The Economic Rise of the Habsburg Empire, 1750-1914

agricultural areas argues Austria and Hungary Austria-Hungary Austrian industry Bachinger backward Bankpolitik Berend and Ránki Bohemian lands branch Brünn Bukovina capitalist Carinthia Carniola cartel coal coefficient of variation Creditanstalt Customs Union Danube early economic development economic history eighteenth century Empire's enterprise estimates Europe European exports Fellner firms Galicia German Gerschenkron grew Gross growth rate Gründerzeit Habsburg economy Habsburg Empire Habsburg Monarchy Hungarian Hungary important income industrial production industrial revolution innovations institutional integration interregional iron joint-stock banks Komlos labor large-scale late nineteenth century Lower Austria machine building major manufacturing März Matis modern economic growth Monarchy Moravia nomic Österreichs Wirtschaft output pattern percent phase political Prague provinces rail railroad Regional Dispersion relative Richard Rudolph Rudolph sector share SOURCE steam structural Styria sugar sustained growth Table tariff technological territories textile tion Tisza trade trend value added Vienna Vormärz Waizner western