
114
ESS Analysis of Movement Strategies Analyzing the Functional Significance of Home Range Patterns
115
111 Evolutionarily Stable Movement Strategy for Interacting Wolf Packs
116
112 Analysis
119
113 Roles of Aggression and Signaling
126
114 Summary
128
Future Directions and Synthesis
130
Derivation of the FokkerPlanck Equation for Space Use
137
Alternative Derivation of the Space Use Equation
139
Autocorrelation in Movement Direction
140
Estimating the Parameters of the Localizing Tendency Model
142
Movement with Attraction toward a Den
144
Model Fitting
149
Numerical Methods for Solving Space Use Equations
151
Displacement Distances
152
ESS Analysis Model Parameters
157
References
158
Index
169
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Página 158 - TIGMOD: An individual-based spatially explicit model for simulating tiger/human interaction in multiple use forests.
Página 158 - Adams, ES (2001) Approaches to the study of territory size and shape. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 32: 277-303.
Página 168 - Woodroffe, R. 2001. Strategies for carnivore conservation: Lessons from contemporary extinctions. In JL Gittleman, SM Funk, D. Macdonald, and RK Wayne, eds., Carnivore Conservation, 61-92. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Woodroffe, R., and JR Ginsberg. 2000. Ranging behaviour and vulnerability to extinction in carnivores. In LM Gosling and WJ Sutherland, eds., Behaviour and Conservation, 125-140.

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