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SPANISH REVOLUTION.-Fourteenth Bulle- influence; and it was to be concluded that

tin of the French Army of Spain, dated Madrid, Dec. 5.

conciliation was altogether impossible.The marquis of Perales, a reputable man, who had hitherto appeared to enjoy the cofidence of the people, h'd been, on the day before this, accused of putting sand in the cartridges. He was immediately stran

The 24 at noon his majesty arrived in person on the heights which impend over Madrid, on which were aiready placed the divisions of dragoons of genrals Latour Maubourg, and Laboussaye, and the impe-gled. It was determined that all the cart

rial horse-guards. The anniversary of the coronation, that epoch which has signalized so many days for ever fortunate for France, awakened in all hearts the most agreeable recollections, and inspired all the troops with an enthusiasm which inanifested itself in a thousand exclamations. The weather was beautiful, and like that enjoyed in France in the finest days of May. The marshal duke of Istria sent to summon the town, where a military junta was formed, under the presidency of the marquis of Castelar, who had under his orders general Morla, captain general of Andalusia, and inspectorgeneral of artillery. The town contained a number of armed peasants, assembled from all quarters, 6000 troops of the line, and 100 pieces of cannon. Sixty thousand men were in arms. Their cries were heard on every side; the bells of two hundred churches rung altogether; and every thing presented the appearance of disorder and madness. The general of the troops of the line appeared at the advanced posts to answer the summons of the duke of Istria. He

was accompanied by 30 men of the people, whose dress, looks, and ferocious language, recalled the recollection of the assassins of September. When the Spanish general was asked whether he meant to expose women, children, and old men to the horrors of an assault, he manifested secretly the grief with which he was penetrated; he made known by signs, that he, as well as all the honest men of Madrid, groaned under oppression; and when he raised his voice, his words were dictated by the wretches who watched over him. No doubt could be entertained of the excess to which the tyranny of the multitude was carried when they saw him minute down all his words, and caused the record to be verified by the assassins who surrounded him. The aid-de-camp of the duke of Istria, who had been sent into the town, was seized by men of the lowest class of people, and was about to be massacred, when the troops of the line, indignant at the outrage, took him under their protection, and caused him to be restored to his general. A little time after, some deserters from the Walloon guards came to the camp. Their depositions convinced us that the people of property, and honest men, were without

ridges should be re-made; 3 or 4000 monks were employed upon this work at the Retiro. All the palaces and houses were ordered to be open to furnish provisions at discretion. The French intantry was still three leagues from Madrid. The emperor employed the evening in reconnoitting the town, and deciding a plan of attack, consistent with the consideration dee to the great number of honest people always to be found in a great capital. At seven o'clock the division Lapisse of the corps of the duke of Belluno arrived. The moon shone with a brightness that seemed to prolong the day The emperor ordere i the general of brigade, Maison, to take possession of the suburbs, and charg ed the general of brigade Lauriston to support him in the enterprize, with four pieces of artillery belonging to the guards.-The sharp-shooters of the 15th regiment took possession of some buildings, and, in particalar, of the grand cemetery. At the first fire, the enemy shewed as much cowardice as he did of arrogance all the day. The duke of Belluno employed all the night in placing his artillery, in the posts marked out for the attack. At midnight, the prince of Neufchatel sent to Madrid a Spanish liectenant-colonel of artillery, who had been taken at Somosierra, and who saw with affright the obstinacy of his fellow-citizens. He took charge of the annexed letter, No. 1. On the 3d, at nine in the morning, the same flag of truce returned to the headquarters with the letter, No. 2. But the general of brigade Senarmont, an officer of great merit, had already placed 30 pieces of artillery, and had commenced a very smart fire, which made a breach in the walls of the Retiro. The sharp shooters of the dvision of Villatte having passed the breach, their battalion followed them, and in less than a quarter of an hour 1000 men, wo defended the Retiro, were knocked on the head (culbuté). The palace of the Retire, the important posts of the Observatory, of the porcelain manufactory, of the grand brack, the hotel of Medina Celi, and all the outlets which had been fortified, were taken by our troops.-On another side, twenty pieces of cannon of the guards, accompanied by light troops, threw shells, and attracted the attention of the enemy by a false atrek.

But all

[After a description of the disorder that reigned in Madrid, the bulletin proceeds: "The enemy had more than 100 pieces of cannon mounted; a more considerable number had been dug up, taken out of cellars, and fixed upon carts, a grotesque train, and in itself sufficient to prove the madness of a people abandoned to itself. means of defence were become useless. The possessors of Retiro are always masters of Madrid. The emperor took all possible care to prevent the troops from going from house to house. The city was ruined if many troops had been employed. Only some companies of sharp-shooters advanced, and the emperor constantly refused to send any to sustain them. At eleven o'clock the Prince of Neufchatel wrote the annexed letter, No. 3.-His majesty at the same time ordered the fire to cease on all points. At five o'clock on the 4th, Gen. Morla, one of the members of the military junta, and Don Bernardo Yriarte, sent from the town, repaired to the tent of the major-general. They informed him that the most intelligent persons were of opinion that the town was destitute of resources, and that the continuation of the defence would be the height of madness, but that the lower orders of the inhabitants, and the foreigners at Madrid, were determined to persevere in the defence. Convinced that they could not do it with effect, they requested a pause of a few hours to inform the people of the real state of affairs. The major-general presented the deputies to the emperor and king, who addressed them thus:-" You make use of the name of the people to no purpose; if you cannot restore tranquillity and appease their minds, it is because you have excited them to revolt; you have seduced them by propagating falsehoods. Assemble the clergy, the heads of the con vents, the alcades, the men of property and influence, and let the town capitulate by six o'clock in the morning, or it shall be destroyed. I will not, nor ought I, to withdraw my troops. You have massacred the unfortunate French prisoners who had fallen into your hands; only a few days ago, you suffered two persons in the suite of the Russian ambassador to be dragged along and murdered in the public streets, because they were Frenchmen born. The incapacity and cowardice of a general, had put into your power troops who surrendered on the field of battle, and the capitulation has been violated. You, Mr. Morla, what sort of an epistle did you write to that general? It well became you, Sir, to talk of pillage, you who, on entering Roussillon, carried

off all the women, and distributed them as booty among your soldiers !--Besides, what right had you to hold such language?-The capitulation ought to have induced you to pursue a different line of conduct. See what has been the conduct of the English, who are far from piquing themselves on being rigid observers of the law of nations. They have complained of the Convention of Portugal, but they have carried it into effect. To violate military treaties, is to renounce all civilization: it is placing generals on a footing with the Bedouins of the desart. How dare you, then, presume to solicit a capitulation, you who violated that of Baylen? See how injustice and bad faith always recoil upon the guilty, and operate to their prejudice. I had a fleet at Cadiz; it was under the protection of Spain, yet you directed against it the mortars of the town where you commanded.-I had a Spanish army in my ranks; I would rather have viewed it embark on board the English ships, or be obliged to precipitate it from the rocks of Epinosa, than to disarm it; I would rather have 7000 more enemies to fight, than be deficient in honour and good faith. Return to Madrid-I give you till six o'clock tomorrow morning-return at that houryou have only to inform me of the submission of the people-if not, you and your troops shall all be put to the sword."-This speech of the emperor, repeated in the midst of the respectable people, the certainty that he commanded in person, the losses sustained during the foregoing day, had carried terror and repentance into all minds. During the night the most mutinous withdrew themselves from the danger by flight, and a part of the troops was disbanded. At ten o'clock Gen. Belliard took the command of Madrid, all the posts were put into the hands of the French, and a general pardon was proclaimed." Bulletin closes with a panegyric on the order observed by the French, in taking possession of the town, the security enjoyed by the inhabitants, and with a tirade against the English, said to have been pronounced by an aged Spaniard. The principal reproach is, that an army of 40,000 British troops had not appeared on the scene of the war at a proper period of the contest]. No. 1.-To the Commandant of the Town of Madrid.

[The

Before Madrid, Dec. 3, 1808.--The circumstances of the war having conducted the French army to the gates of Madrid, and all the dispositions being made to take possession of the town by storm, I hold it

right, and conformable to the usage of all nations, to summon you, Monsieur General, not to expose a town so important to all the horrors of an assault, not to render so many peaceful inhabitants victims of the evils of war. Wishing to omit no

thing to inform you of your real situation, I send you the present summons by one of your officers who has been made prisoner, and who. has had an opportunity of seeing all the means that the army has to reduce the town. Receive, Monsieur general, the assurances of my high consideration. The Major-General ALEXANDER. (Berthier).

No.2. (In Spanish)-To his Most Serene Highness the Prince of Neufchatel. Madrid, 3d Dec. 1808.

It is indispensably incumbent upon me, most serene signior, to consult, previous to my giving a categorical answer to your highness, the constituted authority of this court (esta corte), and, moreover, to ascertain the dispositions of the people as impressed by the circumstances of the day. For these purposes, I intreat your highness to grant, for this day, a suspension of arms, in order that I may comply with those duties, assuring you, that early in the morning, or this night, I will send a general officer with my answer to your highness; assuring you, that I profess to you all the consideration due to your high rank and merit.-MARQUIS CASTELAR.

No. 3.--To the Gen. Commanding in Madrid. Imperial Camp, before Madrid, Dec. 4, Eleven A. M.

Monsieur General Castelar,-To defend Madrid is contrary to the principles of war, and inhuman towards the inhabitants. His majesty authorises me to send you a second summons.-Immense batteries are mounted; miners are prepared to blow up your principal buildings; columns of troops are at the entrances of the town, of which some companies of sharp-shooters have made themselves masters; but the emperor, always generous in the course of his victories, suspends the attack till two o'clock. The town of Madrid ought to look for protection and security for its peaceable inhabitants; for its ministers; in fine, the oblivion of the past. Hoist a white flag before two o'clock, and send commissioners to treat for the surrender of the town.-Accept, Mons. Gen. &c.-The Major-Gen. ALEXANDER.

SPANISH REVOLUTION.-- Decree for the

Formation of a Militia of Honour, Dated Royal Palace of Aranjuez, Nov. 23,

1808.

It would be useless to proclaim to the Spanish people the great obligation they are under, to deliver themselves from the slavery which threatens them, and which is already suffered by their most amiable monarch, and the whole royal family, from the most powerful, cunning, and perfidious of tyrants. Although the continental pow. ers of Europe, all subdued and held in great subjection, more by the subtle, sordid, and immoral policy of the tyrant, than by the force of his arms, cannot aid us directly by rebelling, or declaring war against the common oppressor, yet they assist us indirectly and passively, by engaging a great part of his armies in the keeping in obedience some of them, and watching the oers. All of them, even France herself, have their attention fixed upon Spain, hoping from its intrepid inhabitants, liberty and independence. As soon as the Spaniards shall have shaken the superiority of their opposers, not orfe of them will fail to take up arms for his annihilation; because not one of them will fail to behold his black intrigues laid bare and frustrated, or to con vince himself that the terrifying opinion hitherto entertained of his power, has been more the effect of the artifices, of which he has been able to seduce them, than by the number, skill, and valour of his troops. But upon us is imposed the duty, and to us is reserved the glory of striking the first blow. To us, Spaniards, Providence Ins left the alternative of being the first people of Europe, and the deliverers of all of them, or of being the most wretched of slaves. The general will of all has been long pronounced, in the most solemn and expressive manner. Almost altogether dis armed, our best resources dispersed and disorganized; our marine destroyed; our enemies masters of the capital, and of the most important fortresses; the nation im poverished; social virtue despised, our man. ners corrupted, and vice enthroned, we have in an instant recovered our ancient dignity and character, vanquished obstacles which could yield only to patriotic heroism. While we believed that our public disorders might be emphemeral, being accidental, and produced by the blind confidence of our sovereign, in a perverse favourite, our innate loyalty obliged us to endure them with resignation and constancy; but no sooner did we clearly perceive, that the tyrant of France sought to avail himself of those disorders, in order to enslave us, as he had enslaved our sovereign-in order to entangle us in the same toils in which he had already caught Italy, Holland, Switzerland, and

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The greater part of Germany, and in order o convert our robust and honourable arms nto vile instruments of his ambition and apacity-then it was that all our provinces, ities, towns, and villages, as if on a suden they had awakened from a profound ethargy, recollected their imprescriptible ights, and recovered all the energy necesary to defend and preserve them. In the hort space of eight days, every Spaniard, nimated by an enthusiasm as ardent as pa iotic, resolved to perish or take vengeance of the tyrant; and Providence instantly faoured their just and valorous determination. The satellites of oppression, who had till hen arrogated to themselves the epithet of nvincible, were finally conquered, for the irst time pursued, hunted like wild beasts, and obliged to take refuge either in the reesses of the Pyrennees, or in the strong places which had been surprized by the base rts of fraud, perfidy, and treason. But, Spaniards, it is still to be seen whether these irst and brave efforts of your valour are to resemble the sudden flashes of an expiring orch, or the first flame of a pile, whose Eire, growing every instant more luminous and active, does not cease till it has no substance to devour. The first would take place were you to prefer your apparent and Individual interests to the public welfare, which is truly substantial-if you suffer yourselves to be misled by selfishness, or distracted by private passions--if you divide yourselves into factions or parties-and, in a word, if you are not convinced, that it is above all things, indispensably necessary that you should make great sacrifices, "in order to complete your great enterprise, and one day enjoy the glory you are to reap with it. In this enterprise your device should be, die or conquer. But you will overcome all obstacles, if you assert and boldly maintain this your irrevocable resolution; for neither does fortune generally forsake those who meet danger with unshaken firmness, nor can God deny his aid to those who purpose to defend his cause with sound and deliberate resolution. Spaniards, do not doubt it. War ought to be henceforth your chief ele

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ment. Your endeavours should be directed to the maintaining of it with intrepidity and constancy; and whatever is capable of weakening those efforts, youshould consider as the first link in the chain of your future slavery, and as impediments to the delivery of your adored Ferdinand. In his name, and after the maturest examination, the supreme central jaata have resolved, that besides the increas ed numbers of troops already constituted, and even organized, and which are now marching towards the Pyrennees, to repel, attack, and drive away the foe, 250,000 warriors shall be enlisted, organized, and instructed in arms, agresably to the rules prescribed in the regulations and provisions which are to be publishe i for that purpose. -But at the same time that his majesty Hatters himself that those forces, added to those which will be furnished by the English and Portuguese, our allies, will be abl to destroy his mortal enemy, he foresees at the same time, the great convenience, and even necessity there will be that in the metropolis, and in all the provinces which remain without garrison or armed force, there should be raised loyal bodies, interested in preventing disorders, and capable of arresting banditti, deserters, and evil-disposed persons, who may purpose to sariate their ambition or rapacity by disturbing the public tranquillity. Honour, union, fraternity, forgetfulness of injury, a disregard of what is or what we may fancy due to us, internal and mutual peace and concord among the citizens, and, in a word, all the virtues which constitute true patriotism, these are the planks which alone can save us from the threatening shipwreck. The suggestions and discourses which might stifle and make cool these virtues, would be so many hemlock cups fraught with death, 50, many hidden snares placed by malice or imprndence in our path, on the brink of the precipice. To preserve then those virtues, and maintain tranquillity in all the towns, and especially in the larger; to impose awe upon robbers, and apprehend deserters, and to prevent, by prompt and inevitable punishment, the multiplication of crimes, his 2 K

DIRECTIONS TO THE BOOK-BINDER.

It is to be observed, that this sheet, which is the last of Volume XIV., should not be cut open by the Reader, but should be left to the Book-binder, who will perceive that the first quarter, viz. p. 1025 to 1032, of which this page makes a part, comes at the end and that the rest of the sheet, containi: g the Title Page and Table of Contents, is to be cut off, and placed at the beginning of the Volume.

Supplement to No. 27, Fol. XIV-Price 10d.

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majesty has resolved, that in all the towns of the kingdom which are out of the theatre of war, there shall be raised bodies of militia of honour (milicias honradas), according to the rules and regulations contained in the following article:-(Here follow 28 articles, most of them matters of detail and formal provisions susceptible of abridgement).

SPANISH REVOLUTION.- (Continued from p. 992.)- Letter from the Conde de Florida Blanca, President of the Central Junta, to General Xavier Castanos: dated Aranjuez, Oct. 1, 1808.

Most honoured Sir,- In the supreme government of the kingdom, a memorial has been received from your excellency, pointing out the difficulties which oppose, in your opinion, the establishment of a military council, the necessity of which, in the judgment of your excellency, there is, that the inspectors should have a seat in it; and lastly, that your feelings and honour do not permit you to remain any longer at Madrid; in consequence, the Junta has resolved, that your excellency should be informed, that it has already signified its orders to the members absent, and it doubts not that they will expedite their journey, which is destined to a service so important, that the inspectors shall be called to the council when they shall think proper; in which case, they shall have a vote in it; and finally, that the Junta cannot but recognize in your excellency's exposition, relative to your march to the army, all the delicacy of which the most delicate soldier can be susceptible: The stay of your excellency in Madrid was useful and essential, since from ir have resulted the formation of plans and measures most proper for carrying on the war against our enemies; intelligence of their situation, that of the forces your excellency commanded, and their superior discipline, are in a great measure due to the penetration and military talents of your excellency, and ultimately the union of operations of all the armies, which happily has been arranged during the continuance of your excellency in Madrid, and at the side. of the Supreme Junta. Envy and detraction cannot asperse motives so pure, nor shade the merit which in the present state of affairs your excellency has recently gained in the service of the country, and the Supreme Junta, which knows it to be so, will give to • your excellency proofs of it on every occasion that offers, and on those which it shortly expects, in consequence of the determination of your excellency to place yourself at the head of your army, which it highly ap

proves; since in that, and in the acknow. ledged military talents and patriotism of your excellency, the Junta has founded the hope of the quick expulsion of the enemy from our country, the nation waits for it with unspeakable anxiety, and has placed its eyes on your excellency, already accustomed to similar undertakings. May God preserve your excellency many years.-THE CONDE DE FLORIDA BLANCA.

By order of the supreme council, we insert the following document, which, en the 27th of last September, was addressed by the most illustrious senior deacon Don J, R. J. Nacarro, auditor of the council of Na

varre.

Most illustrious Senor,-In folio 33d of the proceedings of the council, it is said, that as the auditor of the council of Navarre, presented himself disguised, who had gained admittance into the residence of Senor Don Fernando the VI1th, and brought verbal instructions from his majesty, limited to strict injunctions and wishes that it should follow a system of friendship and harmony with the French. The obligations I owe to that supreme tribunal, for having suppressed my name and the most important part of my commission, solely with a view to the safety of my person, subject, at the time of its publication, to French controul, demanded my gratitude and acknowledgment, and therefore I intreat your highness to signify the same; but now, although at the expence of difficulties and uncertainties, I find myself in this town, free from all fear, I think it necessary that the public should know my mission in its fullest extent.-I was at Bay. onne with other ministers of the tribunals of Navarre, when the king arrived in that city. The emperor of the French did not defer many hours in throwing aside the veil which hid his mischievous conduct. He signified openly to his majesty the scandalous and unexpected project of tearing forcibly from his temples the crown of Spain, and doubtless persuaded that in order to its ready accomplishment, it was necessary to straiten the king by every means; one of the first that he put in execution was the interruption of the couriers. Daily were they dispatched, but the right of nations, was not a guarantee sufficiently sacred to insure them against the insults of a government accustomed not to hesitate in the choice of means for the accomplishment of its depraved ends. Thus circumstanced, his majesty thought himself obliged to adopt new secret channels of communication with the supreme junta, presided by the infant Don Antonio,

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