Music of a Thousand Autumns: The Tōgaku Style of Japanese Court Music

aitake appear Banshiki Banshiki-chō beats beginning biwa Bugaku byōshi cadential pattern ceremony Chinese chōshi court music court musicians dance drum emperor ensemble Etenraku Example F-sharp festival fifth degree finger hole four-measure phrase fue and hichiriki Gagaku Hayayohyoshi Heian period Hyōjō ICHI Ichikotsu Ichikotsu-chō indicated inflected itsu Ittokyo Japan Japanese Kagura kakko kangen Kishibe Kogaku Komagaku Korean koto KOTSU kuwae Kyū measure Meiji Meiji period melody meri Mi-Kagura movement Nara period Netori Nihon nobe Nobeyahyoshi notation Ongaku Jiten Oshiki Oshiki-chō percussion percussion instruments performance pitch played player repertory rhythm rhythmic cycle rhythmic pattern ritsu ryō Ryuteki Saibara Shimomu Shingaku Chukyoku Shinto Shinzei Kogaku shō shōga Shokyoku Shōsōin shrine Sōjō Soko songs standard stringed instruments strong taiko stroke structure style sustained tones T'ang taikyoku technique tempo Tōgaku Tōgaku compositions Tokyo tomede tradition tuning wind instruments 延八拍子 新樂中曲 早八拍子 早四拍子