Benford's Law: Applications for Forensic Accounting, Auditing, and Fraud DetectionJohn Wiley & Sons, 24 abr 2012 - 352 páginas A powerful new tool for all forensic accountants, or anyone who analyzes data that may have been altered Benford's Law gives the expected patterns of the digits in the numbers in tabulated data such as town and city populations or Madoff's fictitious portfolio returns. Those digits, in unaltered data, will not occur in equal proportions; there is a large bias towards the lower digits, so much so that nearly one-half of all numbers are expected to start with the digits 1 or 2. These patterns were originally discovered by physicist Frank Benford in the early 1930s, and have since been found to apply to all tabulated data. Mark J. Nigrini has been a pioneer in applying Benford's Law to auditing and forensic accounting, even before his groundbreaking 1999 Journal of Accountancy article introducing this useful tool to the accounting world. In Benford's Law, Nigrini shows the widespread applicability of Benford's Law and its practical uses to detect fraud, errors, and other anomalies.
Benford's Law has 250 figures and uses 50 interesting authentic and fraudulent real-world data sets to explain both theory and practice, and concludes with an agenda and directions for future research. The companion website adds additional information and resources. |
Índice
Theorems Truisms and a Little Trivia | 25 |
Scale Invariance and Corporate Payments | 35 |
All Distributions Lead to Benford | 43 |
Primary Benfords Law Tests | 71 |
Advanced Benfords Law Tests | 94 |
Running the SecondOrder Test in Excel | 108 |
Conclusions | 114 |
Running the Number Duplication Test in Excel | 122 |
Fraudulent Financial Statements Part I | 199 |
Fraudulent Financial Statements Part II | 215 |
Madoff and Other Ponzi Schemes | 247 |
Multiplication by | 250 |
Earth Science and Income Tax Applications | 267 |
Getting a Gripf on Benford and Zipf | 280 |
Future Directions and Conclusions | 293 |
Glossary of Selected Terms | 315 |
An Analysis of Census Data | 131 |
Assessing Conformity to Benfords Law | 149 |
Examples of Fraudulent Data | 171 |
More Formulas and Facts and a Little Fibonacci | 317 |
References | 323 |
Otras ediciones - Ver todo
Benford's Law: Applications for Forensic Accounting, Auditing, and Fraud ... Mark J. Nigrini Vista previa restringida - 2012 |
Benford's Law: Applications for Forensic Accounting, Auditing, and Fraud ... Mark John Nigrini No hay ninguna vista previa disponible - 2012 |