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ORIGINAL ESSAYS ON POLITE LITERATURE, THE ARTS AND SCIENCES;

POETRY; CRITICISMS ON THE FINE ARTS, THE DRAMA, &c.;

BIOGRAPHY;

CORRESPONDENCE OF DISTINGUISHED PERSONS;

ANECDOTES, JEUX D'ESPRIT, &c.;

SKETCHES OF SOCIETY AND MANNERS;

PROCEEDINGS OF SCIENTIFIC AND LEARNED SOCIETIES;
ASTRONOMICAL REPORTS, METEOROLOGICAL TABLES, LITERARY INTELLIGENCE, &c. &c.

LONDON:

PRINTED BY JAMES MOYES, 28, CASTLE STREET, LEICESTER SQUARE:

PUBLISHED FOR THE PROPRIETORS, AT THE LITERARY GAZETTE OFFICE, WELLINGTON STREET, WATERLOO BRIDGE, STRAND: SOLD ALSO BY ADAM BLACK, EDINBURGH; SMITH AND SON, D. ROBERTSON, AND ATKINSON AND CO., GLASGOW; JOHN CUMMING DUBLIN; SAUTELET AND CO., PLACE DE LA BOURSE, PARIS; AND ALL OTHER BOOKSELLERS, NEWSMEN, &c. AGENT FOR AMERICA, O. RICH, 12, RED LION SQUARE, LONDON.

1831.

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This Journal is supplied Weekly, or Monthly, by the principal Booksellers and Newsmen, throughout the Kingdom; but to those who may desire its immediate transmission, by post, we recommend the LITERARY GAZETTE, printed on stamped paper, price One Shilling.

No. 728.

SATURDAY, JANUARY 1, 1831.

PRICE 8d.

ADDRESS.

UPON entering our fifteenth year, after the experience the public has had of the Literary Gazette, and the unexampled approbation which has attended it, we need trespass but very shortly on the space devoted to more useful purposes, by speaking of ourselves, as is a custom at the present season. Indeed, we have little to say, except to express a hope that our exertions to inform and please keep pace with the extraordinary encouragement we receive. Where every sheet exhibits a steadfast regard to truth and impartiality, it requires no puffing voice to proclaim our independence; nor would we allude to so trite a topic, had we not of late been made aware of an insidious effort, through some obscure and provincial papers, partly envious knaves and partly unreflecting dupes, to misrepresent our principles, motives, and line of conduct. And though these are contemptible enough, it is due even to the very few who might, by possibility, be misled by their quackery and falsehoods, to set the

matter at rest.

The Gazette enjoys, by many thousands, the greatest circulation of any purely Literary Journal ever published in England; and it has risen to this gratifying eminence under the absolute control and direction of its Editor, who is also the proprietor of the largest proportion of the entire emoluments derived from this widely-extended sale. There may, it is true, be dishonourable persons engaged even in literary pursuits, who cannot be sensible to the better feelings which would prevent an indi

the periodical press of these colonies-by improving, not | loss, not only Britain, but the whole earth, sus-
debasing, the minds of our readers"!!!
tained, when George Canning was laid in his
hallowed and immortal tomb.

It would be a curious thing in the march of intellect,
to send a cargo of English, Irish, and Scotch editors to
Botany Bay, to learn honesty and manners, instead of
slander and impertinence, as conductors of the periodical
press; but really, contrasting the above with what we
see of some of them, we are sure it might be advantageous
to the individuals, and would certainly be grateful to the
community.

We have, however, bestowed too much notice on the
paltry tribe; and can merely say, in apology, that our
egotism offends only once a-year.
From the first to the last, the Literary Gazette has
zealously endeavoured to promote the just interests of the
literature, sciences, and arts, of its native country: it has
looked but to one quarter for its recompense; and, in ad-
dition to the delight experienced in having done its duty
to the utmost, it has been amply satisfied by the meed of
public applause, and by acquiring an influence which it

will never abuse.

REVIEW OF NEW BOOKS.
Stapleton's Political Life of Mr. Canning.

3 vols. 8vo. Longman and Co.

We have much to regret that the author has not felt himself at liberty to enter upon the details of the negotiations which attended Mir. Canning's appointment to be First Lord of the Treasury and Chancellor of the Exchequer, when "the Duke of Wellington, Mr. Peel, and other anti-catholic members of Lord Liverpool's cabinet, resigned, and their places were temporarily supplied by the personal friends of Mr. Canning; it being settled that a portion of the Whig party were, at the end of the ses sion, to form a part of the administration." These details, we can say, from matters of which we happen to be cognisant, are of the most intense interest; but Mr. S. tells us they "are omitted, in consequence of representations having been made to the author, that their publication at the present moment might be productive of very serious mischief to the country. The author cannot agree in this opinion; but in the existing crisis of affairs, it was not for him to take upon himself the responsibility of deof setting at nought the opinions of disintespising warnings of so grave a character, and rested individuals, whose station and experience gave them a strong claim to consideration and individual responsibility, withholds, for a short respect. The author, therefore, on his own time, this portion of the history, in preference to delaying the whole work, and thereby inrecover, the favourable opportunity which now curring the hazard of losing, perhaps never to offers for its publication.'

WE could only give a hurried introduction of this invaluable work in our last No., and a brief extract, but yet of such great political importvidual so highly flattered by the approval of his labours, publication. To us Canning was an idol, worance, as fairly to exemplify the character of the from degrading himself by subserviency to any interest shipped alike for the fascinations of his private whatever; but such persons must be able to appreciate life, and for the patriotism and purity of his fully the mercenary side of the inducement to perse- public principles. were in so well-rewarded a course of uncompromising vancement with an interest not to be described; We looked upon his adtruth and undeviating integrity. Were we insensible to and when we saw him placed at the head of the nobler tie, and inclined to forfeit the good opinion the government, we felt that power was inof the number of illustrious and enlightened men whom trusted to a mind capable of appreciating the last, that, soon after his decease, the foreign We shewed, from Mr. Stapleton, in our we can estimate among our friends, as well as the par- circumstances of the world, and to hands most policy of Mr. Canning was departed from by tiality of the public at large; there is still enough in the fitted to shape the destinies of mankind, so as his successors; and that, from their tone, the baser tie to preserve us from backsliding: and we trust our provincial contemporaries, who have erroneously and the welfare and happiness of all nations. universally) in the British councils was grato ensure the prosperity and glory of England, confidence of the people (we mean of the people carped at us, will take a speedy opportunity of doing Mr. Canning was deeply conscious of the spirit dually weakened, and the conduct of the justice both to their own journals and to the Literary of the times, and of the grand, though as yet friends of more arbitrary rule began to assume Gatte. For those, if such there be, who fancy that silent, struggle between ancient institutions a different form. In short, we were no longer in the former he was the intrepid defender; opinions; but were, on the contrary, suspected and rising intelligence. Of all that was good wisely and discreetly at the head of liberal and of all that was beneficial in the latter he of being favourable to the opposite cause. This was the liberal advocate. Thus holding the was a hideous misfortune, and has been, and balance like an enlightened statesman, our will be,-unless Mr. Canning's system of polity assurance was strong that, whatever occurred, can revive the same dispositions, the cause of our beloved minister would establish his coun- much misery, bloodshed, and war. Of the Conductors of newspapers," says our right-hearted try at the head of Europe the foremost in the changes which developed themselves after Mr. "should have a higher idea of march of necessary reform, the firmest in the Canning's death, by ministers who professed the very eminent and influential post they fill, than to resistance of injurious innovation. And well to adhere to his measures, we shall now, as descend to contaminate their columns with petty, con- did he know that, to prevent revolution, it was shortly as the subject will admit, quote some temptible squabblings. We are all, or ought to be, la absolutely indispensable to take the lead in the of Mr. Stapleton's proofs. On the Catholic bouring in the search of truth, in the advancement of the new opinions, which had grown to such a de- Question, he says: public good, the pursuit of which has of itself a certain gree and spread to such an extent throughout calming, a rectifying, a kind of soothing, self-gratulatory the civilised world, and, by a masterly guidance, indence on the mind, because it brings with it the con- to direct that to the improvement, which, if the great engine which Providence has intrusted to our of the human race. viction that we are in the right path-that we are using opposed or misdirected, must turn to the bane

depreciating others is preferable to possessing merit of town, we will venture to quote a passage from a Bay Bay newspaper. It is published among felons, to be sure; but it may therefore be the more applicable to was who are unconscious of gentlemanlike principles; and perhaps have some efficacy in dissuading them from the practice of filching away characters, and

robbing good names.

friend in New Holland,

"It appears that Mr. Peel communicated his resolution to withdraw his opposition to the duke, very shortly after Mr. O'Connell's return; and, at the opening of the session of Had he lived, we should parliament in 1829, it was announced in the hand, to the best of our ability, for the benefit of our fel- not have witnessed the scenes which have so speech from the throne, that the ministers low-men. Let us, then, who are editors in these remote lately convulsed, and still so fearfully agitate intended to bring forward concession as a gobut truly interesting Australasian regions, unite in spurn the continent; and every syllable which Mr. vernment measure. The announcement of this ing all mean or selfish views, and strive in the noble and Stapleton utters serves but to confirm this intention was hailed with the loudest cheers Semerous race of emulation, by exalting the character of mighty truth, and to shew how irreparable aby the old friends of emancipation; and it was

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To demonstrate this, Mr. Stapleton goes into the points quoted in our last Gazette (pp. 832, 833). After referring to the debates in parlia ment, he observes—

carried through both Houses of Parliament This subject must be examined with reference less essential importance. Foreign policy is, with little difficulty. Serious difficulties, in- both to the general'system' of the duke as and must be, a matter of confidence. Political deed, could not be expected, after the Duke of compared with that of Mr. Canning; and to good or evil are not the work of a single day, Wellington and Mr. Peel, who had always the particular course pursued towards Portugal, or the offspring of a single act. The effects of been the main obstacles, in Mr. Canning's Turkey, and Greece, the affairs of which coun- foreign policy are seldom perceived by the time, to the success of the measure, had ceased tries remained in an unsettled state at the public until some months after the causes to be any obstacles whatever. But the task period of Mr. Canning's death." which have produced them have been put in was, in truth, easy, for two reasons:-first, We are sorry that our limits forbid our fol- operation, and, for the most part, not until the the anti-Catholic party had been completely lowing the author into the whole of these im- time when any inquiry into these causes is disabled by the loss of its leaders, who had portant discussions. We come towards the useless, except as affording the opportunity of transferred all the weight of their own talents, conclusions:holding them up to future statesmen, either for and the influence of the government, to the "If (says Mr. S.) the prevention of a ma- an example or a warning. Since, then, it is Catholic party, which, even before the transfer, terial diminution of the power of Turkey' was evident that great effects may be produced in had been all but a match for its opponents. the common object of Mr. Canning and the foreign affairs, by means which may never come Secondly, the Whigs, who had a fair prospect Duke of Wellington, it must be confessed that to the knowledge of the public, it is essential, in of obtaining office, if the government were they respectively sought to attain it by the order to discover the real tendency of a course embarrassed on this question, gave it their employment of very different means. Mr. Can- of policy, to ascertain the secret bias of those to most efficient support; and it must be ad- ning succeeded, and the duke failed: it must, whom the direction of it may be intrusted. mitted that the conduct of this party was truly however, be admitted, that the circumstances This can only be done by a close examination patriotic, since they sacrificed office for the with which the duke had to contend were in a of the nature of the known acts and declarasake of principle. That the converse of this certain degree more difficult to control. It was tions of its conductors." proposition is true of some of the members of undoubtedly an easier task to prevent the issue the duke's government, cannot be affirmed. of such an hatti shériff as occasioned the war, But there can be no doubt that one half would than to get it recalled after it had been issued. be correct viz. that they sacrificed their prin- It is, however, far from improbable, that had ciples. the duke's principles been sufficiently liberal to "Undoubtedly the preservation of peace was "The point where the Duke of Wellington's have enabled him to place upon the machina- the object of Mr. Canning's policy; but it was government diverged from Mr. Canning's prin- tions of a certain continental government, in not in the object, but in the means employed to ciples was, in not adopting a middle course the case of Greece, a similar salutary restraint secure it, that deviation was imputed. Mr. between extremes,' and preferring to provoke to that which Mr. Canning had before imposed Canning's plan for preserving peace was to by its opposition a state of things with which, in the case of Portugal, the sultan might have check the extravagancies of the two extreme when thus produced, it found itself unable to been induced to avert, by timely concession, parties. But from the praise of the Miguelites cope. Had the duke adhered to his former the disgrace and ruin with which he has been and the censure of the constitutionalists by policy, his administration could not have stood overwhelmed. We next come to the affairs of Lord Aberdeen, it seems evident that the plan a day after the meeting of parliament. The Portugal, which are so intimately blended with for the preservation of peace contemplated by measure has been productive of very great ad. the general system, that they cannot be dis- himself and the Duke of Wellington, was to vantages, and will yet be productive of far united. And here we would beg the reader to favour one extreme party, and to discounte greater, both to Ireland and the whole British bear in mind the important and essential dis-nance the other. In this, then, consisted the empire. If it has not already answered to the tinction between foreign and domestic policy. change; and a more important or decisive full extent which Mr. Canning had expected, In the latter, almost every measure of an change cannot well be imagined. Still it would it must be remembered, that before it was car- administration is known to the public: in the seem that Lord Aberdeen, however well he ried, affairs were brought by the Duke of former, nearly all are necessarily for a time might understand the principles of his own Wellington to that state which it had been enveloped in mystery. Mr. Canning dissolved government, was unconsciously deviating from the anxious aim of Mr. Canning to avert." the Holy Alliance by the decided language those of Mr. Canning, and that he neither "On the subject of finance, it must be ob- which he held to their diplomatic agents; and comprehended their nature, nor was aware served, that from the speech which Mr. Can- that formidable union ceased to exist, without that they had ever been in operation; for, in ning made when bringing forward the budget the public being able to perceive the means by the same speech in which the denial of devia. in 1827, it was evident that he looked to the which its dissolution was effected. The influ- tion is to be found, he remarked, that he conintroduction of some decisive improvements in ence which a British foreign minister is en- sidered the assertion that Mr. Canning had our financial system. It certainly was his in-abled to exercise over the destinies of others, is shaken off the trammels' of the Holy Allitention to revise that system; and, doubtless, of such magnitude, that upon it, accordingly as ance, ( as a mere figure of speech,' a "tale of much might be done to improve the revenue it is rightly or wrongly directed, the happiness sound and fury, signifying nothing!!'' From and to lighten in a very considerable degree or the misery of the world may depend. Had the day on which this debate took place, till the pressure of the existing taxes. Such, un- Mr. Canning been the enemy of constitutional three days before the close of the session of questionably, was Mr. Canning's view of our freedom; had he wished to subvert Don Pedro's 1829, the foreign policy of the Duke of Welsituation; and if the Duke of Wellington's charter; had he perversely looked upon the lington was unimpeded by parliamentary disgovernment has gone on in the old beaten Miguelites as the friends' of England; twice cussion, the attention of the two Houses being path, contenting itself with simply providing in the course of six months might he have almost exclusively engrossed with the settlefor the exigencies of the current year, without aimed a fatal blow at that charter, without its ment of the Catholic Question. Those, howlooking beyond the moment for which it had to being possible that any ill will on his part ever, who watched the progress of our relations provide, then it cannot be said to have fulfilled towards it could have been substantiated with Portugal, saw evident symptoms of the Mr. Canning's intentions; and he therefore is against him. Had the messenger who brought anti-liberal bias of the cabinet. Lord Beresin no way responsible for our present financial the news from Vienna, that Don Miguel had ford had been permitted to retain a high place taken the oath, been delayed at Paris by Mr. in the government, at a time when he was "It appears, therefore, upon the whole, Canning for twenty-four hours, under the pre-accused of writing letters to Lisbon, expressive that, in many of the most important questions tence of charging him with despatches; or had of an opinion that Don Miguel had a right to of domestic policy, the Duke of Wellington's less celerity and determination been manifested the throne, an accusation which was never regovernment have neither adhered to Mr. Can- in sending troops to Portugal, Don Pedro's futed; the Portuguese refugees, in violation of ning's principles, nor carried his intentions constitution would, in all probability, have every principle of international law, had been into effect; and that, even with respect to the been cast aside, in a shorter time after its fired upon by a British commander, in the Catholic Question, there were many features arrival, than it eventually was after Mr. Can-waters belonging to their own sovereign; and connected with it calculated to diminish the ning's decease. These facts are only mentioned a special mission had been sent to Don Pedro advantages which Mr. Canning had contem- to shew, that even if a foreign secretary profess to recommend him to give his daughter in marplated, if it had passed without doing violence to be guided by certain principles, yet if he do riage to Don Miguel, after this prince had perto the feelings of a large portion of the English not cordially adopt them, he may, without jured himself by becoming the usurper of her public, and without producing a general dis-aught being able to be proved against him, give throne. It may be some excuse for this leantrust of the consistency of all public men. In affairs such a turn as shall materially contra-ing towards Don Miguel, that Lord Aberdeen turning from this brief consideration of our vene their fair operation. Sound principles imagined that the party of his royal highness domestic affairs, we next come to that of the are not all that are required; a bonú fide incli-was more inclined towards British connexion foreign policy of the Duke of Wellington. nation to act in accordance with them is of no than that of the constitutionalists. How com.

condition.

"

It is useless to prolong extracts of this kind, and we gladly advance to the great mass of interesting material which the book really contains. No new light is thrown on the subject of his matrimonial separation, except the following letter, which is, at least, very beautiful: it is addressed to Lady Byron.

pletely he was mistaken has been amply illus- mon-place incidents, seem to us utterly un-cept that she is insatiate of love, and won't trated by the treatment which British subjects worthy of preservation. This fashion of aster- take money, and has light hair and blue eyes, have experienced at the hands of the usurping isks is here carried to its excess, often very which are not common here, and that I met government. But it may be safely asserted, needlessly; so many of the names, such as her at the mask, and that when her mask is that had the feelings of the two parties in Por- Mad. de Stael, Lady Oxford, Sir Samuel Ro-off I am as wise as ever. I shall make what tugal been in truth such as were supposed, mily, Lord and Lady Blessington, &c. &c. be- I can of the remainder of my youth. Mr. Canning would never have departed from ing easily filled up. Yet this is good for trade, Having thus alluded to what we think obhis general system of dealing out impartial for in a very few years the work will require jectionable, we proceed to what we think worthjustice to both sides. The notion, however, a commentator. These remarks, however, are less: what is there in the following quotation and its consequences, are a very striking com- the exception, not the rule; for the great mass to deserve publishing?—and yet this one extract ment upon the inveterate attachment of the is full of attraction; though, we must say, we is also the sample of many. British cabinet to arbitrary doctrines; since, consider some of its details to be unfit for a "Why have you not sent me an answer, and in a case where the principles of legitimacy and large class of readers. We admit the kind- lists of subscribers to the translation of the absolute monarchy were arrayed against each ness, but doubt the judgment, of that morality Armenian Eusebius? of which I sent you other, legitimacy was sacrificed, and absolutism which deals in palliations. Thirdly, we must printed copies of the prospectus (in French) upheld." confess that our opinion of Lord Byron is rather two moons ago. Have you had the letter? We have nothing to add but our earnest lowered than raised. In the divers memoirs I shall send you another;-you must not neprayer that the spirit of Mr. Canning may be which have appeared, we have always leant glect my Armenians. Tooth-powder, magfreely infused into every government of Eng- towards the favourable side, on the ground nesia, tincture of myrrh, tooth-brushes, dialand, and its existence, as their constant guide, that the self-love he had wounded was in array chylon plaster, Peruvian bark, are my personal be confessed by a confiding world, conscious of against him. But what can extenuate the demands." being thereby saved from anarchy and desola- gross, ungenerous, and bitter spirit in which tion." almost all his letters are written? Is there a single friend who has escaped some malicious Letters and Journals of Lord Byron, with sneer? while his literary envy is petty to a Notices of his Life. By Thomas Moore. degree. A strange mixture of good and ill seem Vol. II. 4to. London, 1830. Murray. to have been united in his nature: it would WE feel inclined to divide our review into almost tempt us to believe in the old classic three heads, and consider, first, the biographer; fable of two souls in one body. We recollect "I have to acknowledge the receipt of secondly, the impression produced by the whole; a remark in Pelham, (we are not quite sure-- Ada's hair,' which is very soft and pretty, thirdly, Lord Byron himself. Mr. Moore says, that, or Devereur), which says, "The wounds and nearly as dark already as mine was at May we not say, that, as knowledge is ever of our vanity make the secret of our pathos :" twelve years old, if I may judge from what I the parent of tolerance, the more insight we it was especially so in Byron's case. His recollect of some in Augusta's possession, gain into the springs and motives of a man's vanity was that one marked feature which taken at that age. But it don't curl-peractions, the peculiar circumstances in which he Moore says (untruly, we think,) his character haps from its being let grow. I also thank was placed, and the influences and temptations wanted. His vanity, like the sea, was bound- you for the inscription of the date and name, under which he acted, the more allowance we less. Vain of his rank, his person, his talents; and I will tell you why;-I believe that they may be inclined to make for his errors, and the vanity is the "open sesame" to his mind. So are the only two or three words of your more approbation his virtues may extort from glorious a gift as his genius, would have been hand-writing in my possession. For your letters us? Should it have been the effect too much for mortal, without some alloy. I returned, and except the two words, or of my humble labours to clear away some of Where this evil is not called into play, he is rather the one word, household,' written those mists that hung round my friend, and frank, kind, liberal, and affectionate. But twice in an old account-book, I have no other. shew him in most respects as worthy of love, vanity was the nightshade of his mind; it I burnt your last note, for two reasons :as he was in all of admiration, then will the obscured, nay, eradicated, all his higher quali- firstly, it was written in a style not very chief and sole aim of this work have been ties. It equally stimulated his confidence and agreeable; and, secondly, I wish to take your accomplished." First, let us set forth with his reserve; for it is curious to remark how word without documents, which are the doing full justice to the kindly and generous completely Lord Byron lived for the public: worldly resources of suspicious people. I supfeeling which thus enlarges on the excellence, his letters are written more for the press than pose that this note will reach you somewhere and defends all debatable points of a departed the post; and his every action has a reference about Ada's birthday the 10th of December, friend. It is easy to cavil and to correct; but to what will be said of it. To take one exam- I believe. She will then be six; so that in we admire and respect the spirit which has ple among many, does it not explain his exclu- about twelve more I shall have some chance made his task " a labour of love,” however we sive admiration of Pope? It enabled him to of meeting her; perhaps sooner, if I am may and do differ from many of his conclusions. depreciate all his most popular rivals; and obliged to go to England by business or Secondly, the work itself. It is equally inte- Pope, being dead, was out of the immediate otherwise. Recollect, however, one thing, resting and entertaining; interesting, as an ex- line of competitorship. He was a Janus of the either in distance or nearness; every day traordinary mental picture; and entertaining, as mind -one face of "earth, earthy;" the which keeps us asunder should, after so long replete with keen lively observations and amus-other, indeed, like that of an angel. We a period, rather soften our mutual feelings, ing anecdotes. But has a quarto any privilege now turn to the work itself: much there is, which must always have one rallying-point as which it can plead, like a peer? or any peculiar we think, as already stated, that might most long as our child exists, which I presume we literary immunity? if not, a considerable por-judiciously have been omitted. Take, for ex- both hope will be long after either of her pation of these pages might have been omitted. ample, the following passages; and they are rents. The time which has elapsed since the Whole lines of stars, some of which are liable but two of many: speaking of an intrigue at separation has been considerably more than the to very awkward inferences; and divers pas- Venicewhole brief period of our union, and the not sages, merely commemorative of the most commuch longer one of our prior acquaintance. We both made a bitter mistake; but now it is over, and irrevocably so. For, at thirtythree on my part, and a few years less on yours, though it is no very extended period of life, still it is one when the habits and thought are generally so formed as to admit of no modification; and as we could not agree when younger, we should with difficulty do so now. I say all this, because I own to you, that, notwithstanding every thing, I considered our re-union as not impossible for more than a year after the separation; but then I gave up the hope entirely and for ever. But this "It is the height of the carnival, and I am very impossibility of re-union seems to me at in the extreme and agonies of a new intrigue least a reason why, on all the few points of with I don't know exactly whom or what, ex-discussion which can arise between us, we

we fear there are others ready to do so for evil. From a late

"I am very well off with Marianna, who is not at all a person to tire me; firstly, because If England does not place itself in the front for good, I do not tire of a woman personally, but because Parisian Journal (Le Glote), we observe that M. Jouffroy they are generally bores in their disposition; has succeeded M. Cousin in the chair of the history of and, secondly, because she is amiable, and has Modern Philosophy; and the following is a portion of his first lecture. To-day," he says, the destinies of a tact which is not always the portion of the man and of humanity are agitated; they are represented fair creation; and thirdly, she is very pretty; ly this country, which has always marched at the head of dern civilisation; so that if these destinies may be and, fourthly,- but there is no occasion for burned for France, they will be so for Europe, and for the farther specification. world. I come to propose to you the moral problem of man, and to seek to resolve it as far as that is possible in & course of philosophy. There can be no religion to-day That which distinguishes a religion is inspiration and rain forms Now reason is emancipated, and it can So without these forms." We would give more extracts, but these are sufficiently plain to shew the extent to which extreme sentiments are carried in the ancient

Stanine! How many desperate characters, how many ng and hot heads, are there in Europe, ready to start

the fatal course thus recommended!

So far we have gone on very well; as to the
future, I never anticipate, — carpe diem - the
past at least is one's own, which is one reason
for making sure of the present. So much for
my proper liaison."

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