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following books (besides others mentioned in the course of the work):-Sir Gardner Wilkinson's "Ancient Egyptians;" Mr. Layard's "Nineveh;" Mr. Eastwick's excellent translations of Sâdi's "Gulistan," and the "Anvar-í Suhaili;" Mr. Monier Williams's no less admirable adaptation of "Śakoontalá;" Consul Petherick's "Egypt, the Soudan, and Central Africa;" Dr. Livingstone's "Travels," and Mr. Wright's "Domestic Manners and Sentiments During the Middle Ages." I have not the honour of knowing these authors, but I hope they will excuse me for having borrowed from them what belonged to my subject.

In conclusion, I crave for this offspring of my leisure hours (which are but few), the same indulgence which has been shown to the objects contained in the Workmen's Exhibitions lately held in various parts of the Metropolis, in which the labour and difficulty in producing an article is more taken into account than the actual merit of the production. Mine is a plain, unvarnished tale, without any literary pretension whatever; and if I have picked up a few gems on my way, and inserted them in my mosaic work, I claim but to be the humble cement which holds them together.

96, STRAND, 15th December, 1864.

EUGENE RIMMEL.

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fernes-Solomon's Song-Aromatics used by the Jews-Camphire-
Spikenard-Saffron-Frankincense-Myrrh-Aloes-Clothes and
beds perfumed-Aromatic plants abundant in Judæa-Anointing-
Embalming-Soap not known by the Jews-Cosmetics and toilet
implements-Jewish customs preserved in the Holy Land-Jewish
ornaments-Mode of wearing the hair-King Solomon's pages . . . 37

The garden of Eden-Ancient authors and modern discoveries-
Assyrian deities and worship-The temple of Belus-Nimrod's altar-
Zoroaster-Origin of the sacred fire-Sardanapalus-Nineveh and
Babylon-The hanging gardens - Babylonian perfumes and cos-
metics-Parsondes and Nanarus-Astyages and Cyrus-The Persians-
Darius and his perfume-chest-Antiochus Epiphanes-A "sweet"
monarch-The Lydians-The hair and beard-Ladies' head-dresses—
The marriage-market at Babylon-Mausolus, and his little specu-
lation.

59

Early Roman sacrifices-Religious worship and funeral rites-
Ticinus Menas-Lucius Plotius-The Roman emperors' taste for per-
fumes-Roman baths-The Emperor Hadrian-Caracalla's baths-
A matron at her toilette-Roman perfumes and cosmetics-Roman
perfumers-Catullus and Martial-A Roman beau-Poppa's fifty
asses-Ovid's book on cosmetics-Hair dyes-Modes of dressing the
hair-Otho's wig-Phoebus's expedient.

. 97

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CHAPTER X.

FROM ANCIENT TO MODERN TIMES.

Gauls and Britons-The Druids-Roman conquest-Clovis-Char-
lemagne-Sweet rushes-Embalming-The Crusades-Introduction
of rose-water-The perfumers' charter-Mediaval times-Hungary-
water-The Renaissance-Venetian hair-dyes-Catherine de Medicis
-The secrets of Master Alexis-Queen Elizabeth-Pomanders-The
boat of foolish smells-Musk and civet-Casting-bottles-Perfumed
ground-Aromatic fumigations-Sweet bellows-Bucklersbury in
Shakespeare's time-Perfumery hawkers-Charles I.-The Common-
wealth-Charles II.-Patches-Hair-powder-Louis XIV.-The
Prince de Condé's snuff-Ancient recipes-Louis XV.-The Georges
-English perfumers of the last century-French charlatans-The
hair and beard-Ladies' head-dresses

PAGE

189

CHAPTER XI.

THE COMMERCIAL USES OF FLOWERS AND PLANTS.

Countries whence perfumery materials are obtained - Proposed
British flower-farms-Distillation, expression, maceration, and ab-
sorption-Séméria's new system of enfleurage-Piver's pneumatic
apparatus-Millon's percolating process Quantities of flowers con-
sumed-Manufacture of perfumery-London and Paris perfumers—
Scents, toilet soaps, cosmetics, etc.-Glycerine-Volatilisation of per-
fumes-A word of advice to ladies

223

CHAPTER XII.

MATERIALS USED IN PERFUMERY.

The animal series, musk, civet, and ambergris-The floral, herbal,
andropogon, citrine, spicy, ligneous, radical, seminal, balmy, fruity,
and artificial series-New materials-East India essences-Australian
trees and flowers-Other aromatic products

APPENDIX

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