The Problem of Divine Foreknowledge and Future Contingents from Aristotle to Suarez

Ackrill actual Adams affairs affirmation antecedent antiphasis argues argument Aristotle Aristotle's asserts Augustine autem Boethius causally determined cause cognition contingent singular propositions contradictory corresponding counterfactual conditionals creatures deny determinately true Deus divine foreknowledge divine intellect doctrine eternity everything Excluded Middle exist fact fatalistic difficulties foreknows Frede future contingent propositions future contingent singular future events future singular propositions future things future-tense propositions futurum God's foreknowledge God's knowledge grace Hence Hintikka Ibid immutable infallible instant interpretatione knowledge of future known Law of Excluded logically means middle knowledge modal Molina object occur Ockham Ordinatio past Philosophical Plotinus possible potest predestination present prevenient grace Principle of Bivalence prior propositions are true quae quia quod retrocausal scientia Scotus Scotus's Sea Battle seems sense statements Suarez Summa contra gentiles Summa theologiae sunt temporal necessity temporally necessary theological fatalism timeless timelessly tion true or false true proposition truth value δὲ καὶ τὸ